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Journal : Journal of Tropical Soils

Changes of Soil Properties on Various Ages of Rubber Trees in Dhamasraya, West Sumatra, Indonesia Syafrimen Yasin; . Adrinal; . Junaidi; Erick Wahyudi; Silvia Herlena; . Darmawan
JOURNAL OF TROPICAL SOILS Vol 15, No 3: September 2010
Publisher : UNIVERSITY OF LAMPUNG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5400/jts.2010.v15i3.221-227

Abstract

Changes of Soil Properties on Various Ages of Rubber Trees in Dhamasraya, West Sumatra, Indonesia (S Yasin, Adrinal, Junaidi, E Wahyudi, S Herlena and Darmawan): Although rubber has been planted in Indonesia from Holland era, but there is little information about the effect of rubber plantation on the rate of land degradation in Indonesia.  In order to examine the effect of rubber tree (Hevea brasiliansis) ages on land degradation status, a series experiment was done in Dhamasraya district as the main contributor of natural rubber in West Sumatra, Indonesia. Study site divide  into forest (A), crab grass (B), and rubber plantation with ages ranged from 1 (C), 5 (D), 10 (E), 15 (F) and 20 (G) years were selected as study sites and soil samples had been taken from each site, where forest soil  was used as a control. The result proved that the age of rubber tree has strongly affected physical and chemical properties of soil. Organic carbon and total nitrogen content decreased from 3.02%, 2.66%, 1.96%, in site A, B and C, and then increased to 2.33% and 2.49% in site D and E, respectively. This result was opposed with bulk density (BD) value of each site. The highest BD found in site C (1.26 g cm-3), followed by site D, E, B and A with 1.24, 1.14, 1.12 and 0.88 g cm-3, respectively. The similar pattern was also found for selected chemical properties of soil. Soil pH, available phosphorous, exchangeable base cations, cation exchange capacity and base saturation was likely to decrease from 1 to 10 years old plantation and then increased close the natural condition (reflected by forest soil) at 20 years old rubber tree. Since most of plantation was conversed from natural forest, this phenomenon might be because of contribution of organic matter from original condition and addition of fertilizer at the beginning of plantation establishment.
Leaching Behaviour of Nitrogen in Forage Rice Cultivation that Applied with Animal Manure . Gusmini; Kazuyuki Nishimura; . Adrinal; Tomio Itani
JOURNAL OF TROPICAL SOILS Vol 18, No 3: September 2013
Publisher : UNIVERSITY OF LAMPUNG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5400/jts.2013.v18i3.209-216

