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All Journal Buletin Agrohorti POSITRON Journal of Tropical Crop Science Agro Bali: Agricultural Journal
Suhartanto, Muhammad Rahmad
Department Of Agronomy And Horticulture, Faculty Of Agriculture, IPB University, Jalan Meranti Road, Bogor 16680, Indonesia
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Energy Physics

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Journal : Journal of Tropical Crop Science

 1 
Application of Rapid Multiplication Technique Using Mini Cutting and NPK Compound Fertilizer to Increase Production of Sweet Potato Cuttings (Ipomoea batatas L.) Ni Kadek Ema Sustia Dewi; M. Rahmad Suhartanto; Suwarto Suwarto
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol. 7 No. 03 (2020): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.7.03.162-170

Abstract

Rapid Multiplication Technique (RMT) is a technique used to produce large scale cuttings of sweet potato in a short period by using mini cuttings and proper fertilizer management. The research was carried out from October 2019 to March 2020 and composed of two experiments The first experiment involved a randomized complete block design, with clones (“Ase Kapas” and “Ase Merah”) as the first factor, and tuber weight (150 ± 25 g, 250 ± 25 g, and 350 ± 25 g) as the second factor. The second experiment was arranged in a split-plot design involving different doses of NPK compound fertilizer (as main plot) and different source of cuttings (as subplots). The different doses included NPK 16:16:16 at 100 kg.ha-1 (0.3 g per polybag), 200 kg.ha-1 (0.6 g per polybag), 300 kg.ha-1 (0.9 g per polybag), and without fertilizer as control. The source of cuttings were from the tip, middle and bottom stem of the plants. Results showed that the “Ase Kapas” showed the highest number and the longest shoots, number of nodes, and length of vines. Additionally, tuber weight of ± 350 g produced the highest number of shoots. When it comes to NPK compound fertilizer treatment, a dose of 0.9 g per polybag increased cutting production in “Ase Kapas”, and also responded better to fertilizer treatment. On the other hand, dose of 0.3 g increased cutting production in “Ase Merah”. “Ase Kapas” produced more cuttings from the middle stem, whereas “Ase Merah” produced more cuttings from the . The application of RMT in “Ase Kapas” produced cuttings with ratio of 1:31, which is higher than those in “Ase Merah” with a ratio of 1:17.
Harvesting Criteria and Drying Methods to Improve the Quality of Foxtail Millet Seeds (Setaria italica L. Beauv.) Putri Aulia Lainufar; Abdul Qadir; M. Rahmad Suhartanto; Sintho Wahyuning Ardie
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol. 8 No. 03 (2021): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.8.03.168-176

Abstract

Foxtail millet is annual grasses with grains that are smaller than those of sorghum, rice, and wheat, and is considered one of the minor economic crops but with nutritional values similar to other major food crops. The development of millet as major cereal crop is considered challenging due to the low quality of its seeds, and studies have been conducted to improve millet’s seed quality. We conducted this study to determine the harvesting criteria of foxtail millet seeds based on the change in color of the panicles. We also wanted to determine the drying treatment, and evaluate the relationship between the position of the seed on the panicles and the seed viability and vigor. The first experiment was arranged based on a completely randomized design with panicle color as the first factor (green, yellow 75%, and brown) and drying time as the second factor (0 hours, 24 hours, 48 hours, 72 hours). The second experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design with seed position as the main factor (base, middle, tip). The study was conducted on two genotypes of millet, i.e. “BOTOK 4” and “BOTOK 10”. The highest seed quality of “BOTOK 4” and “BOTOK 10” genotypes were obtained when the panicles were brown and dried for 72 hours; the seed chlorophyll content was the lowest and water content was 8.88%, with the highest viability and vigor, i.e., germination rate of 88.3%-90%, maximum growth potential of 92%-95.3%, normal sprout dry weight 596-620 mg, vigor index of 33.6% - 21.6%, and growth rate of 18.2%-17.1% etmal-1. The highest seed viability and vigor in “BOTOK 4” genotypes were obtained from the base position, i.e., 78.7% germination rate, maximum growth potential of 83.7%, vigor index of 56.5%, growth speed of 19.6 etmal-1, normal sprout dry weight of 48 mg, radicle length of 3.3 cm) and “BOTOK 10” genotypes from the middle position with 91.5% germination, maximum growth potential of 97.2%, vigor index of 21.7%, growth speed of 17.0% etmal-1, and normal sprout dry weight 61 mg.
Development of Rapid Vigor Test Using Urine Sugar Analysis Paper for Soybean (Glycine max L.) Seeds Jean D’amour Rukundo; M. Rahmad Suhartanto; Satriyas Ilyas
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol. 9 No. 01 (2022): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.9.01.22-30

