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All Journal International Journal of Biosciences and Biotechnology Indonesian Journal of Medicine JPSCR : Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Clinical Research Jurnal Riset Kefarmasian Indonesia Jurnal Aplikasi dan Inovasi Iptek (JASINTEK) Jurnal Ilmiah Medicamento Jurnal WIDYA LAKSMI (Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat) Usadha Medical Sains : Jurnal Ilmiah Kefarmasian
Sasadara, Maria Malida Vernandes
Departemen Farmasi Bahan Alam, Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Mahasaraswati Denpasar, Jl. Kamboja No.11A Denpasar, Indonesia, 80233.
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Environmental Science Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health Other

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UJI IN VIVO TAHAP PREKLINIS TERHADAP EKSTRAK BATANG PISANG (Musa paradisiaca L.) SEBAGAI ANTIINFLAMASI TOPIKAL Dewi, Ni Luh Kade Arman Anita; Yuda, Putu Era Sandhi Kusuma; Suarnata, I Gede Agus; Sasadara, Maria Malida Vernandes
Jurnal Riset Kefarmasian Indonesia Vol 3 No 2 (2021): Jurnal Riset Kefarmasian Indonesia
Publisher : APDFI (Asosiasi Pendidikan Diploma Farmasi Indonesia)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33759/jrki.v3i2.129

Abstract

Inflammation is a normal protective response to tissue injury caused by physical trauma, chemical damage, or microbiological substances. Banana stems (Musa paradisiaca L.) have been empirically believed for their topical anti-inflammatory properties. The purpose of this study was to scientifically evaluate the in vivo preclinical anti-inflammatory activity of banana stems. This research was designed experimentally using twenty-five albino male rats which were divided into five groups: the positive control group which received sodium diclofenac gel, the negative control group which received gel basis preparation without any active ingredient, and three experimental groups which received banana stem extract gel in three different concentrations, 5%, 10%, and 15%. Every five rats of every group were firstly injected with 1% of carrageenan, and the anti-inflammatory effect was evaluated every hour for 4 hours using a plethysmometer. The collected data were statistically evaluated. The results showed that banana stem extract gel with concentrations of 15% produced the best anti-inflammatory effect, compared to other gel concentrations. In conclusion, the preparation of 15% banana stem extract gel can be applied as potential topical anti-inflammatory preparation.
IN VIVO ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY OF DADAP LEAVES (Erythrina subumbrans (Hassk.) Merr) Ni Luh Kade Arman Anita Dewi; Ni Luh Sintya; Maria Malida Vernandes Sasadara; Erna Cahyaningsih; Putu Era Sandhi Kusuma Yuda; Puguh Santoso
International Journal of Biosciences and Biotechnology Vol 9 No 1 (2021): INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOSCIENCES AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
Publisher : Central Laboratory for Genetic Resource and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, Udayana University in cooperation with Asia-Oceania Bioscience and Biotechnology Consortium (AOBBC)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/IJBB.2021.v09.i01.p03

Abstract

Leguminosae is widely known for its anti-inflammatory properties due to the presence of several beneficial phytochemicals, including alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids, and saponins. Dadap (Erythrina subumbrans (Hassk.) Merr), a Leguminosae member, has empirically been used to treat inflammation. This research aimed to prove the anti-inflammatory effect of Dadap leaves scientifically. Dadap leaves were macerated in 96% ethanol to produced crude ethanol extract, followed by in vivo anti-inflammatory assay with the paw edema method. Three different doses of extract: 200, 300, and 400mg/kg BW, were administrated to Wistar rats to observed its ability in reducing carrageenan-induced inflammatory. All extract doses produced similar anti-inflammatory activity as compared to diclofenac sodium as a positive control. There is no significant difference among the three different doses. The results indicated that all treatment doses produced anti-inflammatory activity, but 200mg/kg BW administration was most efficient.
ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF THE TOPICAL PREPARATION OF BULUNG SANGU (Gracilaria spp) EXTRACT Maria Malida Vernandes Sasadara; I Gede Putu Wirawan; Made Sritamin; I Ketut Suada; Wayan Adiartayasa
International Journal of Biosciences and Biotechnology Vol 7 No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Central Laboratory for Genetic Resource and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, Udayana University in cooperation with Asia-Oceania Bioscience and Biotechnology Consortium (AOBBC)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (194.155 KB) | DOI: 10.24843/IJBB.2020.v07.i02.p04

