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All Journal Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Abdimas Galuh: Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Jurnal Kesehatan Metro Sai Wawai Jurnal Mahasiswa Kesehatan Jurnal Bioteknologi & Biosains Indonesia (JBBI) Jurnal Bioteknologi & Biosains Indonesia
Elfred Rinaldo Kasimo, Elfred Rinaldo
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Economics, Econometrics & Finance Environmental Science Health Professions Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health

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BLOOD SMEAR EXAMINATION AND DIFFERENTIAL COUNT IN RATS WITH ESCHERICHIA COLI ESBL AND KLEBSIELLA PNEUMONIAE CARBAPENEMASE INFECTIONS Savitri, Lisa; Kasimo, Elfred Rinaldo; Ihsan, Kharisul; Faizal, Imam Agus
Jurnal Bioteknologi & Biosains Indonesia (JBBI) Vol. 12 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : BRIN - Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/jbbi.2025.10708

Abstract

Sepsis is an irregular body response to severe infection, triggering uncontrolled inflammation that can lead to extensive tissue damage. It can progress to septic shock with multiple organ failure, resulting in death if left untreated. Laboratory examinations, such as leukocyte differential count in hematology, help understand the distribution pattern of white blood cells associated with health conditions. Laboratory research was conducted on mice injected with E. coli ESBL or K. pneumoniae carbapenemase. After 24 hours, observations were made on apoptosis in the spleen and liver of mice. Mouse blood was processed to count white blood cell types with a differential count. The results were analyzed to compare the control group with the bacterial infection groups of E. coli ESBL and K. pneumoniae carbapenemase. The research results indicate that the neutrophil count in the E. coli ESBL group is still within the normal range and lower (44.5±1.915%) compared to the K. pneumoniae carbapenemase group (55.75±8.342%). Similarly, the lymphocyte count in the E. coli ESBL group is within the normal range and lower (77.5±3.109%) compared to the K. pneumoniae carbapenemase group (91.25±7.588%). This highlights the crucial role of neutrophils and lymphocytes in responding to severe bacterial infections such as K. pneumoniae carbapenemase. Previous studies indicate neutrophilia and lymphocytopenia as markers of severe bacterial infections. Neutrophils are the primary defense against bacterial infections and can be rapidly recruited to the infection site, while specific infections can trigger prolonged neutrophil recruitment from hematopoietic tissues.
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN KOMBINASI METFORMIN DENGAN EKSTRAK KULIT BUAH NAGA MERAH (Hylocereus polyrhizus) TERHADAP KADAR GLUKOSA DARAH MENCIT DIABETES Khotimah, Khusnul; Kadir, Mujtahid Bin Abd; Kasimo, Elfred Rinaldo; Sanjaya, Rochmad Kris
Jurnal Mahasiswa Kesehatan Vol. 2 No. 2 (2021): MARET 2021
Publisher : Universitas Kadiri

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30737/jumakes.v2i2.1216

Abstract

People with diabetes mellitus extremely increase every year. Management of diabetes mellitus disease requires appropriate therapy to prevent serious increasing and progressing the disease to be serious complication then the achievement of therapy goals. This study aims to determine the effect of giving a combination of metformin and red dragon fruit peel extract (Hylocereus polyrhizus) on blood glucose levels of diabetic mice.This type of research is an experimental study with a pre-test and post-test design with a control group. As the test animal, Swiss webster male white mice were used. They were grouped into 6 groups, each with 4 tails for each group. As the treatment group by giving of a combination of metformin and red dragon fruit peel extract with various doses of 75 mg/kg body weight for mice, 150 mg/kg body weight for mice, 300 mg/kg body weight for mice, positive control for metformin 65 mg/kg BW for mice, comparative control extracts red dragon fruit peel 150 mg/kg BW of mice and negative control 0.5% Na CMC was given orally once a day for 14 days. Data analysis used the One Way Anova method followed by the Last Significant Difference (LSD) method.The results showed that the percentage of the highest reduction in blood glucose levels was 81% in the combination group with an extract dose of 300 mg/kg BW of mice which was significantly different from the negative control group and the comparison control group.
Histopathological Evaluation of Stomach Protection by Peperomia pellucida L. in Mice with Gastroenteritis Savitri, Lisa; Krissanjaya, Rochmad; Kasimo, Elfred Rinaldo; Juwita, Syntia Tanu; Prasetyawan, Fendy; Saristiana, Yuneka; Mebung, Konradus Klala; Amanda, Cornelia
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 14, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2025.141.535-540

