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Finite element method usage in determining pressure distribution of periodontal tissues on maxillary canine as result of orthodontic force Elih, E.; Hambali, Tono S.; Salim, Jono; Mardiati, Endah
Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry Vol 23, No 2 (2011): July
Publisher : Faculty of Dentistry Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia

The purpose of this study is to obtain data of pressure distribution on canine periodontal tissues due to the orthodontic force generated by various types of motion using the Finite Element Method. The development of digital technology creates a numerical analysis for orthodontic treatment that can be done by performing 3-D reconstruction by scanning the maxillary canine teeth with a CT scan so that 255 cross-sectional images is obtained. 3 D model is then processed using the Finite Element Method to obtain the pressure distribution on the periodontal tissues caused by tipping movements, bodily, torque, roots, rotation, and extrusion. The analysis used was the analysis of qualitative and quantitative analysis. The results showed that the maximum pressure that occurs in the periodontal tissues caused by a variety of movements ranging from 3.3 x 10-3MPa to 2.9 x 10-2 MPa. This indicates that the force exerted on each movement produces maximum pressure that exceeds capillary pressure was 2 x 10-3 MPa.

Relapse and retention after orthodontic treatment E., Elih
Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry Vol 27, No 3 (2015): November
Publisher : Faculty of Dentistry Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia

Orthodontic treatment results are potentially unstable that has a tendency to return to the former position. This is the so called relapses and therefore retention is necessary because the gingival and periodontal tissues are affected by orthodontic tooth movement and required time for reorganization when the appliances are removed. Retention is the prolonged dental detention that is done at the end of an orthodontic treatment with use of appliances designed for dental stabilization. The purpose of this paper is to explain the cause of relapse and a wide range to prevent relapse. The method used is based on literature. The conclusion is stabilizing treatment results with the retention procedure is an important part in orthodontic treatment. The patient must be given information about the implications of relapse and how to use the retainer, so that the patient can take responsibility for retention phase of treatment.

Nickel induced allergic contact stomatitis in treatment using fixed orthodontic appliance Elih, E.
Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry Vol 19, No 3 (2007): November
Publisher : Faculty of Dentistry Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia

Hypersensitivity towards the metals used in fixed orthodontic is sometimes seen in patients who receive orthodontic treatment with clinical symptoms found intraorally. Nickel is the metal that may cause sensitivity and often causes slow hypersensitivity reaction (immune response type IV) because nickel is the main component of orthodontic alloy. The allergic reaction is found in the form of oral inflammation triggered by the corrosion of orthodontic alloy. The allergic reaction is seen in the form of oral inflammation triggered by corrosion of orthodontic materials and continuous nickel particle release. Young patients, especially female patients, with allergic reaction show a predisposition of NiACS (Nickel Induced Allergic Contact Stomatitis) clinical symptoms. Therefore, dentists and orthodontists should be more careful and cautious in doing a clinical examination to patients through data collecting data on history of abnormalities and health history in the effort of making diagnosis and plan appropriate treatment.

Perubahan lebar interkaninus rahang atas dengan penggunaan sekrup ekspansi pada jarak waktu aktivasi yang berbedaChanges in the maxillary intercanine width during the use of expansion screws at different activation intervals Nada Qisthina Malik; Deni Sumantri Latif; Elih Syiarudin
Padjadjaran Journal of Dental Researchers and Students Vol 5, No 2 (2021): Oktober 2021
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/pjdrs.v5i2.28000

ABSTRAKPendahuluan: Penggunaan sekrup ekspansi pada ortodonti lepasan dilakukan untuk melebarkan lengkung gigi. Lebar lengkung gigi dapat diukur salah satunya dengan cara menghitung lebar interkaninus. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui evaluasi penggunaan sekrup ekspansi terhadap perubahan lebar interkaninus rahang atas berdasarkan kelompok waktu aktivasi. Metode: Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah analitik. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling. Hasil:. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan analitik nilai t stat memiliki nilai yang lebih kecil dari nilai t Critical two-tail, maka didapatkan hasil yang menunjukan bahwa terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna dari perubahan lebar interkaninus pada dua kelompok waktu tersebut. Simpulan: Terdapat perubahan lebar interkaninus yang signifikan pada kedua kelompok waktu aktivasi.Kata kunci: sekrup ekspansi, ortodonti lepasan, lebar interkaninus, rahang atasABSTRACTIntroduction: The use of expansion screws in removable orthodontics is used to widen the dental arch. The dental arch width can be measured one of them by calculating the intercanine width. The aim of this study was to evaluation the use of expansion screws for changes in maxillary intercanine width based on activation time groups. Method: This research used analytic method. The sampling technique used purposive sampling. Results: Based on the results of analytical calculations, the value of t stat has a value smaller than t Critical two-tail, the results obtained indicate that there are significant differences in changes in intercanine width in the two time groups. Conclusion: There was a significant change in intercanine width in both groups of activation time. Keywords: expansion screws, removable orthodontics, intercanine width, maxillary