Abstract

Increased use of N fertilizer may substantially increase of nitrate nitrogen (NO3-N) leaching, which potentially pollutes groundwater.  Leaching behaviour of nitrogen (N) was observed in the paddy field of forage rice cultivation. Two kinds of animal manure, cattle manure (CM) and poultry manure (PM) at 5 levels of N application (0, 70, 140, 210, 280 kg N ha-1) as the organic N sources, and without any chemical fertilizers. “Tachisuzuka” forage rice variety was conducted in the experimental plot. Porous ceramic cups were installed in triplicate of each treatment at 45 cm depth to collect the percolation water samples during the cultivation rice periods. The concentration of total N, NH4-N, NO2-N and NO3-N of water (surface and percolation) and soil sample solution were analysed using a Hach DR/2800 spectrophotometer. Result showed that NO3-N leaching was higher than NH4-N in the percolation water during the cultivation of forage rice periods. The highest NO3-N leaching was found in 280 kg N ha-1 (6.3 mg L-1), that it was indicated on the polluted levels. The highest of biomass production was in N280 (16.22 t ha-1) and nearly similar result in N140, N210 and N280. It was concluded that the best application of N-fertilizer in 140 kg N ha-1 because it greatly enhanced N-fertilizer efficiency, and decreased steadily of NO3-N concentration leaching in the environment of the groundwater.Keywords: Ammonium (NH4-N), Forage rice, N behavior, Nitrate (NO3-N), N leaching[How to Cite: Gusmini, K Nishimura, Adrinal, and T Itani. 2013. Leaching Behaviour of Nitrogen in Forage Rice Cultivation that Applied with Animal Manure. JTrop Soils 18 (3): 209-216. Doi: 10.5400/jts.2013.18.3.209][Permalink/DOI: www.dx.doi.org/10.5400/jts.2013.18.3.209]REFERENCESAgrawal GD, SK Lunkad and T Malkhed. 1999. Difusse agricultural nitrate pollution of groundwater in India. Water Sci Technol 20: 67-75.Asada K, T Nishimura, C Kato, K Toyota and M Hosomi. 2013. Phyto-purification of livestock-derived organic waste by forage rice under subtropical climate. Paddy Water Environ 11: 559-571.Kamiji Y and T Sakuratani. 2011. Analysis of Optimum Spikelet Number and Plant N in Rice at Tanazawa Paddy Field. J Agric Sci 56: 93-102.Kato H. 2008. Development of rice varieties for whole crop silage (WCS) in Japan. JARQ 42: 231-236.Keeney DR. 1982. Nitrogen management for maximum efficiency and minimum pollution. In: Stevenson FJ (ed). Nitrogen in Agricultural Soils. Agron. Monogr. 22. ASA, CSSA, and SSSA, Madison. Wisc,  pp 605-649.Kumazawa K. 2002. Nitrogen fertilization and nitrate pollution in groundwater in Japan: Present status and measures for sustainable agriculture. Nutr Cyc Agroecocyst 63: 129-137.Kyaw KM, K Toyota, M Okazaki, T Motobayashi and H Tanaka. 2005. Nitrogen balance in a paddy field planted with whole crop rice (Oryza sative cv. Kusahonami) during two rice-growing seasons. Biol Fertil Soils 42: 72-82.Liu GD, WL Wu and S Zhang. 2005. Regional differentiation of non-point source pollution of agriculture-derived nitrate nitrogen in groundwater in northern China. Agric Ecosys Environ. 107: 211-220.Matsushita K, S Iida, O Ideta, Y Sunohara, H Maeda, Y Tamura, S Kouno and M Takakuwa. 2011. “Tachisuzuka”, a new rice cultivar with high straw yield and high sugar content for whole-crop silage use. Breeding Sci 61: 86-92.Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (MAFF). 2013. Recent situation and research of rice for whole crop silage in Japan. Accessed 18 August 2013.Ookawa T, K Yasuda, H Kato, M Sakai, M Seto, K Sunaga, Motobayashi, S Tojo and T Hirasawa. 2010. Biomass production and lodging resistance in ‘Leaf Star’, a new long-culm rice forage cultivar. Plant Prod Sci 13: 58-66.Okajima H and H Imai. 1973. Nutrient supplying power of soils. II. Contribution of mass flow to the nutrient supply in flooded rice fields. Jpn J Soil Sci Plant Nutr 44: 296-300. Sahu SK and PK Samant. 2006. Nitrogen loss from rice soil in Orissa. Orissa Review. India. Sakai M, S Iida, H Maeda, Y Sunohara, H Nemoto and T Imbe. 2003. New rice varieties for WCS use in Japan. Breed Sci 53: 271-275.Sakai M, M Okamoto, K Tamura, R Kaji, R Mizobuchi, H Hirabayashi, T Yagi, M Nishimura and S Fukaura. 2008. “Tachiaoba”, high yielding rice variety for whole crop silage. Breed Sci 58: 83-88.Suprapti H, M Mawardi and D Shiddieq. 2010. Nitrogen transport and distribution on paddy rice soil under water efficient irrigation method. Paper Presented on International Seminar of ICID, Yogyakarta. Indonesia. Toriyama K and H Ishida. 1987. Method of estimating time of NH4-N disappearance in paddy field by soil solution analysis. Jpn J Soil Sci Plant Nutr 58: 747-749.Wang MY, MY Siddiqi, TY Ruth and ADM Glass. 1993. Ammonium uptake by rice roots. II. Kinetic of 13NH4+ influx across the plasmalemma. Plant Physiol 103: 1259-1267.Wang JY, SJ Wang and Y Chen. 1995. Leaching loss of nitrogen in double-rice-cropped paddy fields in China. Acta Agricul Zhejiangensis 7: 155-160.Zhu JG, Y Han, G Liu, YL Zhang and XH Shao. 2000. Nitrogen in percolation water in paddy fields with a rice/wheat rotation. Nutr Cycl Agroecosyst 57: 75-82.Zhuo S and M Hosomi. 2008. Nitrogen transformations and balance in a constructed wetland for nutrient polluted river water treatment using forage rice in Japan. Ecol Eng 32: 147-155.Zhuo S, H Iino, S Riya, M Nishikawa, Y Watanabe and M Hosomi. 2011. Nitrogen transformations in paddy field applied with high load liquid cattle waste. J Chem Engin Jpn 44: 713-719.
Assessing the Impact of Terra Preta from Rice Husk on Soil, Rice Plant Growth, and Yield in the System of Rice Intensification (SRI) Adrinal, Adrinal
JOURNAL OF TROPICAL SOILS Vol 30, No 3: September 2025 (in Progress)
Publisher : UNIVERSITY OF LAMPUNG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5400/jts.2025.v30i3.%p

