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All Journal JURNAL ILMU SOSIAL Insignia: Journal of International Relations Jurnal Ilmiah HUBUNGAN INTERNASIONAL Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Jurnal Hubungan Internasional Indonesian Perspective Journal of Governance and Public Policy Politea Sospol : Jurnal Sosial Politik Widya Komunika: Jurnal Komunikasi Pendidikan Dialogue: Jurnal Ilmu Administrasi Publik Global Komunika : Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik
Arief Bakhtiar Darmawan, Arief Bakhtiar
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Religion Arts Humanities Education Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Library & Information Science Public Health Social Sciences Other

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Media Sosial dan Revolusi Politik: Memahami Kembali Fenomena “Arab Spring” dalam Perspektif Ruang Publik Transnasional Umar, Ahmad Rizky Mardhatillah; Darmawan, Arief Bakhtiar; Sufa, Faela; Ndadari, Gebyar Lintang
Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Vol 18, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1.795 KB)

Abstract

This paper aims to analyze some linkages between revolution, public sphere, and transnational activism through social media in the Middle East. A revolution in Tunisia in 2011 became an international issue after the revolution spreaded to other states in the region. After Tunisia, protest movements began to ignite in Egypt, Libya, Yemen, and Jordania. This wave of revolution comes into a public discourse: what causes this movement? How could a revolution in one country inspire another revolution in another country? To answer these questions, we analyze the role of social media as a “bridge” to connect activists in the Middle East to make a revolution. We conclude that transnational activism was formed by routine and massive reports from media which explained what hadhappened in the Middle East during the revolution. The reports were followed by a spread of the idea of democracy and civil rights through social media. As a consequence, revolution took place in several other countries whose socio-cultural tradition are similar to that of Tunisia.
Islam dan Perilaku Politik di Timur Tengah Darmawan, Arief Bakhtiar
Insignia Journal of International Relations Vol 5 No 1 (2018): April 2018
Publisher : Laboratorium Hubungan Internasional, FISIP, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

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Abstract

This paper aims to analyze religion’s roles related to the political activities in the contemporary Middle East. Constructivism is a framework that offers the way to understand the phenomenon. Constructivism provides a place for the influence of non-material factors such as the value, identity, and purpose of actor behavior in politics. This study used descriptive-interpretative method to acknowledge the problem formulation. Through the lenght of descriptive-interpretative method, author carried out data management, unification, and examination by exertly looking for patterns and relations regarding the role of Islam in political activities in Middle-East. In this article, the author examines through two levels of analysis, ie state level and regional level. At the state level, Islamic political ideology grows in a modern state and often confronts democracy. The debate over the application of Islamic law, the involvement in elections, and the adaptation of Islamic justice principles and the principle of equality are the discourses that characterize political activity in the Middle East. At the regional level, Islam exerts impact in foreign policy in the region. The regional tensions between Sunni and Shiite groups, the resistance in the context of jihad, and the emergence of ISIS are part of the conflict that contributes to regional instability. These political behaviors shows that Islam is not a religion with a single interpretation. Keywords: Islam, Middle East, constructivism, modern states, foreign policy Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis peran atau pengaruh Islam dalam aktivitas politik di kawasan Timur Tengah terkini. Konstruktivisme merupakan kerangka pemikiran yang menyediakan jalan untuk memahami fenomena tersebut. Konstruktivisme memberi tempat bagi pengaruh faktor-faktor non-material seperti nilai, identitas, dan maksud dari perilaku aktor dalam dunia politik. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif-interpretatif untuk menjawab rumusan masalah. Melalui pendekatan deskriptif-interpretatif, penulis melakukan pengaturan, penyatuan, dan pemeriksaan data dengan berupaya mencari pola dan relasi mengenai peran atau pengaruh Islam dalam aktivitas politik di Timur Tengah. Dalam artikel ini, penulis meneliti melalui dua level analisis, yaitu level negara dan level regional. Dalam level negara, ideologi politik Islam tumbuh dalam negara modern dan seringkali berhadapan dengan demokrasi. Perdebatan mengenai penerapan syariat Islam, keterlibatan dalam pemilihan umum, serta penyesuaian prinsip keadilan Islam dan prinsip persamaan hak merupakan diskursus yang mewarnai aktivitas politik di Timur Tengah. Dalam level regional, Islam memberi pengaruh dalam politik luar negeri di kawasan. Ketegangan regional antara kelompok Sunni dan Syiah, perlawanan dalam konteks jihad, serta kemunculan ISIS adalah bagian dari konflik yang menyumbang ketidakstabilan kawasan. Perilaku-perilaku politik tersebut menunjukkan bahwa Islam bukan agama dengan makna yang tunggal. Kata kunci: Islam, Timur Tengah, konstruktivisme, negara modern, politik luar negeri
Dinamika Isu Laut Tiongkok Selatan: Analisis Sumber-Sumber Kebijakan Luar Negeri Tiongkok dalam Sengketa Darmawan, Arief Bakhtiar
Jurnal Ilmiah Hubungan Internasional Vol 14, No 1 (2018): Jurnal Ilmiah Hubungan Internasional
Publisher : Parahyangan Center for International Studies

