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All Journal International Journal of Economic, Business, Accounting, Agriculture Management and Sharia Administration (IJEBAS) International Journal of Social Science, Educational, Economics, Agriculture Research, and Technology (IJSET) International Review of Practical Innovation, Technology and Green Energy (IRPITAGE) Journal of Accounting Research, Utility Finance and Digital Assets (JARUDA) International Conference on Health Science, Green Economics, Educational Review and Technology (IHERT) Journal of International Islamic Law, Human Right and Public Policy
Shabir Ahmad Lone
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Religion Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Humanities Computer Science & IT Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Energy Health Professions Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences Other

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CHANGING STATUS OF WOMEN; A HISTORICAL STUDY OF KASHMIRI SOCIETY Shabir Ahmad Lone; Javad Ahmad Mir
International Journal of Economic, Business, Accounting, Agriculture Management and Sharia Administration (IJEBAS) Vol. 4 No. 2 (2024): April
Publisher : CV. Radja Publika

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54443/ijebas.v4i6.2265

Abstract

This research paper delves into the historical evolution of the status of women in Kashmiri society, tracing the transformation of their roles, rights, and societal perceptions across different epochs. Employing a multidisciplinary approach, the study integrates historical narratives, sociological analyses, and cultural perspectives to comprehend the nuanced shifts in the position of women within the intricate fabric of Kashmiri society. The investigation commences with an exploration of prehistoric Kashmir, examining indigenous practices, societal norms, and the initial roles ascribed to women. Subsequent sections scrutinize key historical periods, including medieval times, Mughal rule, Sikh dominance, and the impact of colonialism, shedding light on how these eras influenced and, in turn, were shaped by the changing status of women. The paper also scrutinizes religious and cultural factors, emphasizing the impact of Islam on gender dynamics and the subsequent reinterpretations of religious teachings over time. It addresses the role of education, legal reforms, and socio-political movements in shaping the narrative of women's rights, showcasing the interplay between local traditions and global influences.
MYSTICAL KASHMIR: A PARADISE FOR TRAVELERS AND EXPLORERS Shabir Ahmad Lone; Rawnaq Ara Parvin
International Journal of Economic, Business, Accounting, Agriculture Management and Sharia Administration (IJEBAS) Vol. 5 No. 2 (2025): April
Publisher : CV. Radja Publika

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54443/ijebas.v5i2.2633

Abstract

The Kashmir Valley, also called the Vale of Kashmir, is an intermontane valley in the northern region of Jammu and Kashmir, a union territory governed by India. It is a key part of the larger Kashmir region, which has been subject to territorial disputes involving India, Pakistan since 1947, and China since 1962. Enclosed by the Himalayas, with the Pir Panjal Range to the southwest and the Greater Himalayas to the northeast, the valley spans approximately 135 kilometers in length and 32 kilometers in width. The Jhelum River traverses the region, which forms a major part of the Kashmir Division. Recognized as "Paradise on Earth," Kashmir is a prominent tourist destination, attracting global visitors with its breathtaking landscapes, verdant valleys, and snow-capped mountains. This study examines the region’s leading tourist attractions, highlighting its natural beauty and cultural significance.
AFGHAN RULE IN KASHMIR (1752–1819): A CULTURAL CROSSROADS Shabir Ahmad Lone; Kulatunga Mudiyanselage Rohitha Dasanayaka
International Journal of Economic, Business, Accounting, Agriculture Management and Sharia Administration (IJEBAS) Vol. 5 No. 2 (2025): April
Publisher : CV. Radja Publika

