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Antibacterial and Antifungal Potential of Methanol Stem–Bark Extract of Mangifera Indica Umaru, Kerenhappuch Isaac; Tansaba, Akafa Andes; Ugoeze, Egeonu Stephen; Nanmar, Chakfa; Umaru, Isaac John
African Journal of Sciences and Traditional Medicine Vol 1 No 1 (2024): African Journal of Sciences and Traditional Medicine
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ajstm.v1i1.3360

Medicinal plants have served through the ages, as a constant source of medicaments for the exposure of variety of diseases. The history of herbal medicine is as old as human civilization. The plants are known to provide a rich source of botanical anthelmintic, antibacterial and insecticides. Mangifera indica (MI), popularly known as mango belong to the genus Mangifera and family Anacardiacea. The leaves, stem bark and roots are used as herbal medicines worldwide. In antibacterial analysis, higher growth inhibition rate was observed at 400 ug/ml for Klebsiella pneumonia with 20.55 + 1.26μg/mL indicating that the extract has effect at a higher concentration than when treated at a lower concentration. In blood glucose level analysis, administration of 100 mg/kg body weight of Mangifera indica stem bark methanolic extract showed reduced blood glucose level in day 14 with 5.11 ± 0.14a of treatment when compared to normal control.

Effects of Methanol Stem Bark Extract of Annona senegalensis on Kidney Function and Lipid Profile in Diethyl Nitrosamine-Induced Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Rats Umaru, Isaac John; Abbas, Khalid Yahuza; Omolara, Mosugu Ovayoza; Ekunyi, Agbo Chibuike; Ikira, Usman; Okang, Ogar Fonne; Akem, Ingwu Joseph; Tansaba, Akafa Andes; Frank, Otashu Kenneth; Philip, Shadrach
African Journal of Sciences and Traditional Medicine Vol 2 No 3 (2025): African Journal of Sciences and Traditional Medicine
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ajstm.v2i3.7358

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most prevalent cancers worldwide, with high morbidity and mortality. This study evaluated the anticancer properties of Annona senegalensis stem bark extract in N-diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-induced hepatocellular carcinoma in Wistar rats. Liver carcinogenesis was induced in groups II–VI by intraperitoneal injection of DEN (50 mg/kg body weight in DMSO) once weekly for three weeks. Group II served as the negative control, while group III was the positive control (treated with silymarin, 100 mg/kg b.w.). Groups IV, V, and VI received ethanol extracts of A. senegalensis at 200, 400, and 600 mg/kg b.w., respectively, administered orally for 14 days. Treatment with the extract significantly (p < 0.05) reduced blood urea and creatinine levels, improved electrolyte balance, and enhanced liver histoarchitecture. The extract also favorably modulated lipid metabolism, lowering cholesterol levels from 368.57 ± 1.72 in the negative control to 251.31 ± 1.10 at 400 mg/kg, while increasing HDL levels from 96.21 ± 1.23 to 233.13 ± 0.86 at 600 mg/kg. These results suggest a cardioprotective role via improved lipid profiles. Additionally, kidney function was improved, as reflected by reduced urea (17.30 ± 0.85) and creatinine (2.67 ± 0.23) compared to negative controls (34.53 ± 0.70 and 3.72 ± 0.45, respectively). Overall, the ethanol extract of A. senegalensis demonstrated hepatoprotective, nephroprotective, and lipid-regulating effects, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic agent for mitigating DEN-induced HCC and its associated metabolic complications.

Hypoglycaemic Potential of Methanol Stem-Bark Extract of Mangifera Indica in Alloxan Induced Diabetic Albino Rats and Its Toxicity Effect to Liver and Kidney Umaru, Isaac John; Ekubnse, Nkiri Annasthesia; Umaru, Kerenhappuch Isaac; Tansaba, Akafa Andes; Ugoeze, Egeonu Stephen; Nanmar, Chakfa
African Journal of Sciences and Traditional Medicine Vol 1 No 1 (2024): African Journal of Sciences and Traditional Medicine
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ajstm.v1i1.3358

