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DIVERSITY AND POTENCY MARINE BACTERIA AS SOURCE OF ANTIBIOTIC COMPOUNDS TOWRDS BACTERIA PATHOGEN Khairillah, Yuyun Nisaul; Pratama, Kharisma; Fitriagustiani, Fitriagustiani; Ramanda, Galih Dwiki; Khoirillah, Fanni; Jagad, Nur Jati; Jais, Suriadi
Jurnal Keperawatan dan Kesehatan Vol 14 No 1 (2023): Jurnal Keperawatan dan Kesehatan
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Keperawatan Muhammadiyah Pontianak

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54630/jk2.v14i1.354

Abstract

Antibiotic resistance is a global problem in the health sector, which can be caused by the ease with which people can get antibiotics on the market, lack of supervision by the government regarding antibiotic consumption, inappropriate use of antibiotics, and excessive consumption of antibiotics in inappropriate communities. There is the potential for marine bacteria to produce secondary metabolite compounds, especially antibiotics, which generally come from various sources and substrates that associate with each other to produce secondary metabolites. The main substrate source for marine bacteria, known to produce secondary metabolite compounds as antibiotics, can come from sediments, sponges and seaweed. Several types of diversity of marine bacteria associated with sediment that have been identified include Aeromonas veronii, Arthrobacter sp, Bacillus sp, Chryseobacterium sp, Citrobacter freundii, Enterobacter cloacea, Flavobacterium sp, Microbacterium sp, Streptomyces tunisiensis, Streptomyces sp, Streptomyces microflavus, Stenotrophomonas sp, Pristia flexa, and Pseudomonas sp. This type of bacteria, Streptomyces sp, has the most potential activity as a new type of antibiotic. Data shows that the diversity of deep-sea bacteria producing active compounds from various substrate sources can be used as candidates for new types of antibiotics to overcome the existing level of antibiotic resistance.
Molecular Characteristics of Geoffroy's Rousette Rousettus amplexicaudatus Based on Cytochrome C Oxidase Subunit I and Cytochrome b Genes Kamilah, Santi Nurul; Jarulis, Jarulis; Sitompul, Aida Fitriani; Mardiah, Mifta; Ervinda, Mira; Khoirillah, Fanni; Lestari, Fitri Dwi; Zulkani, Dinda
BIOEDUSCIENCE Vol 9 No 1 (2025): BIOEDUSCIENCE
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Prof. Dr. Hamka

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22236/jbes/15226

Abstract

Background: Rousettus amplexicaudatus is widely distributed across Indonesia, including the Suruman Cave in South Bengkulu. Due to similarities in morphology within the Rousettus group, identification can be challenging. We conducted a molecular analysis using COI and Cytochrome b genes from mitochondrial DNA to explore its genetic traits. DNA was extracted from the blood tissue of seven individuals from the Suruman Cave population, and gene amplification was performed with 20 bp primers. Sequence data were analyzed using MEGA XI software. Results: As a result, characteristics of the COI gene, which is 897 bp in length, were characterized by a high frequency of base pairs Adenine-Thymine (55.5%) and Guanine-Cytosine (44.5%), with the majority of the DNA sequence exhibiting a high degree of conservation sites (97.8%). The average intrapopulation genetic distance based on the COI gene was 0.77%, with four specific sites for R. amplexicaudatus Suruman Cave. The Cytochrome b gene, which is 635 bp long, is characterized by Adenine-Thymine base pairs of 53.7% and Guanine-Cytosine of 46.3%. Cytochrome b is more conserved than the COI (99.1%). The average intrapopulation genetic distance based on the Cytochrome b gene is 0.3% and has no population-specific sites. Conclusions: Both sequences showed a consistent pattern in phylogenetic tree analysis, which suggests the Suruman population is the group of R. amplexicaudatus. Therefore, these sequences can be proposed as molecular markers for R. amplexicaudatus, particularly when compared to the whole sequences of the COI and cytochrome b.