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All Journal CAUCHY: Jurnal Matematika Murni dan Aplikasi JTAM (Jurnal Teori dan Aplikasi Matematika) Zero : Jurnal Sains, Matematika, dan Terapan Teorema: Teori dan Riset Matematika Jurnal Cendekia : Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika International Journal of Supply Chain Management FIBONACCI: Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika dan Matematika Jurnal Ilmiah Matematika dan Pendidikan Matematika (JMP) Jurnal Lebesgue : Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Matematika, Matematika dan Statistika International Journal of Business, Economics, and Social Development International Journal of Research in Community Services Operations Research: International Conference Series International Journal of Global Operations Research International Journal of Quantitative Research and Modeling International Journal of Ethno-Sciences and Education Research Euclid Jurnal Matematika Integratif In Search (Informatic, Science, Entrepreneur, Applied Art, Research, Humanism)
Riaman Riaman
Fakultas Matematika Dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Padjadjaran
Religion Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Arts Humanities Chemistry Computer Science & IT Control & Systems Engineering Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Engineering Environmental Science Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Mathematics Mechanical Engineering Physics Social Sciences Transportation Other

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Application of Black Scholes Method for Determining Agricultural Insurance Premiums Based on the Rainfall Index Using the Historical Burn Analysis Method Zahra, Ami Emelia Putri; Riaman, Riaman; Sukono, Sukono
International Journal of Global Operations Research Vol. 4 No. 1 (2023): International Journal of Global Operations Research (IJGOR), February 2023
Publisher : iora

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47194/ijgor.v4i1.209

Abstract

Indonesia is a tropical area where it often rains. Uncertain rainfall conditions can have an impact in the form of losses in agriculture, including for rice farmers. The total rice productivity in Indonesia, one of which is in Majalengka Regency, is thought to be quite high, so the losses will be significant. Therefore, it is necessary to make efforts to reduce the impact of losses experienced by farmers, one of which is through insurance programs in the agricultural sector. Rainfall index-based agricultural insurance provides protection to farmers in the form of capital assistance in the event of crop damage resulting in crop failure due to erratic rainfall. This study aims to calculate the agricultural insurance premium based on the rainfall index. The method used to calculate the premium is the Black-Scholes method, while the Historical Burn Analysis method is used to determine the rainfall index. The data used is rainfall data in Majalengka Regency in 2014–2021. The results showed that the premium price in Majalengka Regency depends on the value of the trigger obtained, with a price range between IDR 1,089,646.39 and IDR 1,266,213.02.
Determination of Credit Insurance Premium Due to Default Using the Black-Scholes-Merton Model Ramdhania, Tya Shafa; Riaman, Riaman; Sukono, Sukono
International Journal of Global Operations Research Vol. 4 No. 1 (2023): International Journal of Global Operations Research (IJGOR), February 2023
Publisher : iora

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47194/ijgor.v4i1.210

Abstract

Banks are vulnerable to the risk of bad credit or default because customers are unable to pay their debts. Risks that may occur in the future can be in the form of unexpected events and can be experienced by anyone, causing the loan to not be fully repaid. Therefore, it is necessary to have insurance to overcome risks due to default in protecting oneself from the risk of unexpected events, namely credit insurance. This study aims to calculate the premium price using the Black-Scholes-Merton model approach. The data used is arrears data of customers PD. Bank Perkreditan Rakyat (BPR) Artha Sukapura in 2003-2020. The data is compiled into a cumulative relative frequency distribution table, resulting in a number of random numbers. Based on the cumulative relative frequency distribution table, data simulation was determined using Monte Carlo. Based on the results of the analysis, the simulation data obtained by the standard deviation are relatively stable and lognormal distributed. Then pricing is done to determine the premium price from the sample data. From the results of the calculations in this study, a premium value of  was obtained for arrears of  with a loan of .
Comprative Analysis of Profitability Before and During The New Normal During Covid-19 Moisino, Misel Lindi; Parmikanti, Kankan; Riaman, Riaman
International Journal of Global Operations Research Vol. 4 No. 3 (2023): International Journal of Global Operations Research (IJGOR), August 2023
Publisher : iora

