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All Journal CHEMPUBLISH JOURNAL Al-Kimia Jurnal SOLMA Communications in Science and Technology JMM (Jurnal Masyarakat Mandiri) Journal of Appropriate Technology for Community Services Jurnal Abdimas Kartika Wijayakusuma Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Jurnal Pengabdian Kesehatan Beguai Jejama NAWASENA: Journal of Community Service
Remi Ayu Pratika
Program Studi Kimia, Fakultas Matematika Dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Palangka Raya
Aerospace Engineering Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Humanities Automotive Engineering Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Computer Science & IT Control & Systems Engineering Dentistry Education Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Engineering Health Professions Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Mathematics Mechanical Engineering Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health Social Sciences Veterinary Other

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Journal : CHEMPUBLISH JOURNAL

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Synthesis of Sulfated and CaO-Modified UiO-66 Bifunctional Catalysts from Zircon Sand for Conversion of Waste Cooking Oil Pasaribu, Marvin Horale; Agnestisia, Retno; Pratika, Remi Ayu; Toepak, Erwin Prasetya; Karelius , Karelius
Chempublish Journal Vol. 10 No. 1 (2026): Chempublish Journal
Publisher : Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Jambi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22437/chp.v10i1.49575

Abstract

Zircon-based UiO-66 metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) were synthesized from Central Kalimantan zircon sand and modified into bifunctional catalysts for two-step biodiesel production from waste cooking oil (WCO). Zirconium oxychloride (ZrOCl₂·8H₂O), obtained via acid leaching of zircon sand, served as the precursor for solvothermal UiO-66 synthesis using terephthalic acid (H₂BDC) as a linker. Post-synthetic modifications yielded sulfated UiO-66 (UiO-66/SO₄) as an acid catalyst and CaO-modified UiO-66 (UiO-66/CaO) as a base catalyst. XRD analysis displayed sharp reflections at 2θ = 7.4°, 8.5°, 25.8°, and 30.8° for UiO-66, with additional peaks at 17.7°, 33.8°, and 46.8° corresponding to CaO and Ca(OH)₂ phases, and a new band at 1114 cm-1 confirming sulfate incorporation—indicating successful formation of acid–base composite structures. Catalytic tests were conducted at varying catalyst loadings of 0.25%, 0.5%, and 0.75%. The UiO-66/SO₄ catalyst achieved the highest esterification efficiency at 0.5% loading, reducing the free fatty acid (FFA) content by 51.7%. Similarly, UiO-66/CaO exhibited optimum transesterification activity at 0.5% loading, yielding 61.82% biodiesel. FTIR spectra of the products confirmed fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) formation with characteristic C=O (1744 cm-1), C–O (1165, 1031 cm-1), and CH₃ (1456 cm-1) vibrations. These results demonstrate that zircon-sand-derived UiO-66 catalysts possess excellent structural stability, synergistic acid–base functionality, and strong catalytic efficiency, providing a sustainable pathway for biodiesel production from waste cooking oil
Co-Authors Ahmad Suseno Andra Ari P., Eko Marwanto Heru Mulyantoro Dwi Hermayantiningsih Ansori Rahman Ayu Andhita, Naswa Cahyani, Risfiah Diah Ayu Pramoda Wardani Eddy Heraldy Elya Resha, Enjel Erwin Prasetya Toepak Hakim, Muh. Supwatul Hanasia , Hanasia Hermayatiningsih, Dwi I Nyoman Sudyana Iqmal Tahir Kalalinggi, Septaria Yolan Karelius , Karelius Karna Wijaya Komara, Nisa Kartika Lukman Hakim Marvin Horale Pasaribu Mokhamat Ariefin Nafisah, Zahrotun Ni'mah, Fatchiyatun Oh, Won-Chun Oksal, Efriyana Pratiwi, Endah Yusma Retno Agnestisia Riana Dewi, Syahrani Riandy Putra Sari, Meiyanti Ratna Kumala Saviola, Aldino Javier Setyono, Risandrika Dwijayanti Putri Siti Unvaresi Misonia Beladona Wahyuningsih Manurung, Tety Yolan Kalalilinggi, Septaria Ysrafil, Ysrafil