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54443/ijebas.v5i2.2643

Abstract

Kashmir, often referred to as the "Kingdom of Fairies" and "Heaven on Earth," has a rich and diverse history marked by the rule of multiple dynasties, including those of Muslim, Hindu, and Buddhist rulers. Each ruling dynasty contributed to the region’s distinct cultural heritage, shaping its identity over time. Culture, which encompasses the way of life of a community, reflects the unique characteristics of its people. The Afghan rule in Kashmir (1752–1819) was deeply rooted in Islamic principles and traditions, significantly influencing Kashmiri society. This study aims to examine the cultural values of the Afghans and their impact on Kashmiri society during this period. Historical evidence suggests that Kashmiri society underwent notable cultural and social transformations under Afghan governance. Various aspects of Kashmiri life, including social structure, customs, early marriage traditions, the status of women, language and literature, culinary practices, currency issuance, archaeological artifacts, monuments, architecture, recreational activities, theaters, the flourishing shawl industry, and the taxation system, were either directly or indirectly influenced by Afghan rule. Despite these changes, Kashmir remained a land of peace and cultural openness, embracing diverse influences and developments. This study is based on information gathered from secondary sources to analyze the cultural and social impact of Afghan rule on Kashmir.
HISTORICAL LEGACY OF TOURISM IN KASHMIR VALLEY WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO DOGRA PERIOD Shabir Ahmad Lone
Journal of International Islamic Law, Human Right and Public Policy Vol. 2 No. 2 (2024): June
Publisher : PT. Radja Intercontinental Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59733/jishup.v2i2.68

Abstract

This study delves into the historical backdrop of tourism in the Kashmir valley during the Dogra era. Despite Maharaja Gulab Singh establishing Dogra rule in 1846, little attention was given to promoting the tourism industry in Jammu and Kashmir until the establishment of the residency in 1885. It wasn't until the last two decades of the nineteenth century that Dogra rulers, in collaboration with British officials, initiated various measures to enhance tourism in Kashmir. This included improvements in communication, transportation, and infrastructure, along with the establishment of facilities to enhance air services for tourists.
RISE OF ISLAM IN KASHMIR VALLEY Shabir Ahmad Lone; Mohammad Ishaq Lone
International Review of Practical Innovation, Technology and Green Energy (IRPITAGE) Vol. 3 No. 2 (2023): July-October 2023
Publisher : RADJA PUBLIKA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54443/irpitage.v3i1.1057

Abstract

Kashmiri Muslims are ethnic Kashmiris who practice Islam and are native to the Kashmir Valley in Indian-administered Kashmir. Sunni Muslims represent almost all of Kashmiri Muslims. They call themselves "Koshur" in their own tongue. The Kashmir Valley was converted to Islam in large numbers in the fourteenth century. Mir Sayyid Ali Hamadani, a Persian Sufi mystic from Hamedan in western Iran, spurred this by reaching Kashmir three times in the 1370s and 1380s with hundreds of pupils, many of whom settled in Kashmir. Invasion of Islam began in the 12th and 13th centuries. The first Quran in Kashmir was calligraphed in 1237 AD by Fateh Ullah Kashmiri, who is understood to have been an Islamic scholar in Kashmir at the time. Bulbul Shah, also known as Syed Sharaf-ud-Din Abdur Rahman Suhrawardi, was the first Muslim missionary to set foot in Kashmir. The current essay emphasizes the expansion of Islam in Kashmir Valley and the significance of renowned Islamic scholars who spread its teachings there.
ROLE OF HISTORY IN SOCIAL SCIENCE ESPECIALLY IN ECONOMICS Hilal Ahmad Parray; Shabir Ahmad Lone
International Conference on Health Science, Green Economics, Educational Review and Technology Vol. 6 No. 2 (2024): 8th IHERT (2024): IHERT (2024) SECOND ISSUE: International Conference on Health
Publisher : Universitas Efarina

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54443/ihert.v6i2.440

Abstract

Economics and history are deeply linked. A historian of any era must have at least a basic understanding of economics because a man's activities in society are intimately tied to economic issues. Economic historians are often in a good position to respond to inquiries regarding current global economic trends and crises because they are able to frame questions about complicated economic, social, and political issues and look for patterns and results of past incidents. The current paper highlights the relation of History in social science especially with Economics and its importance in current scenario.
BARAMULLA BECKONS: A HEAVEN FOR TRAVELERS IN JAMMU AND KASHMIR Shabir Ahmad Lone; Nusrat-ul-Islam Itoo; R. Abida Begum; Mohammad Ishaq Lone
International Conference on Health Science, Green Economics, Educational Review and Technology Vol. 6 No. 2 (2024): 8th IHERT (2024): IHERT (2024) SECOND ISSUE: International Conference on Health
Publisher : Universitas Efarina