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47194/ijgor.v4i3.232

Abstract

The pandemic caused by the corona virus or what is often referred to as Covid-19 has a very big impact on Indonesia and even the whole world. Various aspects were affected including trade. The drastic decline in business profits caused by Covid-19 is not even a few businesses that have gone out of business. One of the affected businesses is PT OSATEX 2. This study aims to determine the difference in profitability in PT OSATEX 2 Company before and during the New Normal during the Covid-19 period. This research uses quantitative and qualitative types of research with the calculation of profitability ratios. The profitability ratios used are Return on Assets (ROA), Return on Equity (ROE), Net Profit Margin (NPM) and Gross Profit Margin (GPM). The data collection technique in this study is directly by analyzing the financial statements of the PT OSATEX 2 company during the period March 2020 – December 2021. The data analysis methods used are the Wilcoxon Non Parametik test and the Paired sample t-test with the help of Microsoft Office Excel 2019 and IBM SPSS. The result of the study was that there were differences in the value of Return on Assets (ROA) before and during the New Normal during the Covid-19 period, although there was no difference in the value of Return on Equity (ROE), Net Profit Margin (NPM) and Gross Profit Margin (GPM) before and during the New Normal during the Covid-19 period. There is a decrease in the ROA and ROE value indicating that the company PT OSATEX 2 has experienced negative developments while for NPM and GPM the company PT OSATEX 2 has increased, indicating that the company is experiencing positive developments with the New Normal situation.
Mean-Variance Optimal Portfolio Selection with Risk Aversion on Transportation and Logistics Sector Stocks Based on Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Putri, Aulya; Riaman, Riaman; Sukono, Sukono
International Journal of Quantitative Research and Modeling Vol 6, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Research Collaboration Community (RCC)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46336/ijqrm.v6i1.895

Abstract

The importance of the transportation and logistics sector to a country's economy, coupled with the growth of this sector in Indonesia, requires investment support for this sector to continue to grow. Therefore, stocks in the transportation and logistics sector are attractive for investment portfolio consideration. The optimal portfolio selection is to minimize the risk with the expected return. In the formation of an investment portfolio, the problem is how to determine the weight of capital allocation in order to get the maximum return while still considering the risk in each stock, by considering several criteria in decision making. This study was conducted to determine the best stock selection in the transportation and logistics sector listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange, and determine the optimal weight in the investment portfolio. The method used is Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM), namely Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) using 15 financial metrics as relevant criteria in stock selection. Furthermore, to determine the allocation weight to form an optimal stock portfolio using the Mean-Variance model with Risk Aversion. The stocks analyzed were 28 stocks in the transportation and logistics sector. The results of research based on MCDM selected 9 stocks, namely MITI, BIRD, HATM, TMAS, JAYA, PPGL, BPTR, ASSA, and RCCC. However, TMAS, PPGL, and BPTR stocks are not included in portfolio formation because they have a negative average return. Based on the optimization results, the allocation weights of the 6 stocks included in the optimal portfolio are BIRD (37.7%), JAYA (24.6%), MITI (12.9%), HATM (9.9%), ASSA (7.5%), and RCCC (7.4%). The results of this study are expected to be a consideration in making investment decisions.
Ruin Probability Model for Disaster Insurance Companies: A Systematic Literature Review Saefullah, Rifki; Riaman, Riaman; Sukono, Sukono
ZERO: Jurnal Sains, Matematika dan Terapan Vol 9, No 1 (2025): Zero: Jurnal Sains Matematika dan Terapan
Publisher : UIN Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30829/zero.v9i1.24371

Abstract

Ruin probability modelling is a crucial aspect for insurance companies that is very important and urgent to maintain the company's solvency. Ruin probability modelling helps identify insolvency risks, so companies can take timely preventive measures before it is too late. This research will present a systematic literature review (SLR) using a bibliometric analysis approach with the support of VOSviewer software, utilising the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) method. The data sources used in this study came from 3 databases, namely Scopus, ScienceDirect and Dimensions, which resulted in 9 articles relevant to the topic under study. The results identified research gaps that could be an opportunity for future exploration. This research is expected to provide academic and practical contributions in developing ruin risk mitigation strategies in disaster insurance companies facing natural disaster uncertainty.
Investment Portfolio Optimization Using Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) Based on Fama-French Three Factor Model on IDX High Dividend 20 Stocks Maharani, Asthie Zaskia; Susanti, Dwi; Riaman, Riaman
International Journal of Quantitative Research and Modeling Vol 6, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Research Collaboration Community (RCC)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46336/ijqrm.v6i2.978

