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Immune Responses of Club Cells in Fish: A Review Dhamayanti, Yeni; Khairunnisa, Hanifa Khansa; Zahrudin, Elham; Bayram, Muhammet; Suciyono, Suciyono
Jurnal Medik Veteriner Vol. 7 No. 2 (2024): October
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jmv.vol7.iss2.2024.407-412

Abstract

The primary line of defense against pathogens from the environment is often fish epidermis tissue. Nevertheless, little is understood about the physiological mechanisms that underlie the non-specific and/or specific protection that these cells can offer. The exact nature of the relationship between the evolution of ostariophysan fish club cells and chemical warning signals is still unknown and controversial. Fish epidermis layer cells comprise mucus cells, lymphocytes, macrophage cells, cuboidal and squamous epithelial cells, and cells specific to certain fish species. Club cells, also called "alarm cells," are chemical alarms that sound in the event of a potentially hazardous scenario. These cells will burst in the presence of a predator, releasing pheromones that, if the skin is physically damaged, trigger an avoidance and terror reaction. In sturgeon larvae, mucus cells were visible in week 1, but club cells did not appear until week 4. Due to their later development during ontogenesis and after wounding, club cells may not have as much of a protective effect during wound healing as filament or mucus cells. Club cells are mostly found in the epidermis of the skin, and it is thought that when they work in tandem with mucus and goblet cells to fight infections, they serve as the body's first line of defense.
First Report of Blood Protozoa Infection in Wild-Caught Asian Vine Snake (Ahaetulla prasina) Putri, Valerie Brilianda; Koesdarto, Setiawan; Yudhana, Aditya; Wardhana, April Hari; Wibawati, Prima Ayu; Santosa, Gusti Ayu Illiyin Putri; Tanjung, Aldi Gusnizar Rizaldy; Kurnianto, Muhammad Aqil; Khairunnisa, Hanifa Khansa
Journal of Basic Medical Veterinary Vol. 14 No. 1 (2025): Journal of Basic Medical Veterinary, June 2025
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jbmv.v14i1.69671

Abstract

The Asian vine snake (Ahaetulla prasina) is an arboreal snake that can inhabit various types of trees in both lowland and highland areas. Based on its habitat, the Asian vine snake has a high potential to be infected by parasites. One of the parasitic diseases that can infect snakes is blood protozoa, which have the potential to be zoonotic. It can be transmitted between animals and humans through food contamination due to environmental pollution by snake feces which contain infective stage of protozoa. Clinical symptoms of this infection include lethargy, dehydration, and anorexia, which are common signs of parasitism. Case reports related to blood protozoa in snakes in the Indonesia are still very limited and have never been reported in Asian vine snake, even though many people keep Asian vine snake as exotic pets.
Ectoparasites of Wild Rats (Rattus spp.) in Banyuwangi: Prevalance, Diversity, and Potential Risks Tanjung, Aldi Gusnizar Rizaldy; Wardhana, April Hari; Yudhana, Aditya; Maulana, Muhammad Rizal; Kurnianto, Muhammad Aqil; Santosa, Gusti Ayu Illiyin Putri; Khairunnisa, Hanifa Khansa; Putri, Valerie Brilianda; Koesdarto , Setiawan
Journal of Basic Medical Veterinary Vol. 14 No. 1 (2025): Journal of Basic Medical Veterinary, June 2025
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jbmv.v14i1.71644

Abstract

This study aimed to determine the prevalence of ectoparasite infestation and all types of ectoparasites that infest wild rats (Rattus spp.) from three villages in Banyuwangi Subdistrict, namely Lateng Village, Kampung Mandar Village, and Kepatihan Village. A total of 100 wild rats of the species Rattus norvegicus and Rattus tanezumi were collected from Lateng Village, Kampung Mandar Village, and Kepatihan Village. Samples were anaesthetised based on the standard operational procedure of ethical testing and combed to obtain ectoparasites that predilect on the surface of the rat body. Ectoparasites were identified using the whole mount method natively with 10% KOH fixation, dehydration, and clearing to see the morphology of the ectoparasites.The results showed that the prevalence of ectoparasite infestation was 94% from three villages in Banyuwangi Subdistrict, consisting of 94 fleas, 38 lice, and 1,392 mites. The results of ectoparasite identification obtained five genus namely Xenopsylla, Polyplax, Hoplopleura, Laelaps, Ornithonyssus. Further research is needed to determine the prevalence of infestation and diversity in wild rats (Rattus spp.) in Indonesia.
Acupuncture to Increase Animal Appetite: A Systematic Review Zahrudin, Elham; Khairunnisa, Hanifa Khansa; Afandik, Nadya Ashila; Herdiansyah, Akbar Dimas; Çalışkan, Hakan; Firdausy, Lintang Winantya
Jurnal Medik Veteriner Vol. 8 No. 2 (2025): October
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jmv.vol8.iss2.2025.445-454

Abstract

Appetite loss in animals can lead to significant health and productivity issues, particularly in agricultural systems. While pharmacological stimulants are commonly used, concerns regarding drug residues and antimicrobial resistance have led to an increased interest in natural alternatives such as acupuncture. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of acupuncture in enhancing appetite across various animal species. Following PRISMA guidelines, a comprehensive search was conducted across PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and ScienceDirect for studies published between 2013 and 2025. Inclusion criteria focused on original research investigating acupuncture effects on feed intake, appetite behavior, or appetite-related biomarkers in animals. Data from 27 eligible studies were extracted and analyzed for species, acupoints, techniques, outcomes, and quality. The majority of studies (81.5%) demonstrated a significant increase in appetite or feed intake following acupuncture, particularly electroacupuncture targeting acupoints ST36 and SP6. Hormonal analysis in several studies revealed increased ghrelin and neuropeptide Y levels and reduced cortisol concentrations. Poultry and swine responded most rapidly to treatment, while ruminants showed gradual but sustained improvements. The overall risk of bias was low to moderate. Acupuncture is a promising non-pharmacological intervention to improve animal appetite through neuroendocrine regulation. It offers a sustainable, welfare-friendly approach compatible with organic and drug-free production systems. However, further standardized, large-scale studies are needed to establish clinical protocols and confirm long-term efficacy.