Abstract

Gastroenteritis, a widespread condition characterized by inflammation of the stomach and intestines, poses significant health challenges globally. Conventional treatments primarily focus on symptomatic relief and do not address the underlying gastric mucosal damage. Peperomia pellucida L., a medicinal plant known for its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, has been suggested to possess gastroprotective effects. This study aims to evaluate the histopathological effects of P. pellucida L. on gastric protection in a mouse gastroenteritis model. Male Swiss mice were divided into six groups, receiving different treatments, including the ethanol extract of P. pellucida at varying doses (100, 300, and 500 mg/kgBW), followed by induction of gastroenteritis with Escherichia coli. Histopathological analysis was conducted to observe tissue damage across the treatment groups, including necrosis and cell degeneration. The results revealed that P. pellucida L. exhibited significant gastroprotective effects, particularly at a dose of 500 mg/kgBW, reducing gastric mucosal necrosis and inflammation compared to the control groups. The plant’s secondary metabolites, including flavonoids, tannins, saponins, and alkaloids, contributed to the observed protective effects by enhancing mucus production, reducing gastric acidity, and promoting tissue repair. These findings suggest that P. pellucida L. could be an alternative treatment for gastroenteritis and related gastric conditions, offering a natural approach to managing gastric inflammation and mucosal protection.
Edukasi Standar Penggunaan Air untuk Pembuatan Media Mikrobiologi pada Pemeriksaan Sediaan Kosmetik di PT. Triszie Lab Indonesia Savitri, Lisa; Kasimo, Elfred Rinaldo; Prasetyawan, Fendy; Saristiana, Yuneka; Mebung, Konradus Klala; Amanda, Cornelia
Abdimas Galuh Vol 7, No 2 (2025): September 2025
Publisher : Universitas Galuh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25157/ag.v7i2.18780

Abstract

Air merupakan komponen krusial dalam pembuatan media mikrobiologi, khususnya untuk pengujian sediaan kosmetik. Penggunaan air yang tidak memenuhi standar dapat menyebabkan kontaminasi, menurunkan validitas hasil uji, serta menghambat pertumbuhan mikroorganisme target. Oleh karena itu, laboratorium mikrobiologi wajib menggunakan air yang sesuai standar internasional seperti United States Pharmacopeia (USP) dan European Pharmacopoeia (EP), dengan pengawasan parameter seperti TOC, konduktivitas, dan cemaran mikrobiologi. PT. Triszie Lab Indonesia menyadari pentingnya edukasi mengenai standar mutu air, namun masih terdapat kesenjangan pengetahuan di antara personel laboratorium. Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini bertujuan memberikan pelatihan dan pendampingan terkait standar penggunaan air laboratorium. Metode yang digunakan meliputi observasi awal, pelatihan interaktif, penyusunan SOP, serta evaluasi melalui pre-test dan post-test. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan peningkatan pemahaman teknis sebesar 50%, peningkatan praktik higiene, serta penerapan SOP yang sesuai standar USP dan WHO. Kegiatan ini juga mendorong perubahan budaya kerja dan kesadaran mutu di lingkungan laboratorium. Produk luaran seperti buku saku dan modul pelatihan mendukung keberlanjutan edukasi internal. Secara keseluruhan, kegiatan ini berkontribusi nyata terhadap peningkatan mutu pengujian mikrobiologi dan kesiapan laboratorium dalam menghadapi audit serta sertifikasi.
Isolation and Identification of Dermatophytes from Toenails and Interdigital Spaces of Students Using Czapek Yeast Extract Agar Savitri, Lisa; Ihsan, Kharisul; Krissanjaya, Rochmad; Kasimo, Elfred Rinaldo; Yanti, Novirma; Hilmi, Mochamad Hanif
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 14, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2025.142.795-798

Abstract

Dermatophytosis remains a common superficial fungal infection affecting nails and interdigital spaces, with Trichophyton rubrum and T. mentagrophytes as the predominant etiologic agents. The recent emergence of terbinafine-resistant T. indotineae has raised new challenges in diagnosis and treatment. Although Sabouraud Dextrose Agar is the conventional medium for fungal culture, alternative media such as Czapek Yeast Extract Agar (CYA) may provide additional advantages for dermatophyte isolation and morphological identification. This study aimed to isolate and identify dermatophytes from toenails and interdigital spaces of university students using CYA medium and to evaluate its applicability in dermatophyte culture. A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted among 100 university students aged 18–24 years. Specimens were collected from toenails (n = 60) and interdigital spaces (n = 40). Direct microscopy was performed using 20% KOH preparation. Samples were cultured on CYA supplemented with chloramphenicol and cycloheximide, and incubated at 28 ± 2 °C for up to 21 days. Fungal isolates were identified based on macroscopic and microscopic morphology. Data were analyzed descriptively, and associations were tested using the chi-square test. Fungal elements were detected in 65% of samples by KOH examination, and dermatophyte growth was confirmed in 52% of cultures. The most frequently isolated species were T. rubrum (28%) and T. mentagrophytes (18%). Notably, T. indotineae was detected in 5% of samples. No significant difference was found between toenail and interdigital isolates (p = 0.26). Dermatophytes are prevalent among university students, with T. rubrum as the dominant species. The detection of T. indotineae highlights its emerging role in young populations. CYA proved effective for dermatophyte isolation and may serve as an alternative culture medium in academic and diagnostic laboratories.
Effect of Ciprofloxacin Administration on Gastric Histopathological Changes in Mice Savitri, Lisa; Ihsan, Kharisul; Krissanjaya, Rochmad; Kasimo, Elfred Rinaldo; Yanti, Novirma; Hilmi, Mochamad Hanif
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 14, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2025.142.873-878

