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The Effect of Body-Weight Squat Exercise on Increasing Lower-Limb Muscle Strength and Reducing the Risk of Falls in Elderly Women Govinda Vittala; Ni Luh Nopi Andayani; Ni Luh Putu Gita Karunia Saraswati
Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research Vol. 8 No. 2 (2026): Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research
Publisher : GLOBAL HEALTH SCIENCE GROUP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37287/ijghr.v8i2.735

Abstract

The decline in estrogen levels among elderly women leads to increased bone fragility and joint degeneration, making them more susceptible to osteoporosis and osteoarthritis. One of the most serious consequences of reduced musculoskeletal function in older women is an increased vulnerability to falls. Therefore, to improve the quality of life of elderly women, it is essential to implement exercise programs that are easy to remember, simple to perform, safe, and feasible to conduct independently at home. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of body-weight squat exercises in improving lower limb muscle strength and reducing the risk of falls among elderly women. This study employed an experimental design using a randomized controlled trial with a pre-test and post-test control group design. A total of 30 elderly women participated as samples and were randomly assigned into two groups: the intervention group and the control group. Participants in the intervention group performed body-weight squat exercises for four weeks, with a training frequency of four times per week. Outcome measures included lower limb muscle strength, assessed using the Five Times Sit-to-Stand Test (FTSTS), and fall risk, assessed using the Timed Up and Go Test (TUG). Measurements were taken before and after the intervention. The study was conducted in Mengwi District, Badung Regency, Bali, from July to September 2025. Data were analyzed using SPSS, based on the pre-test and post-test measurements. The statistical analyses employed were the Paired Sample T-Test and the Independent Sample T-Test. The results demonstrated a significant increase in lower limb muscle strength (p = 0.000) and a significant reduction in fall risk (p = 0.000) in the intervention group, as analyzed using the Paired Sample T-Test. Performing body-weight squat exercises four times per week for four consecutive weeks effectively increases lower limb muscle strength, as measured by the FTSTS test, and reduces the risk of falls, as measured by the TUG test, among elderly women in Gulingan Village, Mengwi District.
Hubungan Durasi Cross-Legged Sitting (CLS) dengan Gejala Nyeri Panggul pada Mahasiswi Fisioterapi Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Udayana Victoria Putri Jegaut; Gede Parta Kinandana; Ni Luh Putu Gita Karunia Saraswati; Sayu Aryantari Putri Thanaya
KOLONI Vol. 5 No. 2 (2026): JUNI 2026
Publisher : Universitas Pahlawan Tuanku Tambusai

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31004/koloni.v5i2.916

Abstract

Unergonomic sitting positions, especially cross-legged sitting (CLS), are often maintained by female students in academic activities and have the potential to cause musculoskeletal complaints such as pelvic pain. This study aims to analyze the relationship between CLS duration and pelvic pain symptoms in female physiotherapy students. This study used an observational cross-sectional analytical design with 100 respondents aged 18–22 years old selected based on inclusion criteria. Data regarding CLS habits and pelvic pain symptoms were collected through questionnaires and analyzed using Spearman's correlation test. The results showed that the majority of respondents sat CLS for less than 15 minutes, some for 15–30 minutes, and a little more than 30 minutes, with pelvic pain complaints varying from mild to moderate categories. Statistical analysis showed a significant relationship between CLS duration and pelvic pain (p < 0.001; ρ = 0.543), with moderate strength and positive direction. There is a significant relationship between CLS duration and pelvic pain, indicating that the longer the CLS position is maintained, the greater the tendency to experience pelvic pain symptoms.
Effectiveness of Adding Neurosensomotor Reflex Development and Synchronization to the Perceptual Motor Program in Improving Balance in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder Ni Luh Putu Gita Karunia Saraswati; Putu Mulya Kharismawan; Govinda Vittala; Made Hendra Satria Nugraha; Indah Pramita; Anak Ayu Nyoman Trisna Narta Dewi
Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research Vol. 8 No. 6 (2026): Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research: December 2026
Publisher : GLOBAL HEALTH SCIENCE GROUP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37287/ijghr.v8i6.2192

Abstract

Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) often show impaired sensorimotor integration, which disrupts both static and dynamic balance and limits how independently they manage daily activities. The Perceptual Motor Program (PMP) has been reported to enhance balance in this group, but evidence on whether pairing it with Neuro Senso Motor Reflex Development and Synchronization (NSMRD&S) yields further benefit is lacking. The aim was to determine whether NSMRD&S given on top of PMP produces greater improvement in static and dynamic balance among children with ASD than PMP given by itself. Thirty children with ASD were allocated equally to an intervention group (NSMRD&S plus PMP, n=15) or a control group (PMP only, n=15) in a two-group pretest–posttest study. Both groups attended sessions three times weekly for four weeks. Static balance was assessed using the One Legged Stance Test and dynamic balance using the Beam Balance Test. The paired sample t-test examined changes within groups and the independent t-test compared the groups, at a significance level of p<0.05. Static and dynamic balance both improved significantly in each group (p = 0.001). Static balance gains were larger in the intervention group than in controls (3.26 ± 1.66 vs. 2.93 ± 1.33; p = 0.000), and dynamic balance gains were considerably larger (1.35 ± 0.44 vs. 0.48 ± 0.30; p = 0.000). Adding NSMRD&S to PMP produced greater balance improvement, both static and dynamic, than PMP alone in children with ASD. The findings favor integrating sensorimotor-reflex techniques with perceptual-motor training when physiotherapists address balance problems in this population.