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All Journal ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Jurnal Kelautan : Indonesian Journal of Marine Science and Technology Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Feni Iranawati
Marine Science Study Program, Faculty Of Fisheries And Marine Sciences, Universitas Brawijaya
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Earth & Planetary Sciences

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Perbandingan Larutan NaCl dan K2CO3 Sebagai Media Pemisahan Densitas Mikroplastik Pada Sedimen Pantai Kondang Merak dan Pantai Goa Cina Galuh Dyah Pitaloka Hayyu; Dwi Nurjanatin Arifianti; Defri Yona; Feni Iranawati; Syarifah Hikmah Julinda Sari
Jurnal Kelautan Vol 17, No 1: April (2024)
Publisher : Department of Marine Sciences, Trunojoyo University of Madura, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21107/jk.v17i1.21898

Abstract

ABSTRAKSalah satu tahapan dalam analisis mikroplastik adalah proses pemisahan partikel mikroplastik dari sampel untuk memudahkan proses identifikasi. Pada penelitian ini digunakan larutan NaCl dan K2CO3 yang memiliki densitas berbeda, yaitu masing-masing 1,18 g/cm3 dan 1,43 g/cm3. Larutan NaCl dan K2CO3 memiliki densitas yang lebih tinggi daripada rata-rata mikroplastik yang ditemukan (0.9-1.4 g/cm3), oleh karena itu kedua larutan ini dipilih dalam proses pemisahan densitas. Sampel yang digunakan adalah sampel sedimen Pantai Goa Cina dan Pantai Kondang Merak. Kedua pantai ini dipilih sebagai lokasi pengambilan sampel karena reputasinya sebagai pantai wisata dan berpotensi terhadap pencemaran mikroplastik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk membandingkan efektivitas penggunaan larutan NaCl dan K2CO3 dalam proses pemisahan densitas mikroplastik serta menganalisis hasil persentase jenis mikroplastik yang ditemukan. Secara keseluruhan terdapat 11 sampel yang terdiri dari lima sampel sedimen dari pantai Goa Cina dan enam sampel sedimen dari Pantai Kondang Merak. Sampel kemudian dikeringkan dan direndam pada masing-masing larutan NaCl dan K2CO3. Supernatant yang terbentuk dalam proses ekstraksi kemudian disaring menggunakan vacuum pump dan kertas whatman untuk diamati partikel mikroplastiknya menggunakan mikroskop. Kedua pantai menunjukkan hasil yang serupa, yaitu didominasi oleh mikroplastik berbentuk fiber. Hasil ekstraksi dengan menggunakan K2CO3 menunjukkan lebih banyak fragmen yang ditemukan dibandingkan dengan hasil ekstraksi dengan menggunakan NaCl. Mikroplastik dalam bentuk pellet hanya ditemukan pada ekstraksi menggunakan larutan K2CO3 pada sampel sedimen Pantai Kondang Merak. K2CO3 lebih mahal daripada NaCl, namun hasil ekstraksi menunjukkan bahwa mikroplastik yang terekstraksi dengan K2CO3 lebih banyak dibandingkan yang terekstraksi dengan NaCl. Kata Kunci: Densitas, Fiber, Fragmen, Pencemaran, WisataABSTRACTOne of the stages in microplastic analysis is the process of separating microplastic particles from the sample to facilitate the identification process. This study used NaCl and K2CO3 solutions used with the density of 1.18 g/cm3 and 1.43 g/cm3 respectively. NaCl and K2CO3 solutions have higher densities than the average microplastics (0.9-1.4 g/cm3) therefore these two solutions were used in the density separation process. The samples used were sediments from Goa Cina Beach and Kondang Merak Beach. Both beaches were chosen as sampling locations because of the reputation of their beauty which make it popular tourist destination. This study will serve as a reference to investigate the abundance of microplastics in the tourist beach of Malang. The purpose of this study is to compare the use of NaCl and K2CO3 solutions in the density separation process, starting from the cost required, materials needed, and the extraction results. Five samples were taken from Goa Cina beach and six samples from Kondang Merak Beach. The sediment samples taken then dried and immersed in the extraction solution, the supernatant formed in the extraction process was then filtered using a vacuum pump and wattman paper to be observed using a microscope. Both beaches showed similar results with fiber-shaped microplastics being the most common. The results of extraction using K2CO3 showed that more fragments were found than the results of extraction using NaCl. Microplastics in the form of pellets were only found in the extraction using K2CO3 solution in Kondang Merak Beach sediment samples. The price of K2CO3 is more expensive than NaCl, but the extraction results showed that microplastics extracted with K2CO3 are more abundant than those extracted with NaCl.Keywords: Density, Fiber, Fragment, Pollution, Tourism
Changes in Pelagic Fisheries Composition in Relation to Climate Change: A Case Study of Prigi Waters, East Java Yanida Azhari Julianinda; Feni Iranawati; Defri Yona; Zulfan Khaidar; Aida Sartimbul
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 31, No 1 (2026): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ik.ijms.31.1.15-25

