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All Journal Dimas: Jurnal Pemikiran Agama untuk Pemberdayaan Al-Ihkam: Jurnal Hukum dan Pranata Sosial Physics Education Research Journal Al-Hilal: Journal of Islamic Astronomy MIYAH: Jurnal Studi Islam Astroislamica: Journal of Islamic Astronomy Al-Mabsut: Jurnal Studi Islam dan Sosial
M. Ihtirozun Ni’am
Universitas Islam Negeri Walisongo Semarang
Religion Humanities Astronomy Earth & Planetary Sciences Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Environmental Science Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Physics Social Sciences Other

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Shahadah 'Ilmy; Integrating Fiqh and Astronomy Paradigm in Determining The Arrival of Lunar Months in Indonesia Muh. Arif Royyani; Abdul Mufid; M. Ihtirozun Ni’am; Alfian Qodri Azizi; Achmad Azis Abidin
AL-IHKAM: Jurnal Hukum & Pranata Sosial Vol. 16 No. 2 (2021)
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia IAIN Madura collaboration with The Islamic Law Researcher Association (APHI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19105/al-lhkam.v16i2.5320

Abstract

Formulating the fixed methodology for determining the beginning of Ramadan month and Islamic Feast in Indonesia is still ongoing. This article attempts to offer an integration between sharia and scientific views through 1) the concept of shahadah (witnessing) in the paradigm of fiqh and astronomy, and 2) the integration of those paradigms in determining the beginning of lunar months, particularly Ramadan and Syawal. This study uses qualitative methods in gaining the data then analyzes it using the approach of Miles & Huberman on interdisciplinary study. The findings of this research are as follows: 1) the concept of shahadah in the paradigm of fiqh is based on religious vows and factual evidence, while the astronomical paradigm perceives it from the certainty of external factors (weather, climate, environment, etc.). 2) Integration of those two paradigms results in better methods. It can turn the shahadah into the quality of qat'i (fixed) while the astronomic perspective gains more legitimacy. The integration is therefore called shahadah-'ilmi which potentially integrates the criteria of crescent visibility (imkan al-rukyah) in Indonesia to minimize the common occurrence on differences in determining those days. (Penetapan awal bulan Ramadhan dan Hari Raya di Indonesia masih terus dirumuskan metodologinya. Artikel ini menawarkan integrasi antara sudut pandang syari’ah dan saintifik melalui kajian atas 1) konsep syahadah dalam paradigma fiqh dan astronomi, 2) integrasi paradigma fiqh dan astronomi dalam menetapkan awal bulan Islam, utamanya Ramadhan dan Syawal. Penelitian ini menggali data dengan metode kualitatif kemudian menganalisisnya dengan pendekatan Miles & Huberman tentang kajian interdisipliner. Temuan penelitian ini adalah sebagai berikut: 1) Konsep shahadah dalam paradigma fiqh adalah penglihatan yang disertai dengan sumpah dan bukti faktual, sementara dalam paradigma astronomi, shahadah didasarkan pada kepastian ukuran dari faktor–faktor eksternal meliputi cuaca, iklim dan lingkungan. 2) Integrasi dua paradigma tersebut menghasilkan metode yang lebih baik dalam penentuan awal Ramadhan dan Syawal. Shahadah dalam sudut pandang fiqh berubah menjadi qath’i (pasti), sementara hasil persaksian astronomi semakin memperoleh legitimasi. Integrasi kedua paradigma melahirkan konsep shahadah-'ilmi yang dapat digunakan untuk menentukan tampaknya hilal (rukyah hilal) awal Ramadhan dan Syawal di Indonesia sehingga perbedaan yang kerap terjadi dalam menentukan dua awal bulan tersebut dapat diminalisir.)
AYYĀM AL-BĪḌ SYAR'I AND ASTRONOMY PERSPECTIVE (BETWEEN FASTING MOMENTUM AND SCIENTIFIC CALCULATION) luayyin luayyin; M. Ihtirozun Ni'am
Al-Hilal: Journal of Islamic Astronomy Vol 2, No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Fakultas Syari'ah dan Hukum UIN Walisongo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (687.563 KB) | DOI: 10.21580/al-hilal.2020.2.2.6743

