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Constructing Meaning through Deictic Expressions in EFL Student’s Poetry: A Pragmatic Analysis Egi Raputri; Eggi Pratama; Aulia Andhini; Rahma Widi; Annisa Tasyakurna; Hafni Hafsah; Ade Dwi Cahyanti
Austronesian: Journal of Language Science & Literature Vol. 5 No. 2 (2026): Austronesian: Journal of Language Science & Literature
Publisher : CV Wahana Publikasi

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Abstract

This research investigated the use of deictic expressions in students’ poems. It also explored the interpretation of deictic expressions and identified the most dominant types used in the poems. Deixis plays an important role in language use because the interpretation of deictic expressions depends on contextual information. This research occupied a descriptive qualitative approach. The data were obtained from twelve poems written by students and analyzed using Levinson’s (1983) theory of deixis, which classifies deixis into five categories: person deixis, place deixis, time deixis, discourse deixis, and social deixis. The data analysis involved identifying deictic expressions, classifying them into their respective categories, interpreting their contextual meanings, and calculating the frequency of occurrence of each type. The findings revealed that all five types of deixis were identified in the students’ poems, with a total of 214 deictic expressions found in the data. Person deixis was identified as the most dominant type with 145 occurrences (67.76%), followed by place deixis with 27 occurrences (12.62%), while time deixis and discourse deixis each occurred 20 times (9.35%). Social deixis was identified as the least frequent type with only 2 occurrences (0.93%). The findings indicate that students tended to use poetry as a medium for expressing personal emotions, experiences, and perspectives. Furthermore, this study highlights that deictic expressions play a significant role in constructing contextual meaning and assisting readers in interpreting poetic texts effectively. This research contributes to pragmatic studies in EFL contexts by demonstrating how learners employ deictic resources to develop meaning, establish relationships between textual elements, and enhance their pragmatic competence in creative writing.
Building Student Entrepreneurship Spirit Through Innovation Strategy Muliadi Rizki; Eddy Noviana; Masyitha Ramadhani; Rahma Widi; Wilda Susanti
Journal of Applied Business and Technology Vol. 7 No. 2 (2026): Jounal of Applied Business and Technology
Publisher : Institut Bisnis dan Teknologi Pelita Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35145/r50t3308

Abstract

This study consists of one variable, namely the Entrepreneurial Strategy of Community Education Students of FKIP Universitas Riau. The concept of the entrepreneurial strategy of community education students of FKIP Universitas Riau in question is an action plan prepared by entrepreneurs to achieve their business goals. This strategy includes strategic decisions and steps to develop, create, and grow a business, which is illustrated by: 1) Plan, 2) Pattern, 3) Position, and 4) Perspective. The subjects of this study amounted to 4 people who will be used as research information. The purpose of this research is to find out data and information about the Entrepreneurial Strategy of FKIP Students at Universitas Riau. The determination of the research subject is based on the consideration that the informant can provide the data and information needed in the research.