Abstract

The variability of Sea Surface Temperature (SST) and chlorophyll-a distribution in the southern waters of East Java is heavily influenced by the Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) phenomenon. This study examines oceanographic parameter variability, their relationship with the IOD from 2003 to 2014, and fishing dynamics in the southern waters of East Java, particularly at PPN Prigi. Data utilized include SST and chlorophyll-a from Aqua-MODIS satellites, the Dipole Mode Index (DMI), and 12 years of fish production records. The analysis reveals significant fluctuations in SST and chlorophyll-a, with a strong inverse relationship (correlation: –0.677), where chlorophyll-a concentrations rise as SST decreases. Positive IOD events reduce SST, while negative IOD events increase SST, with correlations of –0.591 for SST and IOD and 0.601 for chlorophyll-a and IOD. During the positive IOD events of 2006–2008, SST decreased, leading to increased fish production. Conversely, the negative IOD in 2010 raised SST, contributing to a decline in fish stocks. Over the 12-year period, a notable increase in Bali Sardinella and skipjack production was observed, despite a sharp decrease in 2010 caused by higher SST levels. This study highlights the importance of understanding the interactions between SST, chlorophyll-a, and IOD in developing sustainable fisheries management strategies. These insights can support efforts to optimize fish resource utilization, mitigate the impacts of climate variability, and ensure long-term fisheries productivity in the southern waters of East Java, particularly for strengthening adaptive resource planning within climate-sensitive pelagic ecosystems and supporting informed decision-making for regional fisheries policies and sustainable blue-growth initiatives.
Microplastic Abundance in The Flesh, Gills, and Stomachs of Pelagic Fish in Muncar Water, Banyuwangi, East Java Sonia Putri Maulidya; Syarifah Hikmah Julinda Sari; Mochamad Arif Zainul Fuad; Feni Iranawati; Sabine Matallana-Surget; Aida Sartimbul
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 30, No 4 (2025): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ik.ijms.30.4.557-573

Abstract

The accumulation of microplastics in fish has become a significant concern in Muncar Waters, East Java, particularly in Bali sardinella (Sardinella lemuru) and scad (Decapterus sp.), which are two of the main catch commodities. Fish samples were collected from local fishermen and analyzed in the laboratory using microscopic techniques to identify and classify microplastic particles based on type and color.  A total of 1,322 microplastic particles were detected across all samples, with the highest abundance in the flesh (39.86%), followed by gills (31.01%) and stomachs (29.12%). Fragments were the dominant microplastic type (76.70%), while fibers (15.58%) and films (6.73%) occurred in lower proportions.Purple-colored particles were the most abundant (57.75%), followed by red (11.72%) and transparent (9.00%) microplastics., indicating it is the most contaminated species. This condition is likely due to the degradation of plastic materials, which enter the marine environment through various anthropogenic activities, including improper waste disposal, fishing gear degradation, and industrial runoff. This study highlights the need for improved waste management, stricter regulations, and community awareness to mitigate marine plastic pollution, contributing to the achievement of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 2, 12, 14, and 15. The findings emphasize the urgent need for enhanced waste management practices, stricter regulations on plastic pollution, and increased public awareness regarding the risks of microplastic contamination. The research underscores the significance of consuming safe and nutritious food, promoting ocean conservation, encouraging responsible plastic consumption, and preserving marine biodiversity. Further investigation is necessary to understand the long-term effects of microplastic accumulation in fish and the related risks to the food chain, particularly in human health implications and ecological sustainability.
Genetic and morphological analysis of complex Giuris group species from Limboto Lake, Gorontalo Province, Indonesia ARAFIK LAMADI; AKHSAN FIKRILLAH PARICAHYA; FENI IRANAWATI; MAHENO SRI WIDODO; DEWA GEDE RAKA WIADNYA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 10 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d241002