Abstract

Ayyām al-Bīdis a group of days in the hijri calendar system. Ayy termām al-Bīdobtained from the hadith of the Prophet which contains the command to fast for three days in each hijri month, which is sunnah. Ayy understandingām al-Bīdfrom the hadith of the Prophet is the date / day of the 13th, 14th, and 15th of the Hijri month. However, at a practical level, scholars differed when they mentioned the implementation of Ayy's fastām al-Bīd. There are 9 versions of this opinion. Here the writer wants to examine more deeply ayyām al-BīdThis is seen from a shar'i and astronomical perspective. The writer studies it with the research library method using the scientific-cum-doctriner approach. The data collected came from the books of hadith and fiqh, then analyzed with an astronomical approach. From this research, it was found that the meaning of the term Ayyām al-BīdIn the view of syar'i, it is the best time to observe the sunnah fast for three days every month. Matan hadith of the Prophet SAW regarding Ayyām al-Bīd which stipulates on the 13th, 14th and 15th of the Hijri month because that is the time when the full moon and lunar eclipses occur. From the review of astronomy Ayyām al-Bīdis the time when at night the Moon shines brighter than the other nights. Astronomically this can occur 4-5 days in the middle of the Hijri month. 
QIBLA DIRECTION WITH THE CONSTELLATION (STUDY OF DETERMINATION OF QIBLA DIRECTION WITH GUBUG PENCENG) M Ihtirozun Ni'am; Muhammad Fiki Burhanuddin; Nizma Nur Rahmi
Al-Hilal: Journal of Islamic Astronomy Vol 2, No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Fakultas Syari'ah dan Hukum UIN Walisongo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (598.608 KB) | DOI: 10.21580/al-hilal.2020.2.2.7964

Abstract

In the ethnography of Javanese society, Gubug penceng is used as a southern constellation. With a declination value of -63º 05’ 57”, the appearance of this gubug penceng is a bit unique, because it can only be observed by observers who are south of the tropic. However, with a magnitude value of 0.77 and a shape that is easy to remember, it makes the gubug becomes a star that is easily visible to the naked eye. The author here will examine the use of the gubug penceng for determining the direction of the Qibla. Previous writers will take into account the azimuth of the Qibla and the azimuth of the acrux star which is the brightest star in the constellation of the thinner, then determine the direction of the Qibla by referring to the difference between the azimuth acrux and the qibla. This research is a field research which is included in qualitative numerical research. The author will compare the results of the Qibla direction from this gubug penceng with the Qibla direction determined with the help of the azimuth of the Sun. The results of this study found that the gubug penceng can be used as a reference to determine the direction of the Qibla. The qibla direction of the measurement results is quite accurate, because the object of aiming is in the form of a central point of the star. The difference between the direction of the Qibla between using the reference hut is not more than 24 minutes, so the results are quite accurate.
DATE CORRECTION OF OMAR BIN KHATTAB’S DEATH IN AN ASTRONOMICAL PERSPECTIVE Akhmad Nadirin; M. Ihtirozun Ni'am
Al-Hilal: Journal of Islamic Astronomy Vol 1, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Fakultas Syari'ah dan Hukum UIN Walisongo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (583.573 KB) | DOI: 10.21580/al-hilal.2019.1.1.5236