Mangifera indica (MI), popularly known as mango belong to the genus Mangifera and family Anacardiacea. The leaves, stem bark and roots are used as herbal medicines worldwide. Mango possesses anti-diabetic, anti-bacterial, anti- oxidant, anti-viral and anti-inflammatory properties. This research focuses on the hyperglycemic and antibacterial capacity of methanol stem bark extract of Mango tree in alloxan induced diabetic albino rats to combat its fatal consequences in humans. This work is carried out to determine the hypoglycemic capacity of methanol stem bark extract of Mangifera indica in alloxan-induced diabetic albino rats at different volumes (ml) of administration, to also determine the antibacterial capacity of methanol stem bark extract of Mangifera indica in alloxan-induced diabetic albino rats at different volumes (ml) of administration and to test the efficacy of methanol stem bark extract of Mangifera indica in alloxan-induced diabetic albino rats. Fresh stem bark (trunk) of Mangifera indica were collected in the Federal University Wukari school premises, were air dried for 21 days, pounded into powder, cold macerated in methanol, filtered and extract was gotten. 27 diseased-free (healthy) albino rats which were purchased at Yola, Adamawa State, were kept in different cages to enable proper analysis at the cause of the work. Results of liver function indices showed that treatments with 100 mg/kg, 200mg/kg and 400mg/kg body weight of Mangifera indica stem bark methanolic extract were able to restore liver function parameters at different levels of concentrations. Treatments with standard drug and all the doses of the extract were able to counteract the elevated effect of alloxan in some kidney parameters such as serum urea level at 200mg/kg with (25.23±1.98a) and (1.05 ±0.14a) for creatinine at 200mg/kg respectively. The result of this study shows that the stem back extract possessed as an agent for hypoglycaemic. These can serve as possible source of raw material for pharmaceutical products. However, the extract is found not to be harmful to the liver and kidney and should be used as health remedy for certain diseases such as hyperglycaemic and bacterial effects.

Antibacterial and Antifungal Potential of Methanol Stem–Bark Extract of Mangifera Indica Umaru, Kerenhappuch Isaac; Tansaba, Akafa Andes; Ugoeze, Egeonu Stephen; Nanmar, Chakfa; Umaru, Isaac John
African Journal of Sciences and Traditional Medicine Vol 1 No 1 (2024): African Journal of Sciences and Traditional Medicine
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ajstm.v1i1.3360

Medicinal plants have served through the ages, as a constant source of medicaments for the exposure of variety of diseases. The history of herbal medicine is as old as human civilization. The plants are known to provide a rich source of botanical anthelmintic, antibacterial and insecticides. Mangifera indica (MI), popularly known as mango belong to the genus Mangifera and family Anacardiacea. The leaves, stem bark and roots are used as herbal medicines worldwide. In antibacterial analysis, higher growth inhibition rate was observed at 400 ug/ml for Klebsiella pneumonia with 20.55 + 1.26μg/mL indicating that the extract has effect at a higher concentration than when treated at a lower concentration. In blood glucose level analysis, administration of 100 mg/kg body weight of Mangifera indica stem bark methanolic extract showed reduced blood glucose level in day 14 with 5.11 ± 0.14a of treatment when compared to normal control.

Effects of Methanol Stem Bark Extract of Annona senegalensis on Kidney Function and Lipid Profile in Diethyl Nitrosamine-Induced Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Rats Umaru, Isaac John; Abbas, Khalid Yahuza; Omolara, Mosugu Ovayoza; Ekunyi, Agbo Chibuike; Ikira, Usman; Okang, Ogar Fonne; Akem, Ingwu Joseph; Tansaba, Akafa Andes; Frank, Otashu Kenneth; Philip, Shadrach
African Journal of Sciences and Traditional Medicine Vol 2 No 3 (2025): African Journal of Sciences and Traditional Medicine
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ajstm.v2i3.7358

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most prevalent cancers worldwide, with high morbidity and mortality. This study evaluated the anticancer properties of Annona senegalensis stem bark extract in N-diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-induced hepatocellular carcinoma in Wistar rats. Liver carcinogenesis was induced in groups II–VI by intraperitoneal injection of DEN (50 mg/kg body weight in DMSO) once weekly for three weeks. Group II served as the negative control, while group III was the positive control (treated with silymarin, 100 mg/kg b.w.). Groups IV, V, and VI received ethanol extracts of A. senegalensis at 200, 400, and 600 mg/kg b.w., respectively, administered orally for 14 days. Treatment with the extract significantly (p < 0.05) reduced blood urea and creatinine levels, improved electrolyte balance, and enhanced liver histoarchitecture. The extract also favorably modulated lipid metabolism, lowering cholesterol levels from 368.57 ± 1.72 in the negative control to 251.31 ± 1.10 at 400 mg/kg, while increasing HDL levels from 96.21 ± 1.23 to 233.13 ± 0.86 at 600 mg/kg. These results suggest a cardioprotective role via improved lipid profiles. Additionally, kidney function was improved, as reflected by reduced urea (17.30 ± 0.85) and creatinine (2.67 ± 0.23) compared to negative controls (34.53 ± 0.70 and 3.72 ± 0.45, respectively). Overall, the ethanol extract of A. senegalensis demonstrated hepatoprotective, nephroprotective, and lipid-regulating effects, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic agent for mitigating DEN-induced HCC and its associated metabolic complications.