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Abstract. Lamadi A, Paricahya AF, Iranawati F, Widodo MS, Wiadnya DGR. 2023. Genetic and morphological analysis of complex Giuris group species from Limboto Lake, Gorontalo Province, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 5223-5233. Wallacea, especially Sulawesi, has a high endemism level with genuine biodiversity for mammals, reptiles, freshwater, and brackish fishes. Fish biodiversity in Limboto Lake, a great natural lake of Gorontalo Province, Indonesia, still needs to be scientifically explored, in contrast with its utilization for human activities that have anthropogenic effects on their ecosystem. Eleotridae is a taxonomical complex to their identification and distributed well in Sulawesi, including Limboto Lake with genus Giuris, known locally as hulu'u fish. Ambiguous identification in Giuris margaritaceus morphologically causing misidentification in molecular analysis, including using Cytochrome Oxidase subunit I (COI) region's information. Giuris specimens from Limboto Lake were collected from June 2022 until May 2023. From 662 individuals, length and weight relationship analysis results showed the population is mildly positive allometric (W= 0.11TL3.08). Meristic measurement result (D1 VI; D2 I.8-9; A I.9; P 14-16; V I.5; C 13-14) directing to G. margaritaceus with several small differences. COI analysis using six random specimens of the Limboto Lake population, comparing with four population from NCBI and BOLD System identified as G. margaritaceus or its synonym Ophieleotris aporos, indicating all populations is separated species from one another with P-distances more than 2% and made separated groups in phylogenetic tree and haplotype network. Misidentification issues in the Giuris margaritaceus taxonomical name for all five populations indicate they're potentially separated into five different species, with or without including Giuris margaritaceus, and potentially from currently described species or being new species in the future. Limboto Lake population made three haplotypes with high haplotype diversity (0.733) and low nucleotide diversity (0.001), indicating this population is facing high stressors and starting to grow. Understanding Giuris ambiguities could help governments, researchers, conservationists, and other stakeholders to mapping the ecological priorities.
Population and distribution patterns of juvenile scleractinian corals in Sempu Island Nature Reserve, East Java, Indonesia ANDIK ISDIANTO; SYAFRIAL YANUAR ISHAQ; ADE YAMINDAGO; FENI IRANAWATI; ADI TIYA YANUAR; LISA NUR HIDAYAH; KRISTINA MARSELA; WIRASTIKA ADHIHAPSARI; TRI DJOKO LELONO; AULIA LANUDIA FATHAH; DINI ATIKAWATI; BERLANIA MAHARDIKA PUTRI; NOVAR KURNIA WARDANA; SUPRIYADI SUPRIYADI; OKTIYAS MUZAKY LUTHFI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 10 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d251010

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Abstract. Isdianto A, Ishaq SY, Yamindago A, Iranawati F, Yanuar AT, Hidayah LN, Marsela K, Adhihapsari W, Lelono TD, Fathah AL, Atikawati D, Putri BM, Wardana NK, Supriyadi, Luthfi OM. 2024. Population and distribution patterns of juvenile scleractinian corals in Sempu Island Nature Reserve, East Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 3480-3490. Coral reefs, which play a vital role in tropical marine ecosystems, are threatened by anthropogenic and natural stressors, despite their important ecological and economic roles. This study examines the resilience of coral ecosystems through the lens of juvenile coral populations at Floating House Beach, which is part of the Sempu Island Nature Reserve, East Java, Indonesia. Using the Underwater Photo Transect (UPT) method along a 100-meter reference line with a 1 × 1-meter transect, our study found that coral cover was severely damaged, with live coral cover of only 18.67% and 17.61% at two observation stations, which was dominated by the life form CM (Coral Massive) at both stations. However, twelve juvenile coral genera were identified that showed potential for natural recovery, namely Acropora, Favia, Favites, Galaxea, Leptoseris, Montipora, Mycedium, Platygyra, Pocillopora, Porites, Stylophora, and Turbinaria. Juvenile coral densities were low, at 0.55 and 0.88 colonies/m², indicating a very low coral recruitment category with Pocillopora being the most common. Spatial distribution, analyzed using the Morisita Index, showed a predominantly clumped arrangement (Ip>0), indicating non-random aggregation of juveniles. The results of this study highlight the significant impact of environmental stressors on juvenile coral communities and underscore the urgent need for targeted conservation efforts to support coral resilience and recovery.
Genetic of stranded Dugong dugon (Müller 1776) in the Java Sea, Indonesia, through COX1-based DNA barcoding CITRA SATRYA UTAMA DEWI; SLAMET WAHYUDI; HAGUS TARNO; DEWA GEDE RAKA WIADNYA; FENI IRANAWATI; SUKANDAR SUKANDAR; ANIK MARTINAH; LALU M. IQBAL SANI; BEGINER SUBHAN; SEKAR MIRA HERANDARUDEWI; ELOK FAIQOH; GATOT CIPTADI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 26 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d260244