Abstract

Bulung Sangu (Gracilaria spp) as many other macroalgae, is a source of beneficial phytochemical for health. Phytochemicals in macroalgae are widely used as active ingredients in cosmetic preparations. The study was aimed to determine the antioxidant properties of Bulung Sangu formulated in topical preparation. Bulung Sangu was macerated in ethanol 96% following by extract formulation in cream preparation in two concentrations: 5% and 10%. Antioxidant activity was determined against DPPH radical, compared to ascorbic acid. Percentage of reducing power in five concentration series (10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 µm/ml) statistical analyzes using one-way ANOVA with 95% of confidence level, following by IC50 measurement. Absorbance was read in wavelength of 517 nm. Concentration of 5% and 10% cream extract exhibited IC50 of 13,091 µg/ml and 11,867 µg/ml, respectively. These values are lower than IC50 of ascorbic acid (18,505 µg/ml), indicating the strong antioxidant properties of Bulung Sangu extract cream which is more potential than ascorbic acid. Bulung Sangu exhibit a potential source for being developed as medicine and cosmetics in topical preparation.
Aktivitas Anti-Inflamasi Minyak Herbal Tradisional Dari Bahan Usada Bali Pada Mencit Inflamasi Yang Diinduksi Karagenan Putu Era Sandhi Kusuma Yuda; I Made Agus Mahardika; Erna Cahyaningsih; Maria Malida Vernandes Sasadara; Ni Made Dwi Mara Widyani Nayaka; Ni Luh Kade Arman Anita Dewi
JPSCR: Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Clinical Research Vol 7, No 3 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/jpscr.v7i3.60529

Abstract

Peradangan sendi atau artritis merupakan salah satu penyakit inflamasi kronis yang memerlukan penggunaan obat jangka panjang. Penggunaan obat artritis seperti metotreksat dan NSAID dalam waktu lama dapat menimbulkan berbagai efek samping serius, sehingga diperlukan alternatif pengobatan yang relatif lebih aman terutama dari bahan herbal. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menguji aktivitas anti-inflamasi minyak herbal tradisional Usada Bali dari bahan Jahe (Zingiber officinale), Kunyit (Curcuma longa), Kencur (Kaemferia galanga), Bangle (Zingiber montanum), Cengkeh (Syzigium aromaticum) dan Kayu Manis (Cinnamomum burmanii) pada mencit inflamasi yang diinduksi karagenan melalui pengujian secara topikal. Mencit dibagi empat kelompok yang terdiri dari kelompok kontrol negatif (pembawa), kontrol positif (Natrium Diklofenak topikal), minyak herbal 150 dan 300 mg/ml. Volume peradangan kaki mencit diukur dengan alat pletismometer setiap jam selama empat jam setelah diinduksi dengan karagenan 0,5% (b/v) subplantar, kemudian diuji secara statistik (Mann-Whitney) dengan taraf kepercayaan 95%. Skrining fitokimia menunjukkan bahwa minyak herbal mengandung senyawa flavonoid, terpenoid dan steroid. Hasil uji aktivitas anti-inflamasi menunjukan adanya penghambatan peradangan yang signifikan (p<0,05) oleh minyak herbal konsentrasi 150 mg/ml maupun 300 mg/ml dengan persentase penghambatan pada jam ke-4 masing-masing sebesar 16,52% dan 11,30%, serta tidak berbeda bermakna dibandingkan kontrol positif (p>0,05). Hasil tersebut menunjukkan adanya potensi  minyak herbal Usada Bali sebagai anti-inflamasi topikal.
Pengaruh Proses Pengolahan Terhadap Kadar Glukosa Dan Serat Total Rumput Laut Bulung Sangu (Gracilaria sp.) Maria Malida Vernandes Sasadara; Ni Ketut Ayu Parwati Pooja; Ni Made Renita Putri
Jurnal Aplikasi dan Inovasi Iptek Vol 4 No 1 (2022): Jurnal Aplikasi dan Inovasi Iptek No. 4 Vol. 1 Oktober, 2022
Publisher : Denpasar Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52232/jasintek.v4i1.92

