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Probabilistic Earthquake Hazard Assessment in Indonesia Using Poisson Model and Spatial Grid Analysis Hartati; Effendie, Adhitya Ronnie; Susyanto, Nanang; Suryanto, Wiwit
Science and Technology Indonesia Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026): January
Publisher : Research Center of Inorganic Materials and Coordination Complexes, FMIPA Universitas Sriwijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26554/sti.2026.11.1.207-216

Abstract

Indonesia, located at the convergence of three major tectonic plates in the Pacific Ring of Fire (ROF), is highly susceptible to earthquakes. This study analyzes earthquake hazard in Indonesia using a statistical approach based on the Poisson distribution combined with spatial mapping through a 0.5o x 0.5o grid. Earthquake  data from the USGS catalog (1925–2025), including time, location, depth, and magnitude, were analyzed. Annual earthquake frequencies were calculated for each grid cell with magnitude ≥ 5.0, and the probability of at least one event occurring within 10, 25, and 50 years was estimated using the Poisson probability function. Results were visualized as spatial probability risk maps for 10-, 25-, and 50-year horizons, enabling the identification of earthquake-prone areas and classification of risk levels. The findings reveal that subduction zones, particularly along the Sunda Arc, exhibit probabilities exceeding 90% for M≥ 5 events within the next 50 years, highlighting their significance for disaster preparedness. These results demonstrate that a Poisson-based statistical and spatial approach is effective for probabilistic earthquake hazard mapping and provides direct support for disaster risk reduction and spatial planning in Indonesia.
A Deeper Look Into an Insurance Risk Model with Two Types of Claims and FGM Copula Dependency Saruan , Sandy Salomo; Effendie, Adhitya Ronnie
Indonesian Actuarial Journal Vol. 1 No. 2 (2025): Indonesian Actuarial Journal
Publisher : Persatuan Aktuaris Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.65689/iajvol01no2pp095-112

Abstract

This paper investigates a continuous-time, two types of claims risk model where the dependence between claim sizes and inter-claim times is structured using a Farlie–Gumbel–Morgenstern (FGM) copula. The methodology begins with the construction of a Lundberg’s equation and the determination of its non-negative roots. Subsequently, the integro-differential equation for the ruin probability is derived, from which the Laplace transform of the ruin probability is obtained. For the specific case of exponentially distributed claim sizes, an explicit analytical expression for the ruin probability is derived to examine the effects of dependence parameters and distributional characteristics. A series of numerical experiments with varying FGM copula parameters demonstrate that the ruin probability decreases as the initial surplus increases and is significantly influenced by the strength of the dependence structure. From a practical perspective, distinguishing between claim types allows insurers to identify which category poses the greatest threat to solvency, thereby supporting more targeted underwriting and accurate capital allocation strategies.