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Journal : Journal of Language and Literature

Backchannel as a Listener’s Consideration Behavior: Politeness Strategy of Japanese Native Speakers in Interaction Lisda Nurjaleka
Journal of Language and Literature Vol 21, No 2 (2021): October
Publisher : Universitas Sanata Dharma

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (473.561 KB) | DOI: 10.24071/joll.v21i2.3056

Abstract

Japanese tend to deliver backchannel for being supportive and representing people’s interest in their interaction. Many linguists believed Backchannel as discourse markers that showed interlocutors’ negative faces and determined their social hierarchy position. Brown and Levinson’s (henceforth BL) politeness theory has been modified, criticized, and applied to all languages globally. This research aims to know whether the BL politeness theory can explain Backchannel as a consideration behavior. Furthermore, we investigate the position, situation, and the relation between the speaker listener in a conversation. The primary data are a data corpus of 30 minutes’ length of 15 natural conversations. The age of the target is between the ‘20s to ‘40s. We also compare and analyze the situation from a first-timer conversation, a conversation between friends, and a hierarchical relationship. This study will help understand the relation between speaker and listener or whether Backchannel is considered a consideration behavior. Consideration is one act to shows politeness to the interlocutors. The result shows that Japanese people use different Backchannel according to the partner he/she speaks. When the interlocutors meet for the first time or have a higher position, they mostly use the polite form. They also consider the relationship, the interlocutor's gender, and age. This finding shows that the Japanese use Backchannel as a consideration to maintain the interlocutor's face.
Virtual Linguistic Landscape During Post-Covid 19 in Haneda Airport Public Space Putri, Indika; Nurjaleka, Lisda; Afifah, Muthi
Journal of Language and Literature Vol 24, No 1 (2024): April
Publisher : Universitas Sanata Dharma

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24071/joll.v24i1.6736

Abstract

The virtual linguistic landscape was a study that investigated texts that existed in the public space and were done virtually. Haneda Airport had a policy of creating linguistic landscape signs for visitors during the post-COVID-19 situation. This study aimed to examine the use of language, actors, and categories of linguistic landscape signs. There were 888 landscape linguistic signs as the objects in this study. The data was taken with screenshots of sign images from a Haneda Airport-related video uploaded on YouTube. The collection methods were done by using the techniques of observation and documentation. This study used a qualitative descriptive method by applying the linguistic landscape theory of Landry and Bourhis. The result showed that multilingualism with the composition of Japanese-English-Chinese Korean was widely used in the linguistic landscape of Haneda Airport’s public space. Meanwhile, the category of public signs dominates the linguistic landscape signs, keeping with Haneda Airport’s status as a public space. Airport public authorities (top-down) often made public signs and place names using multilingual and bilingual. In contrast, private actors (bottom-up) mostly make commercial shop signs and advertising billboards using monolinguals.