Abstract

The practice of intensive rice field cultivation and the excessive application of chemical fertilizer often lead to issues such as a gradual decline in soil quality and fertility, as well as enviromental pollution. By employing Tetadi as ameliorant technology and adopting SRI cultivation techniques, it is hoped that we can mitigate the negative effects on rice fields. This study was aimed to examine the effect of Tetadi on physical properties of paddy soil, growth, and rice yield on SRI method. The experiments were conducted in paddy fields in Pasar Ambacang, Kuranji, Padang city, and the experimental were application of Tetadi A=0 tons/ha, B=5 tons/ha, C= 10 tons/ha, D= 15 tons/ha, E= 20 tons/ha. The data were compared to the criteria of soil physical properties and plant data were statistically analysed for the variance. The results showed that the change has an insignificant impact on soil physical properties, yet decrease BD by 28.2%; increase SOM by 18.55%; TRP by 13.7%, moisture content 5.6%; permeability by 34.2%, and PAT by 20%. Application of 20 tons/ha Tetadi increased number of productive saplings 52.65% as well as the yield by 69.46% compared to the treatment without Tetadi application.
Changes of Soil Properties on Various Ages of Rubber Trees in Dhamasraya, West Sumatra, Indonesia Yasin, Syafrimen; Adrinal, .; Junaidi, .; Wahyudi, Erick; Herlena, Silvia; Darmawan, .
JOURNAL OF TROPICAL SOILS Vol. 15 No. 3: September 2010
Publisher : UNIVERSITY OF LAMPUNG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5400/jts.2010.v15i3.221-227

Abstract

Changes of Soil Properties on Various Ages of Rubber Trees in Dhamasraya, West Sumatra, Indonesia (S Yasin, Adrinal, Junaidi, E Wahyudi, S Herlena and Darmawan): Although rubber has been planted in Indonesia from Holland era, but there is little information about the effect of rubber plantation on the rate of land degradation in Indonesia.  In order to examine the effect of rubber tree (Hevea brasiliansis) ages on land degradation status, a series experiment was done in Dhamasraya district as the main contributor of natural rubber in West Sumatra, Indonesia. Study site divide  into forest (A), crab grass (B), and rubber plantation with ages ranged from 1 (C), 5 (D), 10 (E), 15 (F) and 20 (G) years were selected as study sites and soil samples had been taken from each site, where forest soil  was used as a control. The result proved that the age of rubber tree has strongly affected physical and chemical properties of soil. Organic carbon and total nitrogen content decreased from 3.02%, 2.66%, 1.96%, in site A, B and C, and then increased to 2.33% and 2.49% in site D and E, respectively. This result was opposed with bulk density (BD) value of each site. The highest BD found in site C (1.26 g cm-3), followed by site D, E, B and A with 1.24, 1.14, 1.12 and 0.88 g cm-3, respectively. The similar pattern was also found for selected chemical properties of soil. Soil pH, available phosphorous, exchangeable base cations, cation exchange capacity and base saturation was likely to decrease from 1 to 10 years old plantation and then increased close the natural condition (reflected by forest soil) at 20 years old rubber tree. Since most of plantation was conversed from natural forest, this phenomenon might be because of contribution of organic matter from original condition and addition of fertilizer at the beginning of plantation establishment.
Leaching Behaviour of Nitrogen in Forage Rice Cultivation that Applied with Animal Manure Gusmini, .; Nishimura, Kazuyuki; Adrinal, .; Itani, Tomio
JOURNAL OF TROPICAL SOILS Vol. 18 No. 3: September 2013
Publisher : UNIVERSITY OF LAMPUNG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5400/jts.2013.v18i3.209-216

