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All Journal Journal of Indonesian Legal Studies Lex Scientia Law Review Jurnal Suara Hukum Indonesian Journal of Criminal Law Studies
Bhanu Prakash Nunna
School of Law, RV University
Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice

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Illegal Online Loans in Indonesia: Between the Law Enforcement and Protection of Victim Angkasa Angkasa; Filep Wamafma; Ogiandhafiz Juanda; Bhanu Prakash Nunna
Lex Scientia Law Review Vol 7 No 1 (2023): Law, Justice, and Development: Theories and Practices in Indonesia and Global Con
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/lesrev.v7i1.67558

Abstract

The phenomenon of online loans in Indonesia is becoming increasingly prevalent, accompanied by the proliferation of online loan provider services. However, this growth has also led to numerous instances of fraudulent practices within the online lending sector. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of law enforcement and victim protection in cases of illegal online lending in Indonesia by comparing relevant laws and regulations. The findings of this study reveal that illegal online loans have severe consequences, resulting in victims suffering from material loss, psychological distress, physical harm, and social ramifications. Unfortunately, the current state of law enforcement falls short of delivering justice to the victims, as evidenced by the leniency of sentences imposed on offenders.
Development of a Restitution Model in Optimizing Legal Protection for Victims of Human Trafficking in Indonesia Angkasa Angkasa; Rani Hendriana; Filep Wamafma; Ogiandhafiz Juanda; Bhanu Prakash Nunna
Journal of Indonesian Legal Studies Vol 8 No 1 (2023): Contemporary Issues on Indonesian Legal Studies: Capturing Law and Development in
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jils.v8i1.67866

Abstract

This study aims to develop a model for the effective implementation of restitution criminal sanctions against individuals involved in trafficking in persons. The findings of this research hold strategic significance in terms of providing legal protection to victims and enhancing the concept of restitution. The study focuses on evaluating the effectiveness of imposing restitution sanctions on traffickers through judicial decisions in Indonesia. By employing a sociological juridical approach, this research examines legal norms and court rulings pertaining to prosecutors' charges against individuals involved in trafficking crimes. The analysis of these judicial decisions reveals that out of the cases reviewed, only seven included restitution sanctions, and none of the perpetrators fulfilled their restitution obligations. Instead, the offenders prioritized serving prison sentences over compensating the victims. Consequently, it is essential for prosecutors to prioritize the prosecution of perpetrators under the Law on the Eradication of Criminal Acts of Individuals. Furthermore, judges should consider utilizing the Law on the Eradication of Non-Criminal Persons and emphasizing imprisonment as an alternative to restitution.
Legal Protection for Child Sexual Violence Victims: Victimology Perspectives, Challenges, and Policy Solutions in Asia Indah Sri Utari; Ubaidillah Kamal; Diandra Preludio Ramada; Benny Sumardiana; Bhanu Prakash Nunna
Jurnal Suara Hukum Vol. 8 No. 1 (2026): Jurnal Suara Hukum
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26740/jsh.v8n1.p40-77

Abstract

This study critically examines the implementation and effectiveness of legal protection mechanisms for child victims of sexual violence across selected Asian-majority countries. While many nations in the region have ratified international conventions (such as the CRC) and enacted specialized domestic legislation, the reality of enforcement is often undermined by socio-cultural dynamics and systemic weaknesses. Employing a victimology framework, this research analyzes the factors contributing to revictimization and the specific challenges faced by children navigating the criminal justice system within contexts characterized by strong familial hierarchy, community privacy norms, and prevalent gender biases. The study identifies three core implementation challenges common across the region: 1) the pervasive influence of stigma and victim-blaming rooted in traditional values, leading to underreporting and case withdrawal; 2) procedural inadequacies within law enforcement and judicial sectors, resulting in non-trauma-informed practices and secondary harm; and 3) the failure to effectively deliver restitution and holistic rehabilitation services due to funding gaps and lack of integrated inter-agency cooperation. Drawing upon comparative case analysis, this paper proposes alternative solutions that are culturally sensitive yet legally robust. Key recommendations include implementing mandatory specialized judicial training focused on child psychology and trauma-informed interviews, establishing state-funded victim compensation and rehabilitation schemes independent of criminal prosecution outcomes, and promoting community-level restorative justice initiatives that prioritize the child's well-being over solely punitive measures. Ultimately, this study advocates for a paradigm shift from a purely punitive legal response to a comprehensive, victim-centered approach tailored to the unique societal structures of Asian-majority countries.
Community Service Order in Indonesia: Between Alternatives and Transformation in the Reconstruction of the Penal System Didik Purnomo; Anis Widyawati; Bhanu Prakash Nunna; Rasdi Rasdi; Muhammad Azil Maskur
IJCLS (Indonesian Journal of Criminal Law Studies) Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026): Indonesia J. Crim. L. Studies (May, 2026)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/ijcls.v11i1.34493

Abstract

The integration of community service orders into the national criminal justice system indicates a shift away from a punitive approach dominated by incarceration toward the use of non-custodial sanctions more oriented toward rehabilitation and social reintegration. Nevertheless, studies systematically linking normative constructions, institutional readiness, and the community's role in their implementation remain relatively limited. This study aims to analyze the normative construction and institutional readiness for the application of community service as a substitute for short-term imprisonment, and to assess its consistency with criminal justice reform in Indonesia. This study uses a normative juridical method with a legislative and comparative approach, through an analysis of national legal regulations and practices in several countries that have institutionalized community service orders. The results of the study show that although the normative framework is relatively comprehensive, its implementation effectiveness is greatly influenced by the consistency of judges' decisions, the readiness of the supervision and guidance system, and the level of collaboration between law enforcement officers and the community. The main challenge lies in the limitations of probation infrastructure and the tendency of a still prison-oriented penal culture. This study offers an innovation in the form of an integrative framework that links normative design, institutional capacity, and social participation as prerequisites for effective implementation. Thus, community service orders can be understood not only as an alternative to imprisonment but also as a policy instrument that can support the development of a penal system that is more proportional, rehabilitative, and oriented towards social reintegration.
Co-Authors Angkasa Angkasa Anis Widyawati Benny Sumardiana Diandra Preludio Ramada Didik Purnomo Filep Wamafma Hendriana, Rani Indah Sri Utari Muhammad Azil Maskur Ogiandhafiz Juanda Ogiandhafiz Juanda Rasdi - Ubaidillah Kamal