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Christiaan, John Abraham
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Religion Humanities Education Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Social Sciences Other

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Ego Eimi Narasi Injil Yohanes mengenai Ketuhanan Yesus:: Jawaban Argumentum Fallacia terhadap Iman Kristen Christiaan, John Abraham; Prasetyo, Adi; Dully, Stefanus
ELEOS: Jurnal Teologi dan Pendidikan Agama Kristen Vol. 5 No. 1 (2025): Juli 2025
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Kalvari Manado

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53814/eleos.v5i1.218

Abstract

Abstract: This study is motivated by the increasing intensity of attacks from non-Christians against the Christian faith, particularly regarding the belief that Jesus is God. These attacks often rely on argumentum fallacia—fallacious and deceptive reasoning—posing questions such as, “Where in the Bible does Jesus explicitly declare Himself to be God?” This research aims to provide a theological and exegetical response to such polemics by analyzing the Johannine narrative, especially the phrase Ego Eimi (Ἐγώ εἰμι), as a divine self-declaration of Jesus. Utilizing a qualitative method through exegetical study supported by theological and linguistic literature, this research demonstrates that the phrase Ego Eimi in the Gospel of John is closely connected to God's declaration in Exodus 3:14, Ehyeh Asher Ehyeh (אהיה אשר אהיה), meaning “I Am Who I Am.” Jesus’ statement, “Before Abraham was, I am,” further affirms His divine identity. The findings conclude that Ego Eimi serves as an explicit and intentional affirmation of Jesus’ divinity. In light of these results and the growing polemical challenges against Christianity, it is recommended that theologians, pastors, and church leaders provide more comprehensive instruction on Christology to equip believers with sound theological understanding and guard them against misleading arguments. Abstrak: Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh maraknya serangan dari pihak non-Kristiani terhadap ajaran iman Kristen, khususnya mengenai kepercayaan bahwa Yesus adalah Tuhan. Serangan ini seringkali disertai dengan argumentasi yang bersifat argumentum fallacia—yakni argumen yang menyesatkan dan manipulatif—yang mempertanyakan kebenaran iman Kristen, dengan pertanyaan utama: “Di mana dalam Alkitab Yesus secara eksplisit mengakui diri-Nya sebagai Tuhan?” Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menjawab pertanyaan tersebut melalui kajian mendalam terhadap narasi Injil Yohanes, khususnya frasa “Ego Eimi” (Ἐγώ εἰμι) sebagai bentuk pengakuan diri Yesus yang bersifat ilahi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi eksegesis serta didukung oleh literatur-literatur teologis dan linguistik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa frasa “Ego Eimi” dalam Injil Yohanes memiliki keterkaitan erat dengan pernyataan Allah dalam Keluaran 3:14, “Ehyeh Asher Ehyeh” (אהיה אשר אהיה), yang berarti “Aku adalah Aku.” Pernyataan Yesus, “Sebelum Abraham ada, Aku ada,” semakin menegaskan identitas keilahian-Nya. Dengan demikian, frasa “Ego Eimi” merupakan bentuk eksplisit dari pengakuan Yesus sebagai Tuhan. Berdasarkan temuan ini, peneliti merekomendasikan agar para teolog, pendeta, dan pemimpin gereja lebih proaktif dalam mengajarkan doktrin Kristologi kepada jemaat guna memperkuat iman dan menangkal serangan argumentasi yang menyesatkan.
The Authenticity of Jesus’ Crucifixion and Death: A Legal and Theological Review in Response to Polemical Allegation Christiaan, John Abraham; Dully, Stefanus; Maulany, Rissendo Billyfaughn; Simon, Simon
TELEIOS: Jurnal Teologi dan Pendidikan Agama Kristen Vol 4, No 2 (2024): Theology and Christian Education
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Transformasi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53674/teleios.v4i2.174

Abstract

Abstract: The rise of interpretations from non-Christian religious leaders about Christian teachings is the highlight of the researcher in this study, especially the wrong interpretation of the crucifixion of the Lord Jesus. Non-Christian figures interpret that Jesus was never crucified, but it was someone else who was crucified because Jesus could disappear, besides that the opinions of the interpreters do not agree with each other, some say, Yudah Iscariot, Simon the Cyrenian, Simon the Arab, Barsabas and others. This interpretation contradicts the Christian Faith and the testimony of the Bible, so researchers want to prove with this research to prove that Jesus was really crucified and died on the cross. This research uses descriptive qualitative methods through literature studies supported by historical documents. From the results of the research, it was found that the undeniable fact according to the law that Jesus was crucified on the hill of Golgotha and died, and rose on the third day, as witnessed by eyewitnesses, also reinforced by the testimony of philosophers and early church fathers, as well as testimony from non-Christians that Jesus Christ was really crucified and died on the cross, was buried and rose on the third day.
Co-Authors Adi Prasetyo Adi, Didit Yuliantono Agung, Wulan Dully, Stefanus Indratno, Yohanes Twintarto Agus Lahama, Andre Nehemia Manuputty, Mozes Maulany, Rissendo Billyfaughn Simon Simon Sudjoko Sudjoko, Sudjoko Sukrisno, Aji Suranto Suranto