Abstract

Seed vigor is an essential parameter of seed quality. It plays a critical value in the decision-making for the seeds to be used in agronomic and horticultural crops. The urinary sugar analysis paper (USAP) test determines seed vigor based on leakage concentration from the seed and corresponding color change of the USAP, which are obtained after soaking the seeds in water. This research was conducted from January 2021 to November 2021, intending to develop a rapid soybean vigor test using USAP, and it was composed of two experiments. Soybean seeds of the Biosoy1 variety were obtained from ICABIOGRAD (Indonesian Center for Agricultural Biotechnology and Genetic Resource Research and Development). The seeds consisted of three different levels of seed lots (low, medium, and high viability with 35%, 64%, and 94% germination percentages, respectively). The first experiment was to determine moisture content and soaking period for the USAP seed vigor test. It was arranged in a completely randomized design with one factor as the combination of three seed lots, two levels of seed moisture content (10-12% and 13-14%), and four levels of the soaking period (0, 6, 8, and 10 hours). The second experiment was the optimization of the soaking period by seed number. It was arranged in a completely randomized design with one factor, which was combinations of three seed lots, three levels of seed numbers (50, 75, and 100 seeds), and the soaking period (four levels as 0, 6, 8, and 10 hours). The data were analyzed statistically by the Minitab package. The result showed that both combinations of 10-12% and 13-14% moisture content with the soaking period of 10 hours effectively differentiated the three seed lots into three vigor levels using USAP. Experiment 2 optimized the soaking period from 10 hours to 8 hours by using 100 seeds. The USAP color change was effectively significant to indicate seed lot vigor levels, mainly based on protein leakage concentration on USAP. The color changes from pale yellow-green for higher vigor seed lot to light greenish-blue for low vigor. The USAP was effective for the soybean vigor test for the seed lot with 10-14% moisture content by soaking 100 seeds into 50 ml of distilled water for 8 hours. The USAP is a promising rapid vigor test method but still needs to be developed further.
Ultrafine Bubbles Water priming to improve viability and vigor of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) seeds Yuni Nurfiana; M. Rahmad Suhartanto; Endah Retno Palupi; Y. Aris Purwanto
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol. 10 No. 01 (2023): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.10.1.8-16

Abstract

Priming is a physiological technique of hydration of seed to improve metabolic processes before germination to accelerate germination and seedling growth under normal and stress conditions. This research is aimed to study the pretreatment using ultra-fine bubble (UFB) water to increase viability and vigor of seeds before planting (pre-planting) and during storage (pre-storage). This research was conducted at the Laboratory of Seed Quality Testing, IPB University, Indonesia. The research consisted of two experiments, i.e., UFB water priming to increase viability and vigor of bean seeds and its storability after priming. The first experiment was arranged using a completely randomized design with a combination of seed lot treatments (L1: initial germination percentage (GP) about 80%, L2: initial GP around 70%, and L3: initial GP around 60%) with priming (P0: no priming/control, P1: soaked in distilled water for 60 minutes, P2: distilled water for 120 minutes, P3: 8 ppm UFB water for 60 minutes, P4: 8 ppm UFB water for 120 minutes, P5: 20 ppm UFB water for 60 minutes, P6: UFB water 20 ppm for 120 minutes). The second experiment was arranged using a nested design with the main factor being the condition of the storage room and priming as the second factor nested in the main factor. The storage room condition factors consisted of KM: room conditions (temperature 28±5˚C, RH 73±7%) and AC: air-conditioned room (18±2 ̊C, RH 61±7%). The priming factor consisted of two levels, namely P0: without priming and P1: priming with 20 ppm UFB water soaked for 120 minutes. The results showed that priming treatment with UFB water 20 ppm for 120 minutes as a pre-planting treatment can increase the viability of bean seeds, particularly for seeds with low initial viability, and primed bean seeds with an initial viability of approximately 80% were able to retain their viability for 16 weeks of storage in an air-conditioned room.
Co-Authors Ade Wachjar Agus Purwito Akhiruddin Maddu Annisa Nursoleha Ayomi Ida Ramadhanti Candra Budiman Chandra Wijaya Endah Retno Palupi Eny Widajati Hafidz Ade Wirianto Imas Galuh Anjani Jean D’amour Rukundo Luluk Prihastuti Ekowahyuni Memen Surahman Muhammad Syukur Ni Kadek Ema Sustia Dewi Nurhati Atikah Putri Aulia Lainufar Qadir, Abdul Satriyas Ilyas Setiawan, Asep S Sintho Wahyuning Ardie Sobir Sriani Sujiprihati Surjono Hadi Sutjahyo Suwarto Suwarto Taqiyyah, Izzatut Tisngatul Aliyah Y. Aris Purwanto Yuni Nurfiana