Effect of Mangifera Indica Root Methanolic Extract on Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Albino Rats Umaru, Kerenhappuch Isaac; Tansaba, Akafa Andes; Nanmar, Chakfa; Umaru, Isaac John; Ugoeze, Egeonu Stephen
Kwaghe International Journal of Sciences and Technology Vol 1 No 1 (2024): Kwaghe International Journal of Sciences and Technology
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/kijst.v1i1.3397

The growing prevalence of diabetes in both developed and developing nations has prompted scientists to intensify their research efforts in identifying potent therapeutic compounds from natural sources. These compounds are aimed at more effectively treating and managing diabetes. The aim of this research is to determine the potentials of Mangifera Indica on induced hyperglycemic rats. The materials and methods : The roots will be cut into small pieces, air-dried and 100g of the root powdered soaked , extracted in rotary evaporator, fort albino rats is used. Diabetes will be induced in rats by injecting them intraperitoneally (i.p.) with freshly prepared streptozotocin (STZ) dissolved in citrate buffer (0.1 M pH 4.5) after an overnight fast and Hyperglycemia confirmed. Thirty albino rats is randomly divided into six groups, each consisting of five rats: group 1-6. Group 1-3 control groups, NC (Normal non-treated control), DM (Negative control rats), PC (Positive Control) group 4-6 (Mangifera indica treated diabetic rats). The NC and DM (control groups) will be given distilled water, while the MI and DM + MI (experimental groups) will receive Mangifera indica extract at a dose of 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg/b.wt. Results: Day one blood glucose levels was lowered significantly (p < 0.05). Day three treatments with standard drug and 100 mg/kg body weight extract lowered blood glucose significantly (p < 0.05) close to normal after induction with alloxan. The results of selected liver test indicates that AST decreased significantly, ALT increased significantly, ALP increased significantly, TP decreased significantly, GLB decreased significantly, TB increased significantly, DB increased significantly, INDB increased significantly. The results of kidney function test show that urea increased significantly, no significant difference shown in creatinine, potassium level were raised significantly, chloride and carbon dioxide were elevated significantly.

Antibacterial Effect of Methanol Extract of Newbouldia laevis Leaves on Some Selected Resistant Pathogen on Synthesised Drugs Umaru, Kerenhappuch Isaac; Ugoeze, Egeonu Stephen; Tansaba, Akafa Andes; Nanmar, Chakfa; Danjuma, Tyem Lawal; Umaru, Isaac John
Kwaghe International Journal of Sciences and Technology Vol 1 No 1 (2024): Kwaghe International Journal of Sciences and Technology
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/kijst.v1i1.3399

Newbouldia laevis is a tropical plant belonging to the family of Bignoniaceae. It is among the most useful plants in Africa. Historically medicinal plants have been provided a good source of inspiration for novel therapeutic drugs which has made a large contribution to health and well-being of humans. It has been used over the years to as curative agents against many infections and have been exploited in the traditional medicine with their curative potentials. Material and methods: The leaves of Newbouldia laevis was bought from a local market in Wukari, Taraba State. The leaves of Newbouldia laevis was chop into pieces, air-dried for four days and then pulverized into fine powder. About 250 g of the powdered bark extracted with 2 L of ethanol using maceration method for 72 hrs. The crude extracts of Newbouldia laevis was used in antibacterial assay. The results observed demonstrate that the Newbouldia leaves methanol crude extract possesses concentration-dependent antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive resistant bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative (Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia) bacteria. The increasing inhibition zones with higher concentrations suggest a potential dose-response relationship.

Effect of Methanol Leaf Extract of Annona senegalensis on Liver Function in Diethylnitrosamine-Induced Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Rats and Its Potential as an Antibacterial Agent Umaru, Isaac John; Udoh, Mary Athanasius; Mona, Etah Hope; Omolara, Mosugu Ovayoza; Okang, Ogar Fonne; Akem, Ingwu Joseph; Tansaba, Akafa Andes; Philip, Shadrach; Frank, Otashu Kenneth
Kwaghe International Journal of Sciences and Technology Vol 2 No 3 (2025): Kwaghe International Journal of Sciences and Technology
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/kijst.v2i3.7362