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (495.356 KB) | DOI: 10.26593/jihi.v14i1.2786.13-35

Abstract

This article aims to observe the behaviour of China’s foreign policy in the conflict of South China Sea (SCS), by analyzing the internal factors and external factors that affect China’s foreign policy. China is one of the parties that take direct claim on the SCS. China’s claim is overlapping with other parties such as Vietnam, Filipina, Malaysia, dan Brunei. In defending its claims, China seeks to dominate both in the dispute area and in multilateral negotiations. In the dispute area, China seized the area, building land reclamation, and attacked other countries’ ships under various pretexts. In multilateral negotiations, China rejects the intervention of great power countries outside the region and maintains ambiguous and non-binding code of conduct. China also continues to increase its military power to press other countries. The author argues that the internal factors has greater influence on Chinese foreign policy decision and action in the SCS dispute than the external factors. Thus, it could triggers China to keep dominating the issue of SCS disputes.
Perubahan Perilaku Politik Luar Negeri Tiongkok terhadap Isu Laut Tiongkok Selatan Darmawan, Arief Bakhtiar
Sospol : Jurnal Sosial Politik Vol 4, No 2 (2018): Juli-Desember
Publisher : Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (388.003 KB) | DOI: 10.22219/sospol.v4i2.6220

Abstract

This article aims to explore China's foreign policy changes on the South China Sea dispute (SCS) since China has been willing to participate in regional or multilateral forums to date. This article argues that although the main characters and narratives of China?s foreign policy tend to be consistent, Chinese foreign policy behavior is changing. This study is a qualitative research that using non-numerical data sources, both primary and secondary. China's foreign policy behavior on the issue of SCS is divided into four phases. First, the passive and defensive phases. China still suspects that multilateral forums are a way of suppressing Chinese interests. Second, active phase. In this phase, China begins to believe in itself as a big and powerful country so as not to worry that multilateral forums will threaten its national security. Third, the initiative phase. China goes a step further by initiating some important multilateral initiative and multilateral breakthroughs in the long term project. Fourth, assertive phase. In this phase, China is involved in several incidents, consistent with their interests, while trying to refrain from initiating an open war. Through the change of foreign policy, China has adapted itself to contemporary international politics and has maintained its national interest in SCS.
Analisis Open Government dan e-Government di Indonesia Berdasarkan Kerangka Kerja SDGs: Studi Kasus Desa Melung, Kabupaten Banyumas Yamin, Muhammad; Darmawan, Arief Bakhtiar; Zayzda, Nurul Azizah; Ash-Shafikh, Mayza
Jurnal Hubungan Internasional Vol 7, No 2 (2018): October
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/hi.72137

Abstract

This research paper aims to analyze the readiness of local government in Indonesia in order to fulfill the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) initiated by the United Nations for rural area level. The author analyzes the open government readiness in Melung Village, Banyumas Districts, Central Java, as a specific case to see the strategy and application of e-government model that was conducted by the government. This paper argues despite the location in the rural area, the government of Melung Village has utilized the system based on the SDGs framework, such as an action to replace paper-based administration into electronic government. This effort was taken to improve the efficiency of public services based on quality and accountability which leads to more active government participation in sharing information with its citizen. Nevertheless, the local government of Melung Village efforts were not good enough since they still need assistance from government and state-owned company. Therefore, the result of the research might strengthen local government institutional and able to fulfill the development goals as is set in SDGs framework.
Keterlibatan Amerika Serikat dalam Sengketa Laut Tiongkok Selatan pada Masa Pemerintahan Presiden Barack Obama Darmawan, Arief Bakhtiar; Ndadari, Gebyar Lintang
Jurnal Hubungan Internasional Vol 6, No 1 (2017): April
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/hi.61100

Abstract

This article aims to analyze the United States (U.S.) involvement in the South China Sea (SCS) dispute. It argues that U.S. involvement has strong reasons and gives significant impact on the region. Jurisdictional claims in the SCS amongst claimants have increased the military activities in the region.Therefore, U.S. needs to increase its presence and involvement in the disputed area. These actions are intended to maintain U.S. interests in the region and secure its national security in the SCS, especially to preserve American global leadership and to maintain peace and stability. Using the concept of balance of power and national security, this article explains that U.S. involvement causes the status quo in the SCS. Although the U.S. is working closely with the Philippines and Vietnam to be a balance of power in the region, U.S. involvement does not use the military power or conflict against China in the SCS.Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis keterlibatan Amerika Serikat (AS) dalam sengketa Laut Tiongkok Selatan (LTS). Artikel ini berargumen bahwa keterlibatan AS tersebut memiliki alasan yang kuat dan memberi pengaruh yang signifikan atas situasi yang terjadi di kawasan tersebut. Klaim tumpang-tindih enam pihak atau negara atas wilayah LTS telah meningkatkan ketegangan di kawasan. Hal itu membuat AS memperkuat kehadiran dan keterlibatannya di kawasan tersebut. Keterlibatan AS merupakan bagian dari upaya AS untuk memelihara keamanan dan kepentingan nasional atas LTS, serta menjaga kepemimpinan global, perdamaian, dan stabilitas di kawasan. Dengan menggunakan konsep perimbangan kekuatan dan keamanan nasional, artikel ini menunjukkan bahwa keterlibatan AS menyebabkan status quo atas apa yang terjadi dalam wilayah LTS. Meskipun AS bekerja sama dengan Filipina dan Vietnam untuk menjadi kekuatan penyeimbang kekuatan di kawasan, namun keterlibatan AS tidak sampai pada penggunaan kekuatan militer atau konflik terbuka melawan Tiongkok di LTS.
Islam and Politics in the Middle East Darmawan, Arief Bakhtiar
Journal of Governance and Public Policy Vol 5, No 3 (2018): October 2018
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/jgpp.53102

