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All Journal Journal Analytica Islamica JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND SOCIAL RESEARCH Jurnal Hukum Kaidah: Media Komunikasi dan Informasi Hukum dan Masyarakat Law_Jurnal Al-Fikru: Jurnal Ilmiah Journal Evidence Of Law Rechtsvinding
Irham, Muhammad Iqbal
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Religion Arts Humanities Computer Science & IT Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences

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SEXUAL VIOLENCE IN MARRIAGE (MARITAL RAPE): A FIQH PERSPECTIVE AND THE SEXUAL VIOLENCE CRIMES LAW (UU TPKS) Mardhiah, Ainul; Syahnan, Muhammad; Irham, Muhammad Iqbal
Journal Analytica Islamica Vol 15, No 1 (2026): ANALYTICA ISLAMICA
Publisher : Program Pascasarjana UIN Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30829/jai.v14i3.27279

Abstract

The phenomenon of forced sexual relations against wives within marriage is an issue that has sparked debate in contemporary Fiqh and the Sexual Violence Crimes Law (UU TPKS). This research aims to explain the opinions of scholars found in contemporary fiqh literature concerning husband-wife relationships and compare them with the sexual violence crimes law. This paper is intended to find the correlation between the perspectives of contemporary scholars and the UU TPKS regarding sexual violence in marriage and the concept of a wife's obedience to her husband in Islam. The research employs a qualitative method with a juridical-normative approach, drawing from contemporary fiqh books, Ahwal Syakhsiyyah, and the sexual violence crimes law. The findings of this research indicate that fiqh law is essentially in alignment with the concept of sexual violence law in marriage as outlined in the UU TPKS. Conversely, the stance of rejection towards the UU TPKS is shown to be a result of misunderstandings of existing religious texts.
THE PROBLEMATICS OF JAD MAAL IKHWAH: PERSPECTIVES OF IBN ABBAS AND ZAID IBN TSABIT Harahap, Fadlan Harmein; Irham, Muhammad Iqbal; Syahnan, Muhammad
Journal Analytica Islamica Vol 15, No 1 (2026): ANALYTICA ISLAMICA
Publisher : Program Pascasarjana UIN Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30829/jai.v14i3.27659

Abstract

Jad maʿal ikhwah refers to an inheritance issue that arose after the death of the Prophet Muhammad, particularly during the caliphate of ʿUmar ibn al-Khaṭṭab. In this case, full siblings and the paternal grandfather are two heirs who claim a share of the inheritance. According to the science of faraʾiḍ, only one of these parties is entitled to inherit, while the other is excluded. Both are considered ʿasabah heirs, meaning they are entitled to the residual estate after the fixed shares have been distributed. Ibn ʿAbbas held the view that only the grandfather is entitled to inherit in such cases, whereas Zayd ibn Thabit argued that both the grandfather and the full siblings are entitled to share the inheritance. This study employs qualitative and normative analysis of legal norms and juristic opinions found in both classical and contemporary fiqh texts. The findings indicate that the view of Zayd ibn Thabit, which grants inheritance rights to both the grandfather and the full siblings simultaneously, has been widely accepted by jurists and remains relevant in contemporary contexts.
THE CONTROVERSY OF MILK BANKS: PERSPECTIVES OF YUSUF AL-QARADAWI AND WAHBAH AZ-ZUHAILI Nugroho, Nasywa Nabilah; Irham, Muhammad Iqbal; Syahnan, Mhd.
Journal Analytica Islamica Vol 14, No 2 (2025): ANALYTICA ISLAMICA
Publisher : Program Pascasarjana UIN Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30829/jai.v14i2.27269