Abstract

Omar bin Khattab was a companions of Prophet Muhammad SAW who had the title as Amīr al-Mu’minīn. He led Islam for about 10 years before being stabbed by Abu Lu'luah when he was in the morning prayer at the end of the 23rd H year until death.  There are many opinions in Islamic historical literature about the death of Omar bin Khattab.  Some experts say that 3, 4 or 7 days left in Dzulhijjah 23 H or the Sunday of Muharram 24 H. This study is intended for the first, knowing why there is a difference in the death data. Second, answering the problems of correction Omar bin Khattab’s death data in an astronomical perspective. These problems are discussed with a qualitative research in the form of library research.  The primary sources used in this study are Tārikh al-Thabari Tārikh al-Umam wa al-Mulūk, Ashāb al-Futuyā , al-Kāmil fī al-Tārikh, Siyar A’lam al-Nubulā, al-Bidāyah wa al-Nihāyah. Furthermore, the data obtained is converted into days and dates then it is cohered with the appropriate data. The result of this study shows that there is the difference of Omar bin Khattab’s death data. It is caused by the difference theories of the data. Thus, based on the astronomical calculation, the date of Omar bin Khatab’s death was on Wednesday, 26th Dzulhijjah 23 H / 3rd of November 644 M (3 days left in the month Dzulhijjah 23 H).
ANALEMMA AND THE BEGINNING OF MAGHRIB PRAYER ALTERATION (Correlation Of Analemma’s Position Towards The Beginning Of Maghrib Prayer According To Ephemeris Calculation) M. Ihtirozun Ni'am; khabib suraya
Al-Hilal: Journal of Islamic Astronomy Vol 3, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Fakultas Syari'ah dan Hukum UIN Walisongo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (700.85 KB) | DOI: 10.21580/al-hilal.2021.3.1.7649

Abstract

Analemmaa is a change of sun’s position which is inconstant when it is observed in certain time and place during a year period. If the change is served as a diagram, it will shape like ‘eight’ number. The beginning of maghrib prayer during a year period is dyanmic at certain time, and it will change due to alteration of sunset.  Therefore, this research aimed to understand the correlation between analemma and the alteration of maghrib prayer schedule. The research uses field research method, which collecting the average of observation data of Sun’s position at the certain time and place during a year period by employing qualitative method. The research found that the alteration of the beginning of maghrib prayer is caused by the analemma’s phenomenon. When the gap between the result of analema’s time observed with maghrib schedule is increased, so the beginning of maghrib prayer is delayed. Yet, when the gap between the result of analema’s time observed with maghrib schedule is decreased, so the beginning of maghrib prayer is sooner.
Integrasi Teori dan Praktik Ilmu Falak dengan Media al-Murobba’ di Pondok Pesantren al-Firdaus YPMI M. Ihtirozun Ni'am; Fika Afhamul Fuscha
Dimas: Jurnal Pemikiran Agama untuk Pemberdayaan Vol 22, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : LP2M of Institute for Research and Community Services - UIN Walisongo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (675.312 KB) | DOI: 10.21580/dms.2022.221.9567

Abstract

Lately, the study of astronomy in Islamic boarding schools has been less attractive. One factor is the lack of media or instruments to support astronomy learning, one of which is at the Al-Firdaus YPMI Islamic Boarding School. This service aims to integrate theory and practice in astronomy through al-Murobba' media. This study uses the Asset Based Community Development (ABCD) method, which is to develop astronomical scientific assets that are owned by the Al-Firdaus YPMI Islamic Boarding School. Service results show that integrating theory and practice in learning astronomy using al-Murabba' can improve cognitive, psychomotor, and affective aspects. This can be seen from the participants' pre-test and post-test results.Akhir-akhir ini kajian ilmu falak di pesantren kurang diminati. Salah satu faktornya adalah kurangnya media atau instrumen untuk mendukung pembelajaran ilmu falak, salah satunya di Pondok Pesantren Al-Firdaus YPMI. Pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk mengintegrasikan teori dan praktik dalam ilmu falak melalui media al-Murobba'. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Asset Based Community Development (ABCD), yaitu mengembangkan aset keilmuan astronomi yang dimiliki oleh Pondok Pesantren Al-Firdaus YPMI. Hasil pengabdian menunjukkan bahwa pengintegrasian teori dan praktik dalam pembelajaran astronomi menggunakan al-Murabba' dapat meningkatkan aspek kognitif, psikomotorik, dan afektif. Hal ini terlihat dari hasil pre-test dan post-test para peserta.
KONSEP AWAL WAKTU SALAT IMAM GHOZALI DARI PERSPEKTIF FIQH DAN ASTRONOMI Muhammad Najib; M. Ihtirozun Ni'am; Dwi Oktarini
MIYAH : Jurnal Studi Islam Vol. 18 No. 2 (2022): AGUSTUS
Publisher : Institut Keislaman Abdullah Faqih Gresik