Abstract

Rumput laut Bulung sangu (Glacilaria sp.) merupakan sumber pangan dengan karbohidrat dan serat yang tinggi. Proses pengolahan bulung sangu dapat mempengaruhi kadar glukosa dan serat yang dikandungnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh proses perebusan terhadap kadar glukosa dan serat total pada bulung sangu. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental laboratorium. Penetapan kadar glukosa dilakukan dengan metode fenol sedangkan serat total menggunakan metode dari AOAC. Analisis statistika dilakukan menggunakan metode T tidak berpasangan dengan taraf kepercayaan 95%. Hasil penelitian menunjukan kadar glukosa pada 500mg bulung sangu rebus sebesar 226,06 ± 7,42 mg dan bulung sangu segar sebesar 184,44 ± 10,87 mg sedangkan kadar serat total sebesar 83,93 ± 2.31mg pada bulung sangu segar dan 81,1 ± 3.99 mg pada bulung sangu rebus. Hasil analisis statistik menunjukan terdapat perbedaan bermakna pada kadar glukosa (p < 0.05), namun tidak bermakna pada kadar serat total (p>0.05). Dapat disimpulkan bahwa proses perebusan secara signifikan mempengaruhi kadar glukosa, tetapi tidak mempengaruhi kadar serat total secara bermakna pada bulung sangu
Kandungan Flavonoid Total dan Aktivitas Antioksidan dari Ekstrak Polaritas yang Berbeda dari Daun Pereskia bleo Nayaka, Ni Made Dwi Mara Widyani; Cahyaningsih, Erna; Sasadara, Maria Malida Vernandes; Yuda, Putu Era Sandhi Kusuma; Indriani, Felia Riska
Jurnal Ilmiah Medicamento Vol 9 No 2 (2023): Jurnal Ilmiah Medicamento
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Mahasaraswati Denpasar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36733/medicamento.v9i2.6290

Abstract

Antioxidant agents are essential for the body due to its ability to scavenge free radicals. Medicinal plants contain phytochemicals that act as antioxidants. The current research aimed to determine the total flavonoid content (TFC) and antioxidant activity of Pereskia bleo leaves extracts from various solvents with different polarities. The nonpolar solvent (n-hexane) was used as the first step of extraction and its residues were then macerated using semi-polar (ethyl acetate) and polar (ethanol 96%) solvents consecutively. The TFC was determined using the colorimetric method while antioxidant activity was examined through the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method. Antioxidant activity was presented as Inhibitory Concentration 50 (IC50) and Antioxidant Activity Index (AAI). It is noticeable that among analyzed extracts, the ethyl acetate extract of P. bleo leaves contained the highest flavonoid content (15.052 ± 0.172 g quercetin equivalent/100 g extract). Furthermore, the greatest antioxidant activity was obtained from n-hexane extract with the value of IC50 and AAI being 217.307 ppm and 0.230, respectively. Pearson coefficient correlation (r) between TFC and AAI was -0.106. The current study concluded that P. bleo leaves extracts using solvents with different polarities showed variation in TFC values and antioxidant activity. Moreover, TFC was not the main contributor to the antioxidant activity of P. bleo leaves extracts.
Mini Review: Potensi Ekstrak Daun Salam (Syzygium polyanthum (Wight) Walp) sebagai Antibakteri Yuda, Putu Era Sandhi Kusuma; Pramesti , Luh Ratih Widhia; Widyani Nayaka , Ni Made Dwi Mara; Anita Dewi, Ni Luh Kade Arman; Cahyaningsih, Erna; Sasadara, Maria Malida Vernandes
Usadha Vol 3 No 3 (2024): Usadha: Jurnal Integrasi Obat Tradisional
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Mahasaraswati Denpasar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36733/usadha.v3i3.7036

Abstract

  Infectious diseases by bacteria are one of the problems in the world of health. The therapy that can be given to people with bacterial infections is antibiotics. However, the increasing incidence of antibiotic resistance and bacterial infections requires other antibiotic alternatives such as those sourced from natural materials. Bay leaf (Syzygium polyanthum (Wight) Walp) included in the Myrtaceae family is one of the plants that is widely known among Indonesian people which empirically has properties in curing various diseases. Bay leaves are known to contain secondary metabolite compounds such as flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, saponins, triterpenoids, steroids, eugenol, and essential oils that function as antibacterials. This literature review aims to discuss the antibacterial activity of bay leaves against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria as well as the components of active compounds in bay leaves and their mechanism as antibacterials. The method used in the preparation of this review article is the literature study method. This research uses secondary data taken from the results of other researchers' research in the form of scientific articles that have been published in national and international scientific journals with a year limit from 2014 to 2023. Based on the literature study that has been done, it is known that bay leaves have potential as antibacterials against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. The antibacterial activity is known to be related to the content of active compounds such as flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, saponins, triterpenoids, steroids, phenols, and essential oils.
Karagenan Rumput Laut Merah Bali (Gracilaria sp.) sebagai Antibakteri terhadap Delapan Bakteri Patogen Sasadara, Maria Malida Vernandes; Cahyaningsih, Erna; Dewi, Ni Luh Kade Arman Anita; Yuda, Putu Era Sandhi Kusuma; Wardani, I Gusti Agung Ayu Kusuma; Juliadi, Debby; Putri, Ni Kadek Dila Pratiwi; Putri, Ni Kadek Nisa Leoni; Darmawan, I Wayan Agus; Yanti, Ni Kadek Pradnya
Jurnal Ilmiah Medicamento Vol 11 No 1 (2025): Jurnal Ilmiah Medicamento
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Mahasaraswati Denpasar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36733/medicamento.v11i1.10349

