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All Journal Teosofi: Jurnal Tasawuf dan Pemikiran Islam International Journal of Law and Society
Utami, Devi Aulia
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Religion Humanities Education Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences

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Rechtsstaat from the Perspective of Al-Ghazali and Ibn Khaldun Rusli, Ris'an; Wijaya; Azwar, Alfi Julizun; Utami, Devi Aulia
International Journal of Law and Society Vol 4 No 1 (2025): International Journal of Law and Society (IJLS)
Publisher : NAJAHA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59683/ijls.v4i1.106

Abstract

The concept of a state is a closely related discourse to the lives of all humanity. However, the Holy Quran and Hadits, as guidance for Muslims, did not mention the specific form and concept of a state. Therefore, this paper will discuss the idea of a state from some Islamic intellectual perspectives, such as al-Ghazali and Ibn Khaldun. Both of them were trying to formulate the form and concept of the state. This article uses a qualitative research method with a type of library research. This type of research allows primary data sources to come from books authored by Al-Ghazali and Ibn Khaldun. At the same time, secondary data sources come from various articles and other scientific books that can support the author's arguments. To analyze their thought, this article uses comparative analysis; comparative analysis allows researchers to understand how the two thinkers view the concept of the state of law and how their thinking can be compared in different contexts.  The results of the study show that Al-Ghazali and Ibn Khaldun have similarities in emphasizing the relationship between region and politics, as well as the importance of religious principles in government. They agreed that the government must maintain order and justice. However, the difference lies in the approach and form of government; Al-Ghazali supported the monarchy, while Ibn Khaldun did not specify a specific form as long as it met the criteria for justice. Their thinking can be the basis for understanding the interaction of religion and politics in creating a just system of government. Nevertheless, this paper is limited to the views of Ghazali and ibn Khaldun to understand the thoughts of both without involving experimental empirical methods.
Mysticism and Resistance: The Nature and Relevance of Ki Ageng Mangir’s Struggle Against the Mataram Sultanate Wijaya, Wijaya; Rusli, Ris'an; Utami, Devi Aulia; Azwar, Alfi Julizun
Teosofi: Jurnal Tasawuf dan Pemikiran Islam Vol. 15 No. 1 (2025): June
Publisher : Department of Aqidah and Islamic Philosophy, Faculty of Ushuluddin and Philosophy, Sunan Ampel State Islamic University Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15642/teosofi.2025.15.1.259-287

Abstract

This article critically examines the role of the legendary king Ki Ageng Mangir, who challenged the supremacy of the Sultanate of Mataram in sixteenth-century Java. Through a historical and semiotic approach, this study highlights how Ki Ageng Mangir combined Sufistic values, local traditions, as well as Islamic, Hindu, and Buddhist elements in his resistance against the expansionist Mataram sultanate. The Sufi path functioned as an instrument of legitimacy and effective symbolic resistance to the homogenization of ideology and political control. Values such as patience, sincerity, and God-reliance were the moral values that formed the character of Ki Ageng Mangir’s model of resistance, in contrast to the centralistic model of Panembahan Senopati and the integrative model of Sunan Kalijaga. This study found that local spirituality can serve as a means of individual enlightenment as well as the foundation for collective identity and communal resistance. Resistance to power hegemony can be manifested through meaningful religious and cultural expressions, affirming the relevance of traditional spirituality as the basis for legitimacy, identity, and resistance.
Co-Authors Alfi Julizun Azwar, Alfi Julizun Farsyad, Ahmad Farid Rahman, Pathur Rusli, Ris'an Rusli, Ris’an wijaya WIJAYA WIJAYA, WIJAYA