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is among the most prevalent and deadly cancers globally, with limited treatment options and poor prognosis in advanced stages. This study evaluated the therapeutic potential of methanol leaf extract of Annona senegalensis against diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-induced HCC in Wistar rats and investigated its antibacterial properties. Thirty-six male albino rats were allocated into six groups: Group I (normal control) received no treatment; Group II (negative control) was induced with HCC using DEN (50 mg/kg b.w., intraperitoneally) weekly for three weeks without therapy; Group III (positive control) received DEN followed by silymarin (100 mg/kg b.w.); while Groups IV, V, and VI received DEN followed by A. senegalensis extract at 200, 400, and 600 mg/kg b.w., respectively, administered orally for 14 days. Biochemical analysis showed that the extract significantly (p < 0.05) ameliorated DEN-induced hepatotoxicity, with the 400 mg/kg dose most effective in reducing AST (48.71 ± 1.21 IU/L) and ALT (20.74 ± 1.06 IU/L) compared to the negative control (69.52 ± 0.88 IU/L and 54.97 ± 1.54 IU/L, respectively). Hepatic synthetic function was restored, as indicated by increased total protein (6.37 ± 0.13 g/L) and albumin (5.11 ± 0.10 g/L). Histopathological analysis confirmed marked architectural recovery with reduced necrosis and inflammatory infiltration. The extract also demonstrated significant antibacterial activity, exhibiting dose-dependent inhibition zones against Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis) and Gram-negative (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa) bacteria, with effects comparable to standard antibiotics. These findings suggest that A. senegalensis leaf extract exerts hepatoprotective effects—likely through antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiproliferative mechanisms—while also offering broad-spectrum antimicrobial benefits. The 400 mg/kg dose emerged as the most effective, highlighting its promise as a cost-effective complementary therapy for managing HCC and bacterial infections, particularly in resource-constrained settings. Further research should focus on isolating and characterizing the bioactive compounds and elucidating their mechanisms of action.

Effect of Mangifera Indica Root Methanolic Extract on Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Albino Rats Umaru, Kerenhappuch Isaac; Tansaba, Akafa Andes; Nanmar, Chakfa; Umaru, Isaac John; Ugoeze, Egeonu Stephen
Kwaghe International Journal of Sciences and Technology Vol 1 No 1 (2024): Kwaghe International Journal of Sciences and Technology
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/kijst.v1i1.3397

The growing prevalence of diabetes in both developed and developing nations has prompted scientists to intensify their research efforts in identifying potent therapeutic compounds from natural sources. These compounds are aimed at more effectively treating and managing diabetes. The aim of this research is to determine the potentials of Mangifera Indica on induced hyperglycemic rats. The materials and methods : The roots will be cut into small pieces, air-dried and 100g of the root powdered soaked , extracted in rotary evaporator, fort albino rats is used. Diabetes will be induced in rats by injecting them intraperitoneally (i.p.) with freshly prepared streptozotocin (STZ) dissolved in citrate buffer (0.1 M pH 4.5) after an overnight fast and Hyperglycemia confirmed. Thirty albino rats is randomly divided into six groups, each consisting of five rats: group 1-6. Group 1-3 control groups, NC (Normal non-treated control), DM (Negative control rats), PC (Positive Control) group 4-6 (Mangifera indica treated diabetic rats). The NC and DM (control groups) will be given distilled water, while the MI and DM + MI (experimental groups) will receive Mangifera indica extract at a dose of 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg/b.wt. Results: Day one blood glucose levels was lowered significantly (p < 0.05). Day three treatments with standard drug and 100 mg/kg body weight extract lowered blood glucose significantly (p < 0.05) close to normal after induction with alloxan. The results of selected liver test indicates that AST decreased significantly, ALT increased significantly, ALP increased significantly, TP decreased significantly, GLB decreased significantly, TB increased significantly, DB increased significantly, INDB increased significantly. The results of kidney function test show that urea increased significantly, no significant difference shown in creatinine, potassium level were raised significantly, chloride and carbon dioxide were elevated significantly.

Antibacterial Effect of Methanol Extract of Newbouldia laevis Leaves on Some Selected Resistant Pathogen on Synthesised Drugs Umaru, Kerenhappuch Isaac; Ugoeze, Egeonu Stephen; Tansaba, Akafa Andes; Nanmar, Chakfa; Danjuma, Tyem Lawal; Umaru, Isaac John
Kwaghe International Journal of Sciences and Technology Vol 1 No 1 (2024): Kwaghe International Journal of Sciences and Technology
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/kijst.v1i1.3399

Newbouldia laevis is a tropical plant belonging to the family of Bignoniaceae. It is among the most useful plants in Africa. Historically medicinal plants have been provided a good source of inspiration for novel therapeutic drugs which has made a large contribution to health and well-being of humans. It has been used over the years to as curative agents against many infections and have been exploited in the traditional medicine with their curative potentials. Material and methods: The leaves of Newbouldia laevis was bought from a local market in Wukari, Taraba State. The leaves of Newbouldia laevis was chop into pieces, air-dried for four days and then pulverized into fine powder. About 250 g of the powdered bark extracted with 2 L of ethanol using maceration method for 72 hrs. The crude extracts of Newbouldia laevis was used in antibacterial assay. The results observed demonstrate that the Newbouldia leaves methanol crude extract possesses concentration-dependent antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive resistant bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative (Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia) bacteria. The increasing inhibition zones with higher concentrations suggest a potential dose-response relationship.

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