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54443/ihert.v6i2.441

Abstract

Tourism plays a pivotal role in fostering economic growth by generating revenue, creating employment, and contributing to GDP in many nations. Known for its unparalleled natural beauty, Kashmir is famously referred to as "Heaven on Earth." Within this region, Baramulla district is distinguished by its rich array of attractions, including gurudwaras, temples, monasteries, and shrines. A key highlight is Gulmarg, located at an elevation of 2,730 meters, which serves as a major tourist draw. Originally called Gauri Marg, the name was changed in the 16th century to Gulmarg, meaning "Valley of Flowers." Other notable sites in Baramulla include the Gulmarg Biosphere Reserve, Khilanmarg, Acchabal, Gondola Lift, Tangmarg, Khilanmarg Golf Course, and Parihaspora. The tourism industry in this district holds substantial potential, providing significant economic opportunities for the local population. This analysis focuses on the district’s major tourist attractions, historical sites, and geographical landmarks, highlighting their contribution to regional tourism development.
SOCIO-RELIGIOUS REFORM MOVEMENTS AS AGENTS OF COMMUNAL HARMONY IN MODERN INDIA Shabir Ahmad Lone; V.Thirumurugan
Journal of International Islamic Law, Human Right and Public Policy Vol. 3 No. 4 (2025): December
Publisher : PT. Radja Intercontinental Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59733/jishup.v3i4.167

Abstract

The interplay between socio-religious reform movements and communal harmony has been a pivotal aspect of societal transformation throughout history. Socio-religious reform movements, often arising during periods of social and political upheaval, have played critical roles in addressing and mitigating social inequalities, religious intolerance, and communal discord. This article delves into the historical context, philosophical underpinnings, and impacts of various socio-religious reform movements on fostering communal harmony, particularly in the Indian subcontinent. The 19th and early 20th centuries witnessed significant socio-religious reform movements across different cultures and religions. In India, movements such as the Brahmo Samaj, Arya Samaj, Ramakrishna Mission, self-respect movement, and the Aligarh Movement aimed to reform societal norms, religious practices, and education systems. The reform movements were not limited to Hinduism and Islam; they also encompassed efforts within Christianity, Sikhism, and other religions. The Christian missionaries, while introducing Western education and healthcare, also advocated for social reforms like the abolition of untouchability and the upliftment of marginalized communities. These movements promoted education and rational thinking, which helped dispel myths, superstitions, and prejudices that often fuelled communal tensions. By advocating for universal education, reformers ensured that people from different communities could interact and learn from each other, thus building mutual respect and understanding. The reform movements addressed social injustices and inequalities that were often at the root of communal conflicts. These movements contributed to creating a more just and equitable society by fighting against practices such as untouchability, sati, and child marriage, as well as promoting the rights and dignity of women and marginalised communities. Socio-religious reform movements have played a crucial role in promoting communal harmony by addressing social inequalities, promoting education and rational thinking, and fostering interfaith dialogue. The article underscores the need for sustained efforts to build on the legacy of these reform movements to ensure a just, equitable, and harmonious society.
PATRONAGE OF LEARNING AND THE ARTS IN MEDIEVAL KASHMIR: SULTAN ZAIN-UL-ABIDIN AND THE CULTURAL RENAISSANCE OF THE VALLEY Shabir Ahmad Lone
Journal of International Islamic Law, Human Right and Public Policy Vol. 3 No. 4 (2025): December
Publisher : PT. Radja Intercontinental Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59733/jishup.v3i4.168