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33754/miyah.v18i2.609

Abstract

Abstract: Prayer is the most important worship in Islam. Discussing prayer, it will not be separated from the conditions for the validity of prayer, namely the entry of prayer times. The beginning of the prayer time is determined based on the position of the sun concerning the earth, thus calculating the beginning of the prayer time is calculating when the sun occupies certain positions while circling the earth, namely when the dawn of Sadiq, the sun slips when the shadow of an object is the same as the shadow of the object itself, the sun sunset and the loss of the red twilight. In determining the beginning of this prayer time, there is a dichotomy/difference in interpretation. Among the different forms of interpretation when determining the start of the Zuhur prayer time, when the shadow of an object is as long as the object itself and the shadow of an object is twice the length of the object. Especially in the book Ihya Ulumuddin, Imam Al-Ghazali, has his own opinion about the beginning of prayer time, when in an area you cannot see the sun setting in the west because it is blocked by a mountain such as, then look towards the east, see black bursts in the sky, then it is the same as a sign of the entry of maghrib time, and the beginning of the time for the Isha prayer, marked by the loss of the red twilight, if in an area covered and blocked by mountains to see the disappearance of the red twilight in the west, then look at the small stars that appear in the east, then that is an early sign of entering the time for the Isha prayer. The method used is qualitative, referring to books, journals, and theses that are commensurate with the discussion to be raised. Keyword: Early prayer time, ihya Ulumuddin, fuqaha, Imam Al-Ghazali
REKONSTRUKSI SISTEM WAKTU DALAM SHUHUF NABI IDRIS M. Ihtirozun Ni'am; Youla Afifah Azkarrula; Irman Said Prastyo
MIYAH : Jurnal Studi Islam Vol. 19 No. 01 (2023): JANUARI
Publisher : Institut Keislaman Abdullah Faqih Gresik

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33754/miyah.v19i01.610

Abstract

Abstract: Humans in carrying out various activities are very dependent on time. When traced in ancient times, humans marked the time with different references, causing confusion with each other. Therefore, humans are looking for parameters to equalize time. This parameter is the movement of the Sun, Moon and other phenomena. The explanation of the time system is explained in the Book of Enoch. But the explanation is based on that time. So, the question arises of the time system into the present. This research is library research with a qualitative approach. The primary source of this study is the Book of Enoch. The result of this research is it is known that the smallest unit in the book of Enoch is part equivalent to 80 minutes. The day begins with sunrise which occurs for 12 months of the year. One month consists of 30 days with an intercalation of 4 days a year in order to equalize the time of season and solar time so that a year consist of 364 days ending with sabbath. Every month, the sun rises and sets from different places and correlates with constellations. Keywords: Day, The Book of Enoch, Time system.
Digistar 6-Based Planetarium as an Educational Media for Learning about the Sun Position Using a Horizontal Coordinate System Irman Said Prastyo; Muhammad Nurkhanif; Muhammad Ihtirozun Ni'am; Apriana Apriana; Lalu Muhammad Abdi Zamakhsyari
Physics Education Research Journal Vol 4, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Faculty of Science and Education, UIN Walisongo Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21580/perj.2022.4.1.11013