Finite element method usage in determining pressure distribution of periodontal tissues on maxillary canine as result of orthodontic force E. Elih; Tono S. Hambali; Jono Salim; Endah Mardiati
Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry Vol 23, No 2 (2011): July 2011
Publisher : Faculty of Dentistry Universitas Padjadjaran

The purpose of this study is to obtain data of pressure distribution on canine periodontal tissues due to the orthodontic force generated by various types of motion using the Finite Element Method. The development of digital technology creates a numerical analysis for orthodontic treatment that can be done by performing 3-D reconstruction by scanning the maxillary canine teeth with a CT scan so that 255 cross-sectional images is obtained. 3 D model is then processed using the Finite Element Method to obtain the pressure distribution on the periodontal tissues caused by tipping movements, bodily, torque, roots, rotation, and extrusion. The analysis used was the analysis of qualitative and quantitative analysis. The results showed that the maximum pressure that occurs in the periodontal tissues caused by a variety of movements ranging from 3.3 x 10-3MPa to 2.9 x 10-2 MPa. This indicates that the force exerted on each movement produces maximum pressure that exceeds capillary pressure was 2 x 10-3 MPa.

Perbandingan buccal corridor pada maloklusi kelas I sebelum dan sesudah perawatan ortodonti cekat dengan dan tanpa pencabutan gigi premolar Comparison of the buccal corridor in class I malocclusion before and after fixed orthodontic appliances treatment with and without premolar extraction Zain Irfan Muyassar; Elih Elih; Yuliawati Zenab
Padjadjaran Journal of Dental Researchers and Students Vol 6, No 3 (2022): Oktober 2022
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/pjdrs.v6i3.34315

ABSTRAKPendahuluan: Perawatan ortodonti dilakukan untuk mengoreksi maloklusi sehingga dicapai oklusi yang baik dalam melakukan fungsi maupun estetika. Salah satu penilaian estetika bisa dilihat dari buccal corridor yang terlihat ketika tersenyum. Perawatan ortodonti pada maloklusi kelas I dapat dilakukan dengan pencabutan atau tanpa pencabutan. Perawatan tersebut dapat memengaruhi tampilan pasien saat tersenyum. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui perbandingan buccal corridor pada maloklusi kelas I sebelum dan sesudah perawatan dengan dan tanpa pencabutan gigi premolar yang dirawat dengan alat ortodonti cekat menggunakan software Image-J. Metode: Jenis penelitian analitik komparatif dengan sampel penelitian berupa fotografi frontal pasien maloklusi kelas I dentoskeletal yang telah selesai dirawat alat ortodonti cekat di Klinik PPDGS Ortodonti RSGM Unpad pada tahun 2015 – 2019 sebanyak 30 sampel tanpa pencabutan dan 14 sampel pencabutan empat gigi premolar pertama. Sampel diambil dengan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Pengukuran buccal corridor dilakukan menggunakan software Image-J. Analisa data menggunakan uji paired t-test, sedangkan untuk membandingkan perubahan antara kelompok pencabutan dan tanpa pencabutan dilakukan uji independent t-test. Hasil: Terdapat penurunan yang signifikan buccal corridor pada kelompok tanpa pencabutan yaitu sebesar 2,45% 3,41% (p < 0,05), tidak terdapat penurunan yang signifikan buccal corridor pada kelompok pencabutan yaitu sebesar 0,51% 3,47% (p>0,05) dan perbandingan perubahan nilai buccal corridor pada perawatan dengan pencabutan dan tanpa pencabutan menunjukkan hasil yang tidak signifikan (p>0,05). Simpulan: Terdapat penurunan buccal corridor sesudah perawatan pada kelompok tanpa pencabutan, tidak terdapat penurunan pada buccal corridor sesudah perawatan pada kelompok pencabutan dan tidak terdapat perbedaan buccal corridor antara kelompok pencabutan dan tanpa pencabutan gigi premolar. Kata kunci: buccal corridor; ekstraksi; non-ekstraksi. ABSTRACT Introduction:Orthodontic treatment was performed to correct malocclusion to obtained good occlusion in performing both function and aesthetics. One of the aesthetics assessments can be seen from the buccal corridor which is visible when it smiles. Orthodontic treatment in class I malocclusion can be treated with extraction or without extraction. The treatment can affect the patient’s appearance when smiling. This study was conducted to analized the comparison of the buccal corridor in class I malocclusion before and after treatment with and without premolar extraction which is treated with fixed orthodontic appliances. Methods: This study was conducted of comparative analysis and the sample of this study consisted of frontal photography of dentoskeletal class I malocclusion patients who had finished being treated with fixed orthodontics appliances at the Orthodontic Clinic of RSGM Unpad in 2015 – 2019, as many as 30 samples without extraction and 14 samples fours first premolars extraction. The sample were taken using purposive sampling technique. Buccal corridor measured using Image-J software. Analisa data menggunakan uji paired t-test, sedangkan untuk membandingkan perubahan antara kelompok pencabutan dan tanpa pencabutan dilakukan uji independent t-test. Results: There was a significant decrease in the buccal corridor in the non-extraction group, which was 2.45% ± 3.41% (p<0.05), there was a non-significant decrease in the buccal corridor in the extraction group, which was 0.51% ± 3.47% (p>0.05) and the comparison of changes in the value of the buccal corridor in the treatment with extraction and without extraction showed no significant result (p > 0.05). Conclusion: There was a decrease in the buccal corridor after treatment in the non-extraction group, there was a decrease in the buccal corridor after treatment in the extraction group and there was no difference in the buccal corridor between extraction and non-extraction premolar groups. Keywords: buccal corridor; extraction; non-extraction.