Abstract

Stock investment is one of the investment options that provides both profit and risk for investors. In an effort to maximize profits and minimize risks, investors need an optimal portfolio. The optimal portfolio is a portfolio selected from a collection of efficient portfolios. To form an optimal portfolio, this study combines the Fama-French Three Factor Model (FF3FM) for stock selection and Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) for stock weight optimization in the portfolio. FF3FM considers more factors resulting in more comprehensive stock selection than other methods. While ACO has the ability to explore the solution space widely and efficiently, minimizing the risk of getting stuck on a local solution. The performance of the optimal portfolio is measured using the Sharpe Ratio which considers total risk, thus providing an overview of overall investment efficiency. The research object used is quarterly stock data on IDX High Dividend 20 from the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for the period 2020-2023. Of the 20 stocks, 12 stocks were selected that were consistently included in the index during the 2020-2023 period. By selecting stocks using the FF3FM method, 10 efficient stocks were selected, namely ADRO, ASII, BBCA, BBNI, BBRI, INDF, ITMG, PTBA, TLKM, and UNTR. Portfolio optimization using ACO produces a portfolio return of 0.0473 and a risk of 0.0257 with the weight of each ADRO stock of 6.90%, BBCA of 17.24%, BBNI of 10.34%, BBRI of 27.59%, INDF of 3.45%, ITMG of 27.59%, TLKM of 3.45%, and UNTR of 3.45%. The results showed that the integration of FF3FM and ACO was able to form a portfolio with optimal performance with a Sharpe Ratio value of 1.41868, which means that the portfolio return is greater than the portfolio risk.
Comparative Analysis of Normal Pension Benefits Using the Attained Age Normal Method and the Individual Level Premium Method Hukama, Atha; Parmikanti, Kankan; Riaman, Riaman
International Journal of Quantitative Research and Modeling Vol 6, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Research Collaboration Community (RCC)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46336/ijqrm.v6i2.946

Abstract

Pension programs are among the most important forms of employee compensation, offering financial security after retirement. This study aims to calculate the company’s initial payroll contributions to determine regular contributions, actuarial liabilities, and pension benefits using two actuarial projection methods: the Attained Age Normal (AAN) and Individual Level Premium (ILP) methods. The analysis is based on employee data from Puskesmas Binjai Estate, including age, salary, and years of service. It includes computations of pension benefits, normal costs, actuarial liabilities, and net benefits received by employees under each method. The results reveal that the length of service significantly affects both the value of contributions and the actuarial liabilities. Employees with longer service periods result in higher contribution requirements and greater liabilities. Moreover, the Attained Age Normal method produces higher pension benefits compared to the Individual Level Premium method for long-serving employees. However, both methods present financial challenges for employers, as they require higher contributions relative to the benefits promised. Consequently, companies must allocate substantial funding to meet their pension obligations. This study provides a comparative perspective that can assist decision-makers in selecting an actuarial method that balances benefit adequacy and financial sustainability.
Portofolio Optimization of Mean-Variance Model Using Tabu Search Algorithm with Cardinality Constraints Ma’mur, Lutfi Praditia; Riaman, Riaman; Sukono, Sukono
International Journal of Quantitative Research and Modeling Vol 6, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Research Collaboration Community (RCC)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46336/ijqrm.v6i2.1010

Abstract

Stock investment is increasingly attractive to Indonesians, especially through the IDX30 index, which is known to have high liquidity and solid company fundamentals. In forming an optimal stock portfolio, investors are faced with the challenge of maximizing return and minimizing risk simultaneously. An optimal portfolio is defined as a combination of assets that provides the highest expected return at a certain level of risk, or the lowest risk for the expected level of return. This study aims to form an optimal portfolio on the IDX30 index by considering cardinality constraints, which limit the maximum number of stocks in the portfolio. From 30 IDX30 stocks, 20 stocks were selected based on consistency of existence during the period February 1, 2023 to January 31, 2025. Next, 8 stocks that have positive expected return values are selected, and from these 8, 4 efficient stocks are selected using cardinality constraints. Selection is done with the Tabu Search algorithm, a memory-based metaheuristic optimization method used to find the best solution by avoiding previously explored solutions. The portfolio is formed using the Mean-Variance model, resulting in an allocation of BMRI (30,02%), PTBA (35,18%), INDF (2,48%), and BRPT (32,32%), with an expected return of 0,00207 and a variance of 0,001587.
Analysis of the French Five Factors Fama Model on Excess Return of Stocks Listed on IDXBUMN20 for the Period 2020-2023 Putri, Linda Damayanti; Riaman, Riaman; Sukono, Sukono
International Journal of Quantitative Research and Modeling Vol 6, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Research Collaboration Community (RCC)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46336/ijqrm.v6i2.966