Abstract

This study analyzes the legal status of Breast Milk Banking (ASI) from an Islamic perspective by highlighting the differences in legal approaches between Wahbah az-Zuhaili and Yusuf al-Qaradawi, a theme that still leaves a research gap regarding the limits of radha'ah and the implications of lineage in a modern context. This study uses a library research method with a descriptive-analytical approach through a review of classical and contemporary works, fatwas of scholars, and relevant modern fiqh literature. Data are analyzed through source triangulation and an assessment of the consistency of legal arguments to identify the patterns of ijtihad of the two scholars on the issue of non-direct breastfeeding. The results show that Wahbah az-Zuhaili rejects the practice of Breast Milk Banking due to the potential for mixing lineages and the unclear mahram relationship, considering any form of breast milk entering the baby's body, whether directly or through media, as breastfeeding that has legal consequences. In contrast, Yusuf al-Qaradawi argues that Breast Milk Banking is permissible based on the principle of benefit, because breastfeeding that is not done through direct sucking does not create a mahram relationship. This comparison demonstrates differences in ijtihad methodology: Zuhaili's approach to protecting lineage stems from a precautionary approach, while al-Qaradawi emphasizes the flexibility of Islamic law in addressing contemporary social needs. This study confirms that the legal debate regarding breast milk banking is not only related to technical fiqh issues, but also concerns the methodology of legal istinbath in addressing new phenomena. These findings contribute to the development of contemporary fiqh studies and provide a basis for formulating policies that consider aspects of benefit, infant safety, and clarity of lineage.
THE DILEMMA OF SINGLE WOMEN: THE CONCEPT OF KAFĀ'AH IN ISLAMIC JURISPRUDENCE AND THE COMPILATION OF ISLAMIC LAW Soliha, Ulfa Safira; Syahnan, M.; Irham, Muhammad Iqbal
Journal Analytica Islamica Vol 15, No 1 (2026): ANALYTICA ISLAMICA
Publisher : Program Pascasarjana UIN Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30829/jai.v14i3.27711

Abstract

The modern world, which provides women with the freedom to pursue the highest possible education, can also have negative impacts on them. Modern women with higher education often face challenges in finding partners due to the concept of equality (kafaah). This study aims to analyze the concept of kafaah in Islamic jurisprudence (Fiqh) and the Compilation of Islamic Law and its relevance to the phenomenon of highly educated women remaining single for extended periods. This study employed a qualitative method with a library research approach, analyzing various literature such as fiqh books, scientific journals, and laws and regulations. The results show that in Islamic law, kafaah is not a requirement for a valid marriage, but rather a social consideration to maintain household harmony, with the primary benchmarks being religious and moral aspects. Differences in social, economic, or educational status cannot be used as a reason to hinder marriage. However, in social reality, the understanding of kafaah often shifts in meaning due to patriarchal culture and materialistic perceptions, so that highly educated women are often considered difficult to find a "comparable" partner. Meanwhile, Indonesian positive law, through the 1945 Constitution, Law No. 1 of 1974 concerning Marriage, and the Compilation of Islamic Law, guarantees protection for women's right to choose their life partner without discrimination. Thus, both Islamic law and positive law emphasize that equality in marriage should be based on moral and spiritual values, not social status or educational level.
Child Neglect After Divorce: Perspective of Child Protection Law and Compilation of Islamic Law Suryani, Dewi Ervina; Pagar, Pagar; Irham, Muhammad Iqbal
Rechtsvinding Vol. 4 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Civiliza Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59525/rechtsvinding.1381

Abstract

This study aims to analyze child neglect following parental divorce from the perspectives of Law No. 35 of 2014 concerning Amendments to Law No. 23 of 2002 on Child Protection (UUPA) and the Compilation of Islamic Law (KHI). This research employs a normative juridical approach. Through qualitative methods, the study finds a highly contrasting difference in perspectives between the UUPA and KHI regarding the issue of child neglect after parental divorce. The UUPA views such actions as a criminal offense, and the perpetrators are subject to legal sanctions. In contrast, the KHI considers child neglect after divorce as an internal civil matter between parents and children, and therefore does not recognize criminal sanctions. Meanwhile, the Religious Court, as a special judicial body that adjudicates divorce cases for Muslim citizens, applies the KHI as its legal basis. Based on these findings, it is concluded that the increase in child neglect parallels the rising number of divorces due to these differing perspectives in addressing the issue. As a result, there is no clear legal certainty serving as a specific reference for resolving cases of child neglect after divorce. In this regard, the author proposes several recommendations: (1) there should be a harmonization of perspectives between the UUPA and KHI concerning child neglect after divorce, recognizing that such acts may result in criminal sanctions; (2) the Supreme Court is encouraged to issue a regulation (PERMA) requiring judges in Religious Courts to include children’s post-divorce rights in their legal considerations even if not explicitly requested, and to impose penalties on parents who fail to comply with such rulings; and (3) the government is advised to establish a special institution or supervisory service unit to monitor child support obligations.
KONSEP PERWALIAN DI INDONESIA: ANTARA KEWAJIBAN HUKUM DAN KEBUTUHAN ANAK DALAM SOSIOLOGI KELUARGA Lubis, Syaddan Dintara; Irham, Muhammad Iqbal; Pagar, Pagar
Law Jurnal Vol 6, No 2 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Dharmawangsa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46576/lj.v6i2.8337