Abstract

A good understanding of the labeling of the positions of celestial bodies, including the Sun, in a horizontal coordinate system, is absolutely necessary as a basis for understanding astronomy and astrophysics. The existence of media that can be used to provide simulations of the celestial sphere and its coordinate system is very important to support the learning process. Through this quantitative descriptive statistical research with One-Group Pretest-Posttest Design, it can be shown that the use of Digistar 6-Based Planetarium as an educational medium can improve students' understanding of the position of the Sun in a horizontal coordinate system. The increase in understanding was marked by an increase in the average percentage of correct answers from pretest to posttest by 32.89%, an increase in the percentage of minimum and maximum correct answers by 54% and 60%, respectively, and an increase in the number of passes in the PAP version by 53.34%.
SIGNIFIKANSI IJTIHAD KALENDER HIJRIYAH GLOBAL (TINJUAN DARI ASPEK SYAR’I DAN EKONOMI) M. Ihtirozun Ni‟am
Al-Mabsut: Jurnal Studi Islam dan Sosial Vol 10 No 1 (2016): MARET
Publisher : Institut Agama Islam Ngawi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56997/almabsut.v10i1.101

Abstract

Ijtihad merupakan suatu upaya yang harus dilakukan untuk menjawab tuntutan zaman. Fungsi ijtihad menjadi penting ketika muncul persoalan terkait kemaslahatan umat yang tidak ditemukan nash-nash sharih yang menjelaskannya. Dalam masalah kalender hijriyah, ijtihad untuk membentuk kalender hijriyah global dinilai urgen dan sangat signifikan. Setidaknya ada beberapa faktor yang menjadi alasannya. Pertama, dari sudut pandang syar’i. Apabila kalender hijriyah belum menyatu, akan terjadi perbedaan awal bulan kamariah antar umat Islam. Hal ini akan menjadi masalah serius ketika penentuan awal bulan Syawwal atau pun Dzulhijjah. Misalnya apabila ormas A menetapkan hari senin sudah lebaran sedangkan pemerintah menetapkan hari selasanya, maka akan terjadi kekacauan terkait ibadah puasa dan shalat idul fitrinya. Bagaimana hukumnya puasa di hari yang mana orang lain sudah lebaran atau hari tahrim. Dan bagaimana hukumnya shalat idul fitri di hari yang mana orang lain masih puasa. Ini akan berakibat pada sah atau tidaknya ibadah yang dilakukan. Begitu pula saat kalender hijriyahnya berbeda saat penentuan awal Dzulhijjah. Lebih dari itu, ini juga akan berakibat pada jumlah hari yang dialami oleh orang muslim Indonesia yang sedang menjalankan ibadah haji. Suatu ketika ia akan kehilangan atau kekurangan 1 hari Dzulhijjah dan suatu ketika ia akan kelebihan 1 hari Dzulhijjah saat kembali ke Indonesia. Dari sudut pandang ekonomi, belum adanya kalender hijriyah global menyebabkan kekurangan pembayaran zakat sebagai akibat dari pemakaian kalender masehi. Interval 11,5 hari anatara kalender Masehi dan Hijriyah bila diperhitungkan selama 500 tahun dengan total aset umat Islam sekitar US$ 10 triliun, maka kekurangan pembayaran tersebut bisa mencapai sekitar US$ 5 triliun. Maka dari itu, ijtihad untuk memformulasikan kalender hijriyah global di sini sangat urgen dan signifikan.
Co-Authors Abdul Mufid Achmad Azis Abidin Afifah Mulya Alamsyah Akhmad Nadirin Alfian Qodri Azizi Apriana Apriana Dwi Oktarini Fika Afhamul Fuscha khabib suraya Lalu Muhammad Abdi Zamakhsyari luayyin luayyin Muh. Arif Royyani Muhammad Fiki Burhanuddin Muhammad Najib Nizma Nur Rahmi Nurkhanif, Muhammad Prastyo, Irman Said Rahma Youla Afifah Azkarrula