Abstract

Excess return is the difference between the rate of return earned on an investment and the rate of risk-free return in a given period. This shows how much return is received because they are willing to take risks in investing. This study aims to analyze the Fama French Five Factor model on the excess return of stocks listed in IDXBUMN20 2020-2023 period. The factors in the model are market factors, size factors, book to market ratio, profitability, and investment. The population in this study amounted to 20 companies registered in the IDXBUMN20 index, the sample selection in this study used the purposive sampling method and a sample of 12 companies was obtained. The data used in the study are close price, number of shares outstanding, Bank Indonesia (BI) interest rate, and company financial statements. The analysis method used was the Common Effect Model (CEM) panel data regression analysis. Based on hypothesis testing, market factors were obtained which only had an effect on excess returns. This factor shows the influence of the ups and downs of market performance on the price of a stock.
Implementation of Simulated Annealing Algorithm for Portfolio Optimization in Jakarta Islamic Index (JII) Stocks with Mean-VaR Riadi, Nadia Putri; Riaman, Riaman; Sukono, Sukono
International Journal of Quantitative Research and Modeling Vol 6, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Research Collaboration Community (RCC)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46336/ijqrm.v6i2.1016

Abstract

One of the challenges for investors in the investment world is to manage the stock portfolio optimally. The main objective of portfolio optimization is to obtain maximum profit with a controlled level of risk. This study aims to find a portfolio combination that provides the best return with a more controllable risk than the conventional method, using Simulated Annealing. This research method applies the Mean-Value at Risk (Mean-VaR) approach in measuring portfolio performance and uses the application of the Simulated Annealing algorithm as an optimization method to determine the optimal investment weight on stocks in the Jakarta Islamic Index (JII), so as to obtain a portfolio with the best performance compared to a simple weighting strategy. The data used in this study is the daily closing price of stocks listed in the JII during the period January 3, 2022 - January 2, 2024. Based on the results and discussion, there are 7 stocks included in the formation of the optimal portfolio of JII index stocks, namely ADRO, ICBP, INKP, ITMG, MIKA, TPIA, and UNTR. The weight allocation of each stock generated by the Simulated Annealing method for the period is for ADRO shares 7,4177%; ICBP 1,7817%; INKP 7,3369%; ITMG 15,0006%; MIKA 2,5894%; TPIA 63,5506%; and UNTR 2,323%. The optimal portfolio of the Mean-VaR model with the Simulated Annealing method is generated when the risk tolerance is 0 (τ=0), with a return or return of 0,001923 and a VaR risk level of 0,029788. This approach is expected to be an alternative for investors in determining investment strategies based on Islamic stocks in Indonesia.
Co-Authors AGUS SUPRIATNA Aldino Reisnanda Alit Kartiwa Anang Muhajirin Andhita Zahira Adib Annisa Aprillia Ariyanti, Devi Arla Aglia Yasmin Ary Robayani Asthie Zaskia Maharani Atha Hukama Aulianda Anisa Putri S. R. Aulya Putri Ayyinah Nur Bayyinah Azizah Rini Widyani Bayyinah, Ayyinah Nur Betty Subartini Betty Subartini Betty Subartini Betty Subartini Dewi Ratnasari Dwi Susanti Dwi Susanti Dwi Susanti Dwi Susanti Dwi Susanti Dwi Susanti Edi Kurniadi Emmanuel Parulian Sirait Estu Putri Dianti Ghazali, Puspa Liza Hasbullah, Soeryana Herlina Napitupulu Hidayana, Rizki Apriva Hukama, Atha Iin Irianingsih Jumadil Saputra Kahar, Ramadhina Hardiva kalfin Kalfin Kankan Parmikanti Khalilah Razanah Zakirah Komar Komar Laksito, Grida Saktian Linda Damayanti Putri Luki Setiawan Luki Setiawan Lutfi Praditia Ma’mur Maharani, Asthie Zaskia Ma’mur, Lutfi Praditia MIFTAAHUL JANNAH Moisino, Misel Lindi Nahda Nabiilah Noriszura Ismail Novianti, Saqila Pramudhita, Annisa Pryimak, Evgen Putri Adhira Novalia Putri Chaerunnisa Febryanti Putri, Aulya Putri, Linda Damayanti Qurrotu Aini Radya Pratiwi Serila Raharjanti, Amalia RAHMAWATI, SEPTI Ramdhania, Tya Shafa Ratih Kusumadewi Riadi, Nadia Putri Riza Adrian Ibrahim Saefullah, Rifki Silvia Wijaya Soeryana Hasbullah Subartiny, Betty Sudartianto Sudartianto Sukono Sukono Supian, Sudradjat Susanto, Sunarta Sya’imaa.HS, Audrey Ariij Tika Fauzia Tyrenia Rahmawati Ulfatmi, Ristifani Vimelia, Willen Wahid, Alim Jaizul Waway Tiswaya Widyani, Azizah Rini Willen Vimelia Yasir Salih Yasmin, Arla Aglia Yeremia Herry Parulian Yeremia Herry Parulian, Yeremia Herry Yudhi Andriyana Yulianus Brahmantyo Zahra, Ami Emelia Putri