Abstract

Perwalian  di Indonesia merupakan permasalahan yang mencakup aspek hukum dan sosial serta berdampak langsung terhadap kesejahteraan anak. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji konsep perwalian anak dalam perspektif hukum Indonesia dan analisisnya dalam konteks sosiologi keluarga. Studi ini juga berfokus pada hubungan antara kewajiban hukum wali dan pemenuhan kebutuhan anak, serta tantangan yang dihadapi dalam sistem perwalian. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah yuridis normatif dengana pendekatan kualitatif  analisis terhadap bahan hukum yang relevan dan tinjauan sosial keluarga. Studi ini menemukan bahwa meskipun undang-undang di Indonesia  mengatur kewajiban orang tua untuk melindungi, merawat, dan memenuhi kebutuhan anak, dalam praktiknya sering kali terkendala oleh faktor sosial, budaya, dan ekonomi. Permasalahan dalam praktik perwalian mencakup diskriminasi gender, kurangnya pemahaman hukum, dan pengaruh struktur keluarga. Penelitian ini juga menyoroti pentingnya pendekatan sosiologi keluarga dalam memahami perwalian dan peran lingkungan keluarga serta masyarakat dalam mendukung tumbuh kembang anak.
KEADILAN HOLISTIC BAGI ISTERI DALAM POLIGAMI: PERSPEKTIF MASLAHAT Hasanah, Uswatun; Irham, Muhammad Iqbal; Pagar, Pagar
Law Jurnal Vol 6, No 2 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Dharmawangsa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46576/lj.v6i2.8338

Abstract

Syariat Islam memperkenankan praktik poligami dengan mensyaratkan berlaku adil terhadap seluruh istri. Akan tetapi, pemahaman tentang keadilan dalam konteks poligami di tengah masyarakat cenderung tereduksi pada pemenuhan hak-hak kebendaan semata, yakni seputar distribusi nafkah ekonomi dan pembagian waktu bermalam secara bergiliran. Sementara itu, kebutuhan emosional dan dimensi spiritualitas para istri justru kurang mendapat perhatian yang memadai. Kesenjangan antara idealitas normatif dengan kenyataan empiris ini membuka peluang terjadinya ketimpangan yang bersifat hakiki dalam kehidupan berumah tangga. Penelitian ini berupaya menelaah bagaimana fuqaha dan mufasir kontemporer memandang persoalan keadilan dalam poligami, sekaligus mengeksplorasi konsepsi keadilan yang bersifat menyeluruh dan mencakup pemenuhan aspek jasmani, rohani, dan kejiwaan yang seharusnya diperoleh para istri dalam ikatan poligami dengan berlandaskan pada prinsip maslahat. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian normatif melalui studi kepustakaan dengan kerangka konseptual. Data primer diperoleh dari khazanah kitab-kitab fiqh dan tafsir klasik maupun kontemporer, diperkaya dengan rujukan akademis terkini yang memiliki relevansi. Proses analisis data dilakukan secara kualitatif dengan mengintegrasikan dimensi normatif teks-teks keagamaan dan orientasi kemaslahatan sebagai tujuan substantif syariat Islam. Temuan ini menggarisbawahi bahwa keadilan dalam poligami tidak boleh dipahami secara terpotong-potong, melainkan mesti dimaknai sebagai kesatuan utuh yang meliputi terpenuhinya kebutuhan fisik, terjaganya stabilitas psikologis, serta terpeliharanya kehidupan spiritual para istri. Perspektif maslahat menegaskan bahwa praktik poligami baru dapat dilegitimasi secara syar’i manakala benar-benar mendatangkan kemanfaatan konkret bagi istri dan anggota keluarga lainnya secara komprehensif.
Co-Authors Achyar Zein, Achyar Ainul Mardhiah, Ainul Aminudin, Aminudin Bismar Siregar, Bismar Dewi Ervina Suryani, Dewi Ervina Harahap, Fadlan Harmein Mhd. Syahnan Muhammad Faisal Hamdani Nasution, Muhammad Hasan Nugroho, Nasywa Nabilah Pagar, Pagar Permana, Harry Rahmadani, Gema Soliha, Ulfa Safira Syaddan Dintara Lubis, Syaddan Dintara Syahnan, M. Syahnan, Muhammad Uswatun Hasanah Zaid Alfauza Marpaung