Abstract

Increased use of N fertilizer may substantially increase of nitrate nitrogen (NO3-N) leaching, which potentially pollutes groundwater.  Leaching behaviour of nitrogen (N) was observed in the paddy field of forage rice cultivation. Two kinds of animal manure, cattle manure (CM) and poultry manure (PM) at 5 levels of N application (0, 70, 140, 210, 280 kg N ha-1) as the organic N sources, and without any chemical fertilizers. “Tachisuzuka” forage rice variety was conducted in the experimental plot. Porous ceramic cups were installed in triplicate of each treatment at 45 cm depth to collect the percolation water samples during the cultivation rice periods. The concentration of total N, NH4-N, NO2-N and NO3-N of water (surface and percolation) and soil sample solution were analysed using a Hach DR/2800 spectrophotometer. Result showed that NO3-N leaching was higher than NH4-N in the percolation water during the cultivation of forage rice periods. The highest NO3-N leaching was found in 280 kg N ha-1 (6.3 mg L-1), that it was indicated on the polluted levels. The highest of biomass production was in N280 (16.22 t ha-1) and nearly similar result in N140, N210 and N280. It was concluded that the best application of N-fertilizer in 140 kg N ha-1 because it greatly enhanced N-fertilizer efficiency, and decreased steadily of NO3-N concentration leaching in the environment of the groundwater.Keywords: Ammonium (NH4-N), Forage rice, N behavior, Nitrate (NO3-N), N leaching[How to Cite: Gusmini, K Nishimura, Adrinal, and T Itani. 2013. Leaching Behaviour of Nitrogen in Forage Rice Cultivation that Applied with Animal Manure. JTrop Soils 18 (3): 209-216. Doi: 10.5400/jts.2013.18.3.209][Permalink/DOI: www.dx.doi.org/10.5400/jts.2013.18.3.209]REFERENCESAgrawal GD, SK Lunkad and T Malkhed. 1999. Difusse agricultural nitrate pollution of groundwater in India. Water Sci Technol 20: 67-75.Asada K, T Nishimura, C Kato, K Toyota and M Hosomi. 2013. Phyto-purification of livestock-derived organic waste by forage rice under subtropical climate. Paddy Water Environ 11: 559-571.Kamiji Y and T Sakuratani. 2011. Analysis of Optimum Spikelet Number and Plant N in Rice at Tanazawa Paddy Field. J Agric Sci 56: 93-102.Kato H. 2008. Development of rice varieties for whole crop silage (WCS) in Japan. JARQ 42: 231-236.Keeney DR. 1982. Nitrogen management for maximum efficiency and minimum pollution. In: Stevenson FJ (ed). Nitrogen in Agricultural Soils. Agron. Monogr. 22. ASA, CSSA, and SSSA, Madison. Wisc,  pp 605-649.Kumazawa K. 2002. Nitrogen fertilization and nitrate pollution in groundwater in Japan: Present status and measures for sustainable agriculture. Nutr Cyc Agroecocyst 63: 129-137.Kyaw KM, K Toyota, M Okazaki, T Motobayashi and H Tanaka. 2005. Nitrogen balance in a paddy field planted with whole crop rice (Oryza sative cv. Kusahonami) during two rice-growing seasons. Biol Fertil Soils 42: 72-82.Liu GD, WL Wu and S Zhang. 2005. Regional differentiation of non-point source pollution of agriculture-derived nitrate nitrogen in groundwater in northern China. Agric Ecosys Environ. 107: 211-220.Matsushita K, S Iida, O Ideta, Y Sunohara, H Maeda, Y Tamura, S Kouno and M Takakuwa. 2011. “Tachisuzuka”, a new rice cultivar with high straw yield and high sugar content for whole-crop silage use. Breeding Sci 61: 86-92.Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (MAFF). 2013. Recent situation and research of rice for whole crop silage in Japan. Accessed 18 August 2013.Ookawa T, K Yasuda, H Kato, M Sakai, M Seto, K Sunaga, Motobayashi, S Tojo and T Hirasawa. 