Abstract

Ciprofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic widely used in clinical and veterinary practice. While effective against a broad range of bacterial infections, several studies have reported potential adverse effects on the gastrointestinal tract, particularly the gastric mucosa. This study aimed to evaluate the histopathological changes in the gastric mucosa of mice following ciprofloxacin administration at different doses. A total of 24 male mice were randomly divided into four groups: control, low-dose ciprofloxacin, moderate-dose ciprofloxacin, and high-dose ciprofloxacin. Treatment was administered orally for 14 days. Gastric tissues were collected and examined histologically using hematoxylin-eosin staining. Histopathological analysis revealed dose-dependent mucosal alterations. The control group showed intact gastric architecture, while the low-dose group exhibited mild epithelial erosion. The moderate-dose group presented with mucosal disruption and inflammatory infiltration, and the high-dose group demonstrated severe ulceration, edema, and mucosal thinning. These findings indicate progressive gastric injury with increasing ciprofloxacin exposure. Ciprofloxacin administration induces dose-dependent gastric mucosal injury in mice, consistent with fluoroquinolone-related gastrointestinal toxicity. Caution is warranted in prolonged or high-dose therapy, and further studies are needed to explore the underlying mechanisms and potential gastroprotective interventions.
Onychomycosis in Students: An Overview of Nail Care Practices and Personal Hygiene Savitri, Lisa; Ihsan, Kharisul; Krissanjaya, Rochmad; Kasimo, Elfred Rinaldo; Yanti, Novirma; Hilmi, Mochamad Hanif
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 14, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2025.142.1015-1019

Abstract

Onychomycosis is a common nail disorder caused by dermatophytes, yeasts, and non-dermatophyte molds, with increasing prevalence among young adults. Poor nail care and personal hygiene habits are essential predisposing factors that contribute to infection. Despite its clinical relevance, data on onychomycosis in student populations remain limited. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 150 undergraduate students from the Faculty of Health Sciences, aged 18–25 years. Nail specimens were collected from individuals presenting with suspected onychomycosis. Direct microscopy was performed using a 20% potassium hydroxide (KOH) preparation, and samples were cultured on Sabouraud Dextrose Agar supplemented with chloramphenicol and cycloheximide. Fungal isolates were identified based on macroscopic and microscopic characteristics. Sociodemographic data, nail care habits, and hygiene practices were collected through structured questionnaires. Data were analyzed descriptively, and associations were assessed using chi-square tests. Onychomycosis was confirmed in 27 students (18%). Dermatophytes were the most frequent isolates, with Trichophyton rubrum (9%) and T. mentagrophytes (5%) predominating, followed by Candida albicans (3%) and Aspergillus spp. (1%). Risk factors significantly associated with infection included irregular nail trimming (p = 0.01), sharing of nail clippers (p = 0.03), and prolonged use of closed footwear (p = 0.02). No significant associations were observed with gender or age. Onychomycosis is prevalent among university students, with dermatophytes as the leading causative agents. Inadequate nail care and poor hygiene practices play a critical role in the occurrence of diseases. Health education and preventive interventions should be prioritized to reduce infection rates in young adults. Further studies employing molecular methods are recommended to refine species identification and improve epidemiological insights.
The Influence of Strain Type and Female Age on the Receptivity of Female Drosophila melanogaster in Homogamous Crosses Savitri, Lisa; Ihsan, Kharisul; Krissanjaya, Rochmad; Kasimo, Elfred Rinaldo
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 14, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2025.142.937-941