Abstract

Sultan Zain-ul-Abidin (1420–1470 A.D.), popularly known as Budshah, is regarded as the most enlightened ruler of the Kashmir Sultanate. His long reign marked a decisive phase in the political stability, cultural florescence, and socio-economic development of medieval Kashmir. This study examines the multidimensional contributions of Sultan Zain-ul-Abidin, focusing on his administrative efficiency, public works, educational reforms, patronage of arts and crafts, and policy of religious tolerance. Drawing upon Persian chronicles such as Rajatarangini Dvitiya by Jonaraja and Rajatarangini Tritiya by Srivara, the paper situates his governance within both historical documentation and popular memory. The Sultan adopted a welfare-oriented approach to governance by initiating extensive public works, including irrigation canals, bridges across the Jhelum River, artificial islands in Dal Lake, hospitals, dispensaries, caravanserais, and planned urban centres like Zainapura. These measures significantly strengthened agriculture, trade, and public welfare. His commitment to education was equally remarkable; he established schools, colleges, hostels, and a royal library, sponsored translations of classical Sanskrit texts into Persian, and encouraged learning across social groups. Under his patronage, Kashmir emerged as a major centre of scholarship, attracting scholars, poets, and intellectuals from Central Asia and the Indian subcontinent. Zain-ul-Abidin also played a pivotal role in reviving and institutionalising arts and crafts such as carpet weaving, shawl making, papier-machie, wood carving, metalwork, papermaking, and bookbinding, laying the foundation of Kashmir’s renowned handicraft tradition. His religious policy, marked by tolerance and inclusivity, abolished discriminatory practices against non-Muslims and fostered interfaith harmony, contributing to the evolution of Kashmiriyat. Despite facing natural calamities and internal political challenges, his reign remained a model of benevolent and just kingship, the legacy of which continues to inspire Kashmiri society.
From Fields to Festivities: Understanding the Cultural Essence of Pongal Shabir Ahmad Lone; Eugenia Vanina; Kulatunga Mudiyanselage Rohitha Dasanayaka; Alemayehu Erkihun Engida; Rawnaq Ara Parvin; R. Abida Begum; Javad Ahmad Mir; B. Sheela
International Journal of Economic, Business, Accounting, Agriculture Management and Sharia Administration (IJEBAS) Vol. 6 No. 1 (2026): February
Publisher : CV. Radja Publika

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.19442189

Abstract

Pongal is one of the most significant harvest festivals of South India, deeply rooted in agrarian life, cultural traditions, and spiritual gratitude. Celebrated mainly in Tamil Nadu, the festival marks the end of the harvest season and expresses thankfulness to nature, the Sun God, cattle, and the land that sustains life. This study explores the cultural essence of Pongal by tracing its journey from agricultural fields to vibrant festive rituals. The preparation of Pongal rice, community gatherings, traditional music, kolam designs, and cattle worship reflect a close relationship between humans and nature. Beyond its agricultural importance, Pongal serves as a symbol of social unity, shared labor, and collective joy, strengthening bonds within families and communities. The festival also highlights values of simplicity, sustainability, and respect for natural resources. By examining Pongal as both a cultural and social event, the study reveals how this harvest celebration continues to preserve South India’s cultural identity while adapting to modern social contexts.
Co-Authors Alemayehu Erkihun Engida B. Sheela Dr. E. Ravi Dr. E.Ravi Dr. Hilal Ahmad Parray E. Ravi Eugenia Vanina Hilal Ahmad Parray Indira P Suryavanshi Iqbal Malik Irshad Ahmad Reshi Jahangeer Mohi Ud Din Javad Ahmad Mir Kulatunga Mudiyanselage Rohitha Dasanayaka Mohammad Ishaq Lone Nadeem Akhtar4 Nusrat ul Islam Itoo Nusrat-ul-Islam Itoo Prince Raina R Abida Begum R. Abida Begum Rawnaq Ara Parvin S. Nazeemunnisa Begum Sarfaraz Ahmad Rather Shamweel Iqbal Dar V.Thirumurugan