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Journal : Journal Of Carbazon

FT-IR Characterization and Phylogenetic Analysis of Patchouli Oil from West Aceh and Aceh Jaya using PCA and HCA Nisak, Khairun; nariska, Sandiana; Suhud, Khairi; Sufriadi, Elly
Journal of Carbazon Vol 2, No 1 (2024): June 2024
Publisher : Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24815/jocarbazon.v2i1.38859

Abstract

This study aims to characterize and compare the chemical composition of patchouli oil from various regions in Aceh, Indonesia, using Fourier-transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) combined with Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA). Patchouli oil samples from five distinct locations within West Aceh and Aceh Jaya Regencies were analyzed, focusing on the 1800-500 cm range. The FT-IR spectra revealed significant chemical markers, with notable absorption bands corresponding to aliphatic C-H, C=O, and C=C stretching vibrations. Multivariate analyses showed distinct clustering patterns, with four samples (POSM, POSP, POT, and POW) exhibiting high chemical similarity and clustering together, while one sample (POP) formed a separate cluster, indicating a lower degree of similarity. PCA analysis of the original spectra in the 1800-500 cm range yielded a cumulative PC1 and PC2 value of 89%. The HCA dendrogram highlighted a significant relative distance of 10 between the POP sample and the other four samples, indicating minimal relatedness, with the closest relatedness observed between POSM and POSP, having a relative distance of 1.1. This study demonstrates the effectiveness of FT-IR spectroscopy combined with PCA and HCA in distinguishing chemical profiles of patchouli oil from different regions, providing insights into geographical and varietal influences on oil composition. The findings are crucial for quality control and standardization in the patchouli oil industry, with further molecular studies recommended to corroborate and enhance understanding of genetic diversity among patchouli varieties in Aceh.
Study of Adsorption Kinetics and Degradation of Fatty Oil in Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) Using Activated Bentonite Sunartaty, Rita; Sufriadi, Elly; Saiful, Saiful
Journal of Carbazon Vol 2, No 1 (2024): June 2024
Publisher : Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24815/jocarbazon.v2i1.37917

Abstract

A study was conducted on the treatment of palm oil liquid waste using activated bentonite through an adsorption method. Four variations of adsorbent treatments were employed: untreated bentonite (UBA), and chemically activated bentonite with 5%, 10%, and 15% H2SO4 (CAB-5, CAB-10, and CAB-15, respectively). The adsorption capacities (qe) for UBA, CAB-5, CAB-10, and CAB-15 were found to be 91.01, 97.01, 94.46, and 93.27 mg/g, respectively. The adsorption kinetics followed a first-order reaction model, with correlation coefficients (R2) of 0.70, 0.93, 0.98, and 0.94 for UBA, CAB-5, CAB-10, and CAB-15, respectively. Additionally, the fatty oil content of the treated waste, when adsorbed for 60 to 100 minutes, met the quality standard threshold, reducing it to below 25 mg/L. This study underscores the importance of addressing the waste produced by the palm oil industry and emphasizes the need for effective effluent treatment to protect the environment and ensure industry sustainability.
Uncovering the Endogenous Bacteria Involved in the Synthesis of Formaldehyde in Tiger Grouper Fish (Epinephelus fuscoguttaus) Sufriadi, Elly; Helwati, Hira; Nurfahmi, Nurfahmi
Journal of Carbazon Vol 1, No 1 (2023): June 2023
Publisher : Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24815/jokarbazon.v1i1.32844

Abstract

This study aimed to isolate and identify specific bacteria responsible for the conversion of trimethylamine oxide (TMAO) into formaldehyde in tiger grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus). The gastrointestinal tract of tiger grouper specimens was sampled, and bacterial colonies were isolated using nutrient agar (NA) and screened on TMAO media. Bacterial isolates capable of producing formaldehyde were identified. The implications of these findings extend to food safety, scientific research, medical diagnostics, and industrial applications. Further investigation is needed to elucidate the enzymatic pathways and genetic factors associated with formaldehyde production in these bacteria. Evaluation of the antibacterial compound production capability revealed inhibitory zones against Escherichia coli, indicating the potential for bactericidal properties. Gram staining and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were employed to characterize the formaldehyde-producing bacteria, revealing their gram-positive nature and rod-shaped morphology. This study provides insights into the role of specific bacteria in formaldehyde production, paving the way for future research and applications in various fields.