Prevalence of bruxism in children with autism spectrum disorder at the biruku foundation in bandung city: study descriptive Kholid, Ittaqi Tafuzi; elih, Elih; Sasmita, Inne Suherna; Hasyimi, Ananto Ali
Padjadjaran Journal of Dental Researchers and Students Vol 7, No 2 (2023): Juni 2023
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/pjdrs.v7i2.34330

ABSTRACTIntroduction: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a serious problem in the field of child psychiatry. Bruxism is a sleep disorder or parasomnia that is more common than sleepwalking and nightmares in ASD children. The American Academy of Sleep Medicine describes bruxism as repetitive jaw muscle activity characterized by clenching or grinding of the teeth and/or pushing of the mandible. The impact of bruxism that are carried out continuously are sensitive teeth due to enamel erosion, muscle pain and TMJ pain. Which negatively affect the dental and oral health of ASD Children. The purpose of this study was to describe the prevalence of bruxism in order to be able to carry out early treatment and prevention. Methods: This study was cross sectional descriptive, and used a total sampling method with 24 respondents, each of whom would later fill out a bruxism questionnaire via online form. Data were processed and analyzed using 3 categories of bruxism and presented in tabular form. Results: There was no Category 1 respondent - who experienced all of the bruxism symptoms. The results showed that 9 respondents were Category 2 which means they had several bruxism symptoms and needed further clinical examination, while 15 respondents were Category 3 which means they did not show any symptoms of bruxism. Conclusions: Most of the children of the Biruku Foundation GSA Bandung City did not show symptoms of bruxism.KEY WORDS: bruxism, autism, spectrum disorder, child, prevalencePrevalensi kebiasaan buruk bruksisme pada anak dengan gangguan spektrum autisme: Studi deskriptifABSTRAKPendahuluan: Gangguan Spektrum Autisme (GSA) merupakan masalah serius pada bidang psikiatri anak. Bruksisme merupakan gangguan tidur atau parasomnia yang lebih sering terjadi pada anak GSA dibandingkan sleepwalking dan mimpi buruk. American Academy of Sleep Medicine mendeskripsikan bruksisme sebagai aktivitas otot rahang berulang yang ditandai dengan mengepalkan atau menggiling gigi dan/atau mendorong mandibula. Dampak kebiasaan buruk yang dilakukan terus menerus adalah gigi menjadi sensitif dikarenakan terjadi pengikisan email, nyeri otot dan nyeri TMJ. Hal tersebut tentunya akan berdampak buruk untuk Kesehatan gigi dan mulut Anak GSA. Tujuan penelitian mengetahui prevalensi kebiasaan buruk bruksisme pada anak dengan gangguan spektrum autisme. Metode: Jenis penelitian deskriptif cross sectional. Teknik pengambilan sampel penelitian menggunakan metode total sampling sebanyak 24 orang, Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner bruksisme melalui online form. Data diolah dan dianalisis menggunakan 3 kategori bruksisme dan disajikan dalam bentuk tabel. Hasil: Tidak ada responden yang masuk dalam kategori 1 yakni responden mengalami seluruh gejala bruksisme. Sebanyak 9 orang termasuk dalam kategori 2 yakni anak tersebut mengalami beberapa gejala bruksisme dan perlu dilakukan pemeriksaan klinis lebih lanjut dan 15 anak masuk dalam kategori 3 yang artinya ke-15 anak tersebut tidak mengalami tanda-tanda bruksisme. Simpulan: Sebagian besar anak GSA Yayasan Biruku Kota Bandung tidak menunjukkan gejala bruksisme.KATA KUNCI: bruksisme, gangguan spektrum, autisme, anak, prevalensi