Abstract

Abstract. Dewi CSU, Wahyudi S, Tarno H, Wiadnya DGR, Iranawati F, Sukandar, Martinah A, Sani LMI, Subhan B, Herandarudewi SM, Faiqoh E, Ciptadi G. 2025. Genetic of stranded Dugong dugon (Müller 1776) in the Java Sea, Indonesia, through COX1-based DNA barcoding. Biodiversitas 26: 951-962. The dugong (Dugong dugon (Müller 1776)), an endangered herbivorous marine mammal, is listed as the Red List of the IUCN and CITES Appendix I. Considering its protected categorizing, its population is persistently decreasing globally, particularly in Indonesia, accordingly requiring significant conservation measures. This study aimed to assess the conservation status of the species, analyze the morphology, morphometry, and genetic profile of stranded dugongs, and evaluate surrounding seagrass meadows. Fieldwork undertaken in February, March, and September 2023 concentrated on stranded dugongs, gathering morphological, morphometric, and genetic data, in addition to surveying seagrass habitats using satellite photography. Morphological observations encompassed 14 criteria, whilst tissue samples from pectoral fins were utilized for genetic profiling by phylogenetic analysis. Geographic coordinates identified stranded dugongs, whereas seagrass regions were assessed with Sentinel-2 data and QGIS. The results indicated that genetic investigation verified the species' strong affinity with populations in the Java Sea and New Zealand, with more divergence from dugongs in Kerala, India. The seagrass beds adjacent to the dugongs' habitat ranged from 0.21 to 16.68 hectares within a larger network of 55.38 to 85.35 hectares, underscoring their potential as a protection zone. These findings underscore the essential link between dugong conservation and seagrass ecosystem conservation, making it clear that both aspects are interconnected and necessitate combined protection methods.
Length-based population dynamics of the horseshoe crab Tachypleus gigas and management implications for shrimp fisheries in Kotabaru Waters, South Kalimantan, Indonesia Ledhyane Ika Harlyan; Yogho Faiz Riadha; Muhammad Arif Rahman; Alvina Maharani; Feni Iranawati; Wahida Kartika Sari; Prawira Atmaja Tampubolon
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 31, No 3 (2026): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ik.ijms.31.3.229-242

Abstract

Shrimp fisheries in Kotabaru, South Kalimantan, represent an integral part of Indonesia’s small-scale coastal fishing sector, primarily operating with trammel nets. While targeting penaeid shrimp, these fisheries frequently capture non-target species such as the horseshoe crab (Tachypleus gigas), resulting in incidental bycatch. Despite their ecological significance, localized management frameworks and monitoring efforts for T. gigas populations remain insufficient, particularly in data-limited fisheries. This study assessed the stock status of T. gigas in Kotabaru waters using a length-based approach. A total of 234 individuals, representing the size fraction vulnerable to trammel nets, were sampled between December 2024 and March 2025, of which 105 females were used for gonad maturity analysis. Key biological parameters were estimated, including the length–weight relationship, length at first maturity ( cm), and length at first capture ( cm, to support a length-based spawning potential ratio (LB-SPR) analysis. Results showed that T. gigas exhibits negative allometric growth ( ), indicating faster increase in length relative to weight. The estimated Lc was below the L50, indicating that the catch is dominated by immature individuals. The LB-SPR model estimated a spawning potential ratio (SPR) of 14%, falling below the 20% limit reference point, which indicates recruitment overfishing. These findings highlight the vulnerability of horseshoe crabs to bycatch pressure and underline the need for improved fisheries management. Recommended measures include enhancing gear selectivity, implementing seasonal closures during spawning periods, and strengthening bycatch monitoring to support sustainable shrimp fisheries in Kotabaru waters. This study demonstrates the utility of the LB-SPR framework for assessing non-target bycatch species in data-limited conditions, providing a baseline for localized conservation strategies.
Co-Authors Ade Yamindago ADI TIYA YANUAR Aida Sartimbul Aida Sartimbul Akhsan Fikrillah Paricahya Alvina Maharani ANDIK ISDIANTO ANIK MARTINAH Arafik Lamadi AULIA LANUDIA FATHAH Beginer Subhan BERLANIA MAHARDIKA PUTRI CITRA SATRYA UTAMA DEWI Defri Yona Defri Yona DEWA GEDE RAKA WIADNYA DINI ATIKAWATI Dwi Nurjanatin Arifianti ELOK FAIQOH Galuh Dyah Pitaloka Hayyu GATOT CIPTADI Hagus Tarno KRISTINA MARSELA LALU M. IQBAL SANI Ledhyane Ika Harlyan Lisa Nur Hidayah MAHENO SRI WIDODO Mochamad Arif Zainul Fuad Muhammad Arif Rahman NOVAR KURNIA WARDANA OKTIYAS MUZAKY LUTHFI Prawira Atmaja Tampubolon Sabine Matallana-Surget SEKAR MIRA HERANDARUDEWI SLAMET WAHYUDI Sonia Putri Maulidya SUKANDAR SUKANDAR SUPRIYADI SUPRIYADI SYAFRIAL YANUAR ISHAQ Syarifah Hikmah Julinda Sari Syarifah Hikmah Julinda Sari TRI DJOKO LELONO Wahida Kartika Sari Wirastika Adhihapsari Yanida Azhari Julianinda Yogho Faiz Riadha Zulfan Khaidar