Abstract

Drosophila melanogaster is a widely used model organism in genetic research due to its short life cycle and the presence of many genes homologous to those found in humans. It plays an important role in studies related to genetic inheritance, gene interaction, sex determination, and developmental genetics. One key aspect of its reproductive biology is female receptivity—the willingness of a female to accept mating—which is influenced by various internal and external factors. External factors include environmental conditions such as temperature and humidity, as well as male courtship signals like wing vibrations and chemical cues. Internal factors are mainly related to the female's sexual maturity and mating status. Generally, female receptivity increases with age after eclosion, reaches a peak, and gradually declines. This study investigates the impact of strain type and female age on receptivity in homogamous crosses of D. melanogaster, using two mutant strains: dp (with a wing mutation) and wa (with an eye color mutation). Receptivity was measured by the presence or absence of F1 offspring following crosses between males and females of the same strain, with females tested at different ages ranging from 10 to 60 hours after eclosion. The results indicate that strain type does not have a significant effect on female receptivity. In contrast, female age plays a clear role: individuals aged 30 years and older were more receptive and more likely to produce offspring. No significant interaction was found between strain type and age. These findings suggest that female receptivity in D. melanogaster is more strongly influenced by sexual maturity (as indicated by age) than by genetic differences between strains.
Academic Stress and Blood Glucose Levels: A Correlational Study Among Medical Laboratory Technology Students Savitri, Lisa; Hilmi, Mochamad Hanif; Kasimo, Elfred Rinaldo; Krissanjaya, Rochmad; Ihsan, Kharisul
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 14, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2025.142.977-981

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by elevated blood glucose levels, often influenced by various physiological and psychological factors. One such factor is stress, particularly academic stress among university students. This study aims to explore the potential correlation between academic stress levels and random blood glucose levels among Medical Laboratory Technology (D.IV) students at Kadiri University. A cross-sectional, quantitative approach was used in this study. A total of 28 eligible students participated. Academic stress levels were assessed using the Perceived Sources of Academic Stress (PSAS) questionnaire, while random blood glucose levels were measured using spectrophotometric methods with glucose GOD FS reagents. Data were analyzed using the Pearson correlation test to determine the relationship between the two variables. The majority of students experienced moderate academic stress (71.43%), while the rest (28.57%) experienced high stress. No students reported low stress levels. Regarding blood glucose, 53.57% of participants had normal levels, and 46.43% had elevated levels. The Pearson correlation coefficient was 0.045 with a p-value of 0.819, indicating no statistically significant relationship between academic stress levels and blood glucose levels. Regression analysis also confirmed that while there was a slight positive trend (suggesting that higher stress may slightly raise glucose levels), the effect was negligible and not statistically significant. This study found no significant correlation between academic stress and random blood glucose levels among Medical Laboratory Technology students. Although stress may contribute to changes in glucose levels through hormonal mechanisms, other factors—such as diet, physical activity, and individual coping strategies—likely play a more substantial role. Interventions focusing on stress management, healthy lifestyle habits, and regular health monitoring are recommended to maintain both psychological well-being and metabolic health in students.
ANALYSIS OF KIDNEY HISTOPATHOLOGY IN SEPSIS MODEL OF MICE (MUS MUSCULUS) WITH PREVENTIVE TREATMENT OF LEAF EXTRACT FROM 'DAUN KENTUT' PLANT (PAEDERIA FOETIDA L.) AGAINST ESCHERICHIA COLI INFECTION Savitri, Lisa; Kasimo, Elfred Rinaldo; Krissanjaya, Rochmad; Sukmawati, Datin An Nisa; Juwita, Syntia Tanu; Kholis, Akbar Nur; Mosse1, Yosep
Jurnal Bioteknologi & Biosains Indonesia (JBBI) Vol. 10 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : BRIN - Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/jbbi.2023.2946

Abstract

Sepsis is a critical health concern characterized by organ dysfunction due to uncontrolled host reactions to infections. The prevalence of microorganisms causing sepsis varies, with Gram-positive bacteria and fungal sepsis gaining significance. Sepsis often leads to acute kidney injury (AKI), and its association with sepsis is known as sepsis-associated AKI (SA-AKI). The "Daun Kentut" plant, known for its diverse bioactive compounds, has shown potential in combating inflammation and oxidative stress. In this study, histopathological changes in mouse kidneys induced by Escherichia coli were investigated. Hemorrhage was the primary change observed. Dehydration caused by E. coli infection potentially led to kidney injury through hormonal responses. The plant extract's anti-inflammatory potential, attributed to compounds like saponins and flavonoids, was also explored. The study emphasizes the need for understanding sepsis-related kidney damage and suggests possible preventive strategies using natural compounds.
Co-Authors Alimansur, Moh Amanda, Cornelia Antoro, Ester Lianawati Datin An Nisa Sukmawati Faradita, Firda Fredenna Fendy Prasetyawan Fitri, Devi Nor Freitas, Maria Do Carmo Da Costa Hilmi, Mochamad Hanif Ihsan, Kharisul Juwita, Syntia Tanu Kadir, Mujtahid Bin Abd Kholis, Akbar Nur khusnul khotimah Loviana, Novi Mebung, Konradus Klala Mosse1, Yosep Muslikha, Iza Dwi Retnowati, Ana Rochmad Krissanjaya Sanjaya, Rochmad Kris savitri, Lisa Wulansari, Ida Septika Yanti, Novirma Yuneka Saristiana