Level of knowledge, attitude, and awareness of parents with non-syndromic cleft lip and palate patients towards orthodontic treatment: Study cross-sectional Syafitri, Kharlina; Laviana, Avi; Sayuti, Elih; Evangelina, Ida Ayu; Mardiati, Endah
Padjadjaran Journal of Dental Researchers and Students Vol 8, No 1 (2024): Februari 2024
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/pjdrs.v8i1.51215

ABSTRACTIntroduction: Non-syndromic cleft lip and palate (nsCLP) is one of the commonest congenital craniofacial defects in populations around the world, including Indonesia. nsCLP patients generally undergo a long treatment process, requiring a multidisciplinary approach including orthodontic treatment, as well as parental support to achieve successful treatment. Knowledge, attitude, and awareness of both parents and patients have an important role in supporting the success of orthodontic treatment, especially in nsCLP patients. The purpose of this study was to measure the level of knowledge, attitudes, and awareness of parents in nsCLP patients regarding orthodontic treatment. Methods: This research method was quantitative cross sectional with a comparative analytic survey using the Wilcoxon-Mann Whitney non-parametric test. This research used a questionnaire divided into 3 parts; knowledge, attitudes, and awareness of orthodontic treatment. The scores were grouped into good, fair, and poor categories. Results: A total of 92 respondents: father (46) and mother (46) participated in this study. Knowledge level of the mother was in the ‘good’ category and was higher than the father’s (36,96% and 26,09%). The attitude levels of the mother and father were dominantly moderate with 28,26% and 27,17%. Awareness level of the mother in the ‘good’ category was almost the same as the father's (42,39% and 41,39%). Data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon-Mann Whitney test. The analytic results of knowledge level between the father and the mother were obtained with p-value = 0.0280 (p<0.05); attitude level with p-value = 0.8396 (p>0.05), and awareness level with p-value = 0.8550 (p>0.05). Conclusion: There is a difference in the level of knowledge between father and mother in nsCLP patients towards orthodontic treatment, but there is no difference in the level of attitude and awareness between the father and the mother towards orthodontic treatment.KEY WORDS: cleft lip and palate, knowledge, attitude, awareness, orthodontic treatment.Perbedaan tingkat pengetahuan, sikap, dan kesadaran ayah dan ibu pasien celah bibir dan celah langit-langit non sindromik terkait perawatan ortodonti: Studi cross sectionalABSTRAKPendahuluan: Celah bibir dan langit-langit non sindromik (CBLns) merupakan kondisi cacat kraniofasial kongenital yang umum terjadi pada populasi seluruh dunia termasuk Indonesia. Pasien CBLns umumnya menjalani proses perawatan cukup panjang, membutuhkan pendekatan multidisiplin termasuk perawatan ortodonti serta dukungan orang tua. Pengetahuan, sikap, dan kesadaran pada orang tua memiliki peran penting dalam mendukung keberhasilan perawatan ortodonti khususnya pada pasien CBLns. Penelitian bertujuan untuk menganalisis tingkat pengetahuan, sikap, dan kesadaran ayah dan ibu pasien CBLns terkait perawatan ortodonti. Metode: Metode penelitian kuantitatif cross sectional dengan survei analitik komparatif menggunakan uji non parametrik Wilcoxon-Mann Whitney. Populasi penelitian merupakan orang tua pasien CBLns yang terdaftar di Yayasan Pembina Penderita Celah Bibir dan Langit-Langit (YPPBCL) Bandung Jawa Barat (2017 - 2022) menggunakan teknik random sampling diperoleh besar sampel sebesar 51 orang. Penelitian menggunakan kuesioner pengetahuan, sikap, dan kesadaran terkait perawatan ortodonti kemudian skor dikelompokkan menjadi kategori baik, cukup, dan kurang. Hasil: Total 92 orang responden yaitu ayah (46) dan ibu (46). Persentase tingkat pengetahuan ibu pada kategori baik lebih tinggi dibanding pada ayah (36,96%;26,09%). Persentase tingkat sikap ibu dan ayah lebih dominan pada kategori cukup (28,26%;27,17%), persentase tingkat kesadaran ibu dan ayah dominan pada kategori baik (42,39%;41,39%). Hasil analitik tingkat pengetahuan ayah dan ibu diperoleh nilai p = 0,0280 (p<0,05), tingkat sikap mendapatkan nilai p = 0,8396 (p>0,05), dan tingkat kesadaran dengan nilai p = 0,8550 (p>0,05). Simpulan: Terdapat perbedaan tingkat pengetahuan ayah dan ibu, namun tidak terdapat perbedaan tingkat sikap dan kesadaran ayah dan ibu pada pasien CBLns terkait perawatan ortodonti.KATA KUNCI: Celah bibir dan langit-langit, pengetahuan, sikap, kesadaran, perawatan ortodonti.

