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All Journal Media Kedokteran Hewan Jurnal Medik Veteriner
Zahrudin, Elham
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Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Medicine & Pharmacology Veterinary

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Immune Responses of Club Cells in Fish: A Review Dhamayanti, Yeni; Khairunnisa, Hanifa Khansa; Zahrudin, Elham; Bayram, Muhammet; Suciyono, Suciyono
Jurnal Medik Veteriner Vol. 7 No. 2 (2024): October
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jmv.vol7.iss2.2024.407-412

Abstract

The primary line of defense against pathogens from the environment is often fish epidermis tissue. Nevertheless, little is understood about the physiological mechanisms that underlie the non-specific and/or specific protection that these cells can offer. The exact nature of the relationship between the evolution of ostariophysan fish club cells and chemical warning signals is still unknown and controversial. Fish epidermis layer cells comprise mucus cells, lymphocytes, macrophage cells, cuboidal and squamous epithelial cells, and cells specific to certain fish species. Club cells, also called "alarm cells," are chemical alarms that sound in the event of a potentially hazardous scenario. These cells will burst in the presence of a predator, releasing pheromones that, if the skin is physically damaged, trigger an avoidance and terror reaction. In sturgeon larvae, mucus cells were visible in week 1, but club cells did not appear until week 4. Due to their later development during ontogenesis and after wounding, club cells may not have as much of a protective effect during wound healing as filament or mucus cells. Club cells are mostly found in the epidermis of the skin, and it is thought that when they work in tandem with mucus and goblet cells to fight infections, they serve as the body's first line of defense.
Identification of Gram-Negative Bacteria in the Oral Cavity of Homalopsis buccata Praja, Ratih Novita; Yudhana, Aditya; Amelia, Ezanti Nur; Ramadhan, Alfian Dzaka Fadhil; Zahrudin, Elham; Setiawati, Puji Aris; Yumna, Raissa Amelia; Andini, Zahrotul; Nor, Roslindawani Md
Media Kedokteran Hewan Vol. 36 No. 2 (2025): Media Kedokteran Hewan
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/mkh.v36i2.2025.163-172

Abstract

The kadut belang snake (Homalopsis buccata) is a semi-aquatic snake that can be aggressive when threatened. H. buccata is often used as a pet, a source of animal protein, and raw materials for leather crafts because of its relatively large size and unique pattern. The increasing trend of keeping reptiles as pets could increase the potential for transmission of bacteria to humans. The purpose of this study was to isolate and identify Aeromonas hydrophila, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Salmonella sp. from H. buccata. This type of research uses the accidental sampling method as the research design. The H. buccata criteria used in this study came from wild catches and were imported during the study period. Isolation was carried out to obtain separate bacterial colonies and identification of bacteria was carried out by Gram staining and biochemical reaction tests. Identification of Gram-Negative Bacteria in the Oral Cavity showed that A. hydrophila, E. coli, K. pneumoniae, and Salmonella sp. with a percentage of 33.3%, 11.1%, 55.5%, and 22.2% in the digestive tract of H. buccata snakes in the Mojokerto City area.
Acupuncture to Increase Animal Appetite: A Systematic Review Zahrudin, Elham; Khairunnisa, Hanifa Khansa; Afandik, Nadya Ashila; Herdiansyah, Akbar Dimas; Çalışkan, Hakan; Firdausy, Lintang Winantya
Jurnal Medik Veteriner Vol. 8 No. 2 (2025): October
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jmv.vol8.iss2.2025.445-454

Abstract

Appetite loss in animals can lead to significant health and productivity issues, particularly in agricultural systems. While pharmacological stimulants are commonly used, concerns regarding drug residues and antimicrobial resistance have led to an increased interest in natural alternatives such as acupuncture. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of acupuncture in enhancing appetite across various animal species. Following PRISMA guidelines, a comprehensive search was conducted across PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and ScienceDirect for studies published between 2013 and 2025. Inclusion criteria focused on original research investigating acupuncture effects on feed intake, appetite behavior, or appetite-related biomarkers in animals. Data from 27 eligible studies were extracted and analyzed for species, acupoints, techniques, outcomes, and quality. The majority of studies (81.5%) demonstrated a significant increase in appetite or feed intake following acupuncture, particularly electroacupuncture targeting acupoints ST36 and SP6. Hormonal analysis in several studies revealed increased ghrelin and neuropeptide Y levels and reduced cortisol concentrations. Poultry and swine responded most rapidly to treatment, while ruminants showed gradual but sustained improvements. The overall risk of bias was low to moderate. Acupuncture is a promising non-pharmacological intervention to improve animal appetite through neuroendocrine regulation. It offers a sustainable, welfare-friendly approach compatible with organic and drug-free production systems. However, further standardized, large-scale studies are needed to establish clinical protocols and confirm long-term efficacy.
Co-Authors Afandik, Nadya Ashila Amelia, Ezanti Nur Andini, Zahrotul Bayram, Muhammet Çalışkan, Hakan Firdausy, Lintang Winantya Herdiansyah, Akbar Dimas Khairunnisa, Hanifa Khansa Nor, Roslindawani Md Praja, Ratih Novita Ramadhan, Alfian Dzaka Fadhil Setiawati, Puji Aris Suciyono, Suciyono Yeni Dhamayanti Yudhana, Aditya Yumna, Raissa Amelia