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All Journal Usadha Indonesian Journal of Pharmacology and Therapy
Handani, Dewa Ayu Sri
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health

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Pengaruh Polimorfisme Gen terhadap Risiko Penyakit Gagal Ginjal Kronis: Narrative Review Handani, Dewa Ayu Sri; Megawati, Fitria
Usadha Vol 3 No 3 (2024): Usadha: Jurnal Integrasi Obat Tradisional
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Mahasaraswati Denpasar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36733/usadha.v3i3.10956

Abstract

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is an escalating global health issue, particularly in Indonesia. CKD is characterized by a progressive and irreversible decline in renal function, with diabetes mellitus and hypertension as primary risk factors. Genetic polymorphisms, variations in DNA sequences that affect gene function and protein expression, play a critical role in CKD risk and progression. This narrative review examines the role of genetic polymorphisms in CKD risk based on available literature. Scientific articles were sourced from PubMed, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, and Scopus using keywords related to genetic polymorphisms and CKD. From the 441 articles identified, selection was based on relevance, sample size, and article completeness. Several genetic polymorphisms were found to have significant associations with increased CKD risk, including Renalase (rs2296545), GSTO1 (rs2164624), GSTO2, MMP3 (rs35068180), and MGP (rs4236), among others such as CYP24A1, GPX1, UMOD, CYP2C8, CYP4A11, EPHX2, SPP1, and BGLAP. These polymorphisms influence mechanisms such as blood pressure regulation, oxidative stress, inflammation, and tissue calcification, all contributing to CKD progression. In conclusion, genetic polymorphisms are crucial in CKD risk, offering insights for more personalized approaches in diagnosing, preventing, and treating this condition. These findings support the development of more effective, genetics-based treatment strategies in the future.
Identifikasi Senyawa Fitokimia dan Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan pada Cascara (Coffea arabica L.) Sasadara, Maria Malida Vernandes; Cahyaningsih, Erna; Yuda, Putu Era Sandhi Kusuma; Handani, Dewa Ayu Sri; Dewi, Ni Luh Kade Arman Anita; Megawati, Fitria; Tirtayasa, Gede Agus Ari
Usadha Vol 4 No 1 (2025): Usadha: Jurnal Integrasi Obat Tradisional
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Mahasaraswati Denpasar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36733/usadha.v4i1.12181

Abstract

Cascara refers to the dried husk of coffee cherries. It has garnered significant attention in recent research due to its phytochemical composition and potential health benefits. Several studies have highlighted the presence of bioactive compounds and the antioxidant activity exhibited by cascara. This study aims to investigate the phytochemical content and antioxidant potential of cascara. The cascara was extracted using the maceration method with 96% ethanol, followed by phytochemical screening for alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, terpenoids, steroids, and quinones using standard color reactions in test tubes. Antioxidant activity was assessed via the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) assay, with ascorbic acid as a reference compound. The phytochemical profile of the extract was identified using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The findings indicated that cascara contains alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, and triterpenoids. GC-MS analysis identified caffeine, hexadecanoic acid (methyl ester), and hexadecanoic acid (ethyl ester) as the predominant compounds in cascara. The antioxidant activity test using the DPPH method demonstrated that the ethanol extract of cascara possesses moderate antioxidant potential, with an average IC50 value of 108.49 ± 1.28 ppm. Ascorbic acid, the reference compound used in this study, yielded an IC50 of 2.53 ppm, categorized as very strong. This research underscores cascara’s potential as a valuable source of antioxidants with significant health benefits, influenced by geographic factors affecting its bioactive compound profile. Consequently, cascara holds promise for further development as a raw material for functional health-promoting products.
The role of angiotensin I - converting enzyme (ACE) insertion/deletion gene polymorphism in hypertension and ACE inhibitor therapy: a narrative review Handani, Dewa Ayu Sri; Zullies Ikawati; Hermawan, Adam
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacology and Therapy Vol 4 No 3 (2023)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing Universitas Gadjah Mada and Indonesian Pharmacologist Association or Ikatan Farmakologi Indonesia (IKAFARI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijpther.8281

Abstract

Primary hypertension is the most prevalent type of hypertension, which is primarily attributed to genetic factors. The angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene has emerged as a prominent candidate among the genetic factors influencing blood pressure regulation. The ACE gene encodes the ACE, which plays a crucial role in the renin-angiotensin system. The ACE gene insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism is a variation of the ACE gene that affects blood pressure regulation. Individuals with II, ID, and DD genotypes may exhibit distinct ACE plasma concentrations, potentially contributing to variations in blood pressure levels and response to ACE inhibitor therapy. This article aimed to provide a comprehensive overview of the relationship between the ACE I/D gene with hypertension and angiotensin-converting enzym inhibitor (ACEI) effectiveness. This article presents a narrative review encompassing relevant studies published between 2013 and 2023. A systematic search was conducted using reputable databases such as PubMed, Science Direct, and Scopus. Inclusion criteria were applied, resulting in the selection of 25 articles that met the predefined criteria. The analysis included 25 studies, comprising 5 articles that investigated the impact of ACEI therapy and 20 articles that examined the ACE I/D gene polymorphism in hypertensive populations without ACEI therapy. It can be concluded that compared to the I allele, the D allele of the ACE I/D gene is associated with a higher level of essential hypertension and a reduced ACEI response.
Co-Authors Adam Hermawan Erna Cahyaningsih Megawati, Fitria Ni Luh Kade Arman Anita Dewi Putu Era Sandhi Kusuma Yuda Sasadara, Maria Malida Vernandes Tirtayasa, Gede Agus Ari