Abstract

This paper aims to analyze religion’s roles related to the political activities in the contemporary Middle East. Constructivism is a framework that offers the way to understand the phenomenon. Constructivism provides a place for the influence of non-material factors such as the value, identity, and purpose of actor behavior in politics. In this article, the author examines through two levels of analysis, ie state level and regional level. At the state level, Islamic political ideology grows in a modern state and often confronts democracy. The debate over the application of Islamic law, the involvement in elections, and the adaptation of Islamic justice principles and the principle of equality are the discourses that characterize political activity in the Middle East. At the regional level, Islam exerts impact in foreign policy in the region. The regional tensions between Sunni and Shiite groups, the resistance in the context of jihad, and the emergence of ISIS are part of the conflict that contributes to regional instability. These political behaviors shows that Islam is not a religion with a single interpretation.Keywords: Islam, Middle East, constructivism, modern states, foreign policy
Japan’s Balanced Strategy to Face China’s Threat in South China Sea Dispute Darmawan, Arief Bakhtiar
JURNAL ILMU SOSIAL Volume 19, Issue 2, Year 2020
Publisher : Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jis.19.2.2020.137-159

Abstract

This paper aims to analyze Japan’s foreign policy related to the dispute in the South China Sea (SCS). Even though Japan has no sovereignty claims, it has considerable interests in the SCS region. Japan, which is poor in natural resources, depends on energy imports, most of which are shipped through SCS. As an advanced industrial state, Japan must continue to meet domestic energy demand. However, the SCS area has a potential conflict due to Chinese assertive behavior as the main factor that could threaten Japanese interests. The author use qualitative method with relevant literature studies and official government documentation to conduct a descriptive analysis of the research findings. The results of the study indicate that Japan is implementing a balanced strategy to deal with the potential threat of China. Balancing against threats is conducted in internal ways, e.g. internal reinforcement, and external ways, e.g. forming and strengthening cooperation with other countries outside the United States (US). Since Japan's limitations in military aspect hindered their internal reinforcement, this study emphasizes Japan's external balance strategy. The increasingly dubious US commitment in the Asia Pacific has made Japan strengthen defense cooperation with Southeast Asian countries such as Indonesia, the Philippines and Vietnam. The three countries have interest in SCS and provide access that conforms to Japanese interests. 
Kekuatan Artificial Intelligence Tiongkok dan Kekhawatiran Masyarakat Global: Resensi Buku Darmawan, Arief Bakhtiar
Indonesian Perspective Vol 5, No 2: (Juli-Desember 2020), hlm. 119-220
Publisher : Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ip.v5i2.34135

Abstract

This paper reviews a new book written by Kai-Fu Lee titled AI Superpowers: China, Silicon Valley, and the New World Order which address the question of how artificial intelligence reshape the world order and how its impact on the world economy.
Persembahan untuk Masa Depan Pengungsi: Resensi Buku Darmawan, Arief Bakhtiar
Indonesian Perspective Vol 6, No 2: (Juli-Desember 2021), hlm. 123-259
Publisher : Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ip.v6i2.43547

Abstract

Buku First, They Erased Our Name: A Rohingya Speaks yang ditulis Habiburahman dan Sophia Ansel menawarkan pengetahuan dari sisi perjalanan hidup korban. Cerita ini penting sebab kemiskinan, tingkat literasi rendah, dan akses teknologi yang terbatas membuat etnis Rohingya tidak mampu menghadapi penggiringan opini tentang isu Rohingya versi pemerintah Myanmar. Bersamaan dengan itu, selama ini, eksistensi kelompok minoritas sangat bergantung pada pihak lain, seperti para aktivis maupun organisasi internasional yang menyuarakan hak asasi manusia. Habiburahman ingin mendobrak semua itu. Kehadiran buku ini menegaskan: saatnya perspektif dan pengalaman seorang Rohingya berbicara kepada khalayak masyarakat global tentang apa yang sebenarnya terjadi terhadap mereka.
Co-Authors Agus Haryanto Ahmad Rizky Mardhatillah Umar Ash-Shafikh, Mayza Cahyani, Chika Dwianto, Rahmad Agus Faela Sufa Gebyar Lintang Ndadari, Gebyar Lintang Joko Santoso Muhammad Yamin Pangestu, Ilham Putri, Aurani Azalia Rianto Rianto Tulus Haryono, Tulus Ulung Pribadi, Ulung Zayzda, Nurul Azizah