2010. Biomass production and lodging resistance in ‘Leaf Star’, a new long-culm rice forage cultivar. Plant Prod Sci 13: 58-66.Okajima H and H Imai. 1973. Nutrient supplying power of soils. II. Contribution of mass flow to the nutrient supply in flooded rice fields. Jpn J Soil Sci Plant Nutr 44: 296-300. Sahu SK and PK Samant. 2006. Nitrogen loss from rice soil in Orissa. Orissa Review. India. Sakai M, S Iida, H Maeda, Y Sunohara, H Nemoto and T Imbe. 2003. New rice varieties for WCS use in Japan. Breed Sci 53: 271-275.Sakai M, M Okamoto, K Tamura, R Kaji, R Mizobuchi, H Hirabayashi, T Yagi, M Nishimura and S Fukaura. 2008. “Tachiaoba”, high yielding rice variety for whole crop silage. Breed Sci 58: 83-88.Suprapti H, M Mawardi and D Shiddieq. 2010. Nitrogen transport and distribution on paddy rice soil under water efficient irrigation method. Paper Presented on International Seminar of ICID, Yogyakarta. Indonesia. Toriyama K and H Ishida. 1987. Method of estimating time of NH4-N disappearance in paddy field by soil solution analysis. Jpn J Soil Sci Plant Nutr 58: 747-749.Wang MY, MY Siddiqi, TY Ruth and ADM Glass. 1993. Ammonium uptake by rice roots. II. Kinetic of 13NH4+ influx across the plasmalemma. Plant Physiol 103: 1259-1267.Wang JY, SJ Wang and Y Chen. 1995. Leaching loss of nitrogen in double-rice-cropped paddy fields in China. Acta Agricul Zhejiangensis 7: 155-160.Zhu JG, Y Han, G Liu, YL Zhang and XH Shao. 2000. Nitrogen in percolation water in paddy fields with a rice/wheat rotation. Nutr Cycl Agroecosyst 57: 75-82.Zhuo S and M Hosomi. 2008. Nitrogen transformations and balance in a constructed wetland for nutrient polluted river water treatment using forage rice in Japan. Ecol Eng 32: 147-155.Zhuo S, H Iino, S Riya, M Nishikawa, Y Watanabe and M Hosomi. 2011. Nitrogen transformations in paddy field applied with high load liquid cattle waste. J Chem Engin Jpn 44: 713-719.
Assessing the Impact of Terra Preta from Rice Husk on Soil, Rice Plant Growth, and Yield in the System of Rice Intensification (SRI) Adrinal, Adrinal; Gusmini; Putri, Elsa Lolita; Kasim, Musliar; Aprilia Herman, Violin Enghel
JOURNAL OF TROPICAL SOILS Vol. 30 No. 3: September 2025
Publisher : UNIVERSITY OF LAMPUNG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5400/jts.2025.v30i3.189-200

Abstract

The practice of intensive rice field cultivation and excessive chemical fertilizer use often leads to gradual declines in soil quality and fertility, as well as environmental pollution. By employing Tetadi as an ameliorant technology and adopting SRI cultivation techniques, we can mitigate the adverse effects on rice fields. This study aimed to examine the effects of Tetadi soil ameliorant on the physical properties of paddy soil, growth, and rice yield using the SRI method. The experiments were conducted in paddy fields in Pasar Ambacang, Kuranji, Padang city. Tetadi soil ameliorant was applied at A=0, B=5, C=10, D=15, and E=20 t ha-1. Data on soil physical properties and plants were statistically analysed using ANOVA. The results showed that the change has an insignificant impact on soil physical properties, yet decreases BD (Bulk Density) by 28.2%; increases SOM (Soil Organic Matter) by 18.55%; TPS (Total Pore Space) by 13.7%, moisture content by 5.6%, permeability by 34.2%, and Available Water Pores (AWT) by 20%—application of 20 Mg ha-1. Tetadi increased the number of productive saplings by 52.65% and yield by 69.46% compared to the treatment without Tetadi application.