Differences in the tooth impaction characteristics between males and females nonsyndromic cleft lip and palate patients: a cross-sectional study Andreas, Monica; Laviana, Avi; Mardiati, Endah; Sayuti, Elih; Noviaranny, Indah Yuri
Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry Vol 36, No 2 (2024): July 2024
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/pjd.vol36no2.54341

ABSTRACTIntroduction: Nonsyndromic cleft lip and palate (nsCLP) refers to an abnormal gap in the upper lip and/or palate, without the presence of additional developmental abnormalities. The risk of tooth impaction in nsCLP-patients is greater than in patients without nsCLP. This research aimed to analyze the differences in the tooth impaction characteristics between males and females nsCLP-patients. Methods: Type of research is cross-sectional study. CLP by observing 64 panoramic radiographs as population, consisting of 28 males and 36 females with the chronological age of over 7 years. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling of tooth impaction and the number of samples are 14. Univariate analysis was performed to examine the data on tooth impaction characteristics. Bivariate analysis was performed to compare the tooth impaction characteristics between males and females. Results: The proportion of tooth impaction in males (28.57%) was greater than in females (16.67%). Tooth impaction generally affects one tooth. Maxillary permanent canines (64.71%) were the most frequently affected teeth. Most of the impacted teeth were located above the cemento-enamel junction, but less than half the length of the adjacent tooth root with unfavorable angulation<650 to the intercondylar line. There were no significant differences in the tooth impaction characteristics, including proportion (p-value=0.5557), number (p-value=0.0644), position (p-value=0.8273), and angulation (p-value=0.8248), between males and females nsCLP-patients. However, there was a significant difference in the type of impacted teeth (p-value=0.0000) between the two genders. Conclusions: There were no differences in the tooth impaction characteristics, including the proportion, number, position, and angulation, except for the type of impacted teeth, between males and females nsCLP-patients. A small proportion of nsCLP-patients was found to have one impacted tooth, with maxillary permanent canines being the most frequently affected teeth. Impacted teeth were commonly located in favorable positions, but with unfavorable angulation.KEYWORDSTooth impaction, nonsyndromic cleft lip and palate, panoramic radiography

Differences in the visual perception of the upper dental midline deviation between orthodontically completely treated and untreated patients Laviana, Avi; Yakin Hasbullah, Irnamanda Dwipura; Sayuti, Elih; Mardiati, Endah; Noviaranny, Indah Yuri
Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry Vol 35, No 1 (2023): March 2023
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/pjd.vol35no1.45351

ABSTRACTIntroduction: A common reason for people to obtain orthodontic treatment is a misalignment between the upper dental midline and the midline of the face. The process of orthodontic treatment is considered to affect a patient's visual perception before and after the treatment, as well as their satisfaction with treatment, possibly due to the information received during treatment. This study aimed to analyze this visual perception of dental midline deviation differences between orthodontically completely treated and untreated patients. Methods: This was a cross-sectional survey of 90 orthodontic patients, 49 completely treated patients who had completed orthodontic treatment and 41 untreated patients who had not started treatment. Patients were asked to complete a Google Form questionnaire for evaluating 12 intraoral smiling photos with midline deviation and a Likert scale. Bivariate statistical analysis with the Mann Whitney test was carried out to see differences in visual perceptions between two groups. Results: Completely treated patients perceive a 0-1 mm (LCN/L photos) midline deviation of the upper teeth as attractive, while untreated patients perceive a 0-2 mm (LCN photos) and 0-3 mm (L photos) deviation as attractive. The statistical analysis revealed a significant difference in patient perception between completely treated and untreated groups, with a p-value of 0.001 (p<0.05) and a mean score of 36.5 and 53.0, respectively. Conclusion: There are differences in visual perception between orthodontically completely treated and untreated patients. The group of completely treated patients is more sensitive to detecting a midline deviation of the upper teeth..Keywords : Upper dental midline deviation, visual perception, completely treated orthodontic patients, untreated orthodontic patients

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