Abstract

The increase in infection cases every year, coupled with the rise in resistance cases, increases the urgency of exploring antimicrobial agents. Gracilaria sp. is a red seaweed that is widely known as one of the potential producers of active metabolites, sulfated polysaccharides. Carrageenan is one form of sulfated polysaccharide that has antimicrobial activity. This study was conducted to evaluate the antibacterial activity of carrageenan derived from Gracilaria sp. against several pathogenic bacteria, including Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterococcus faecalis, Streptococcus pyogenes, and Salmonella typhi. Carrageenan was extracted from Gracilaria sp. samples obtained from the South Denpasar area (Bali) using KOH. An antibacterial activity assay of carrageenan was carried out using an agar well diffusion method with nutrient agar media. Tests were conducted at concentrations of 1 and 5 mg/mL (E. coli and S. epidermidis), 20, 30, 40 mg/mL (S. aureus, S. pyrogenes, E. faecalis, and S. typhi), 50, 75, and 100 mg/mL (P. aeruginosa and K. pneumoniae). Incubation was carried out for 24 hours at ± 37 °C. Data were analyzed statistically by one-way ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis with a 95% confidence level. The results showed that carrageenan extracted from Gracilaria sp. exhibited significant antibacterial activity against several pathogenic bacteria, especially gram-negative bacteria. The antibacterial activity produced in this study was proportional to the increase in concentration, where the inhibitory activity produced increased as the concentration of carrageenan increased. It can be concluded that carrageenan has the potential to be an antibacterial.
Pengaruh Pemberian Ekstrak Kunyit Putih (Curcuma zedoaria Rosc.) terhadap Kadar Malondialdehid (MDA) Tikus Putih (Rattus norvegicus) yang Terpapar Asap Rokok Putra, I Made Agus Sunadi; Suwantara, I Putu Tangkas; Sasadara, Maria Malida Vernandes; Udayani, Ni Nyoman Wahyu
Jurnal Ilmiah Medicamento Vol 11 No 1 (2025): Jurnal Ilmiah Medicamento
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Mahasaraswati Denpasar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36733/medicamento.v11i1.10793

Abstract

Cigarette smoke generates free radicals that induce oxidative stress and damage various biomolecules in the body. An increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) levels is a key marker of oxidative stress. The body’s antioxidant mechanisms rely on compounds capable of neutralizing free radicals. White turmeric (Curcuma zedoaria Rosc.) contains antioxidant compounds predicted to prevent oxidative damage, though its in vivo potential remains to be proven. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of white turmeric ethanol extract on MDA levels in male Wistar rats (Rattus novergicus) exposed to cigarette smoke. A post-test only control group design was employed. The rats were divided into five groups: healthy control (P1), smoke-exposed control (P2), extract-treated groups receiving 100 mg/kgBW (P3) and 200 mg/kgBW (P4), and a positive control group receiving vitamin C (P5). Cigarette smoke exposure was administered for 14 days, and blood samples were collected from the orbital vein on day 15. MDA levels were measured using the ELISA method. The mean MDA levels (mmol/ml) for P1 to P5 were 0.118, 0.121, 0.094, 0.059, and 0.089, respectively. ANOVA and post hoc LSD tests (α = 0.05) showed a significant difference between P2 and P4 (p < 0.05), while no significant differences were found between P3, P4, and P5. In conclusion, white turmeric extract at 200 mg/kgBW significantly reduced MDA levels and demonstrated antioxidant activity comparable to that of vitamin C.
Identifikasi Senyawa Fitokimia dan Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan pada Cascara (Coffea arabica L.) Sasadara, Maria Malida Vernandes; Cahyaningsih, Erna; Yuda, Putu Era Sandhi Kusuma; Handani, Dewa Ayu Sri; Dewi, Ni Luh Kade Arman Anita; Megawati, Fitria; Tirtayasa, Gede Agus Ari
Usadha Vol 4 No 1 (2025): Usadha: Jurnal Integrasi Obat Tradisional
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Mahasaraswati Denpasar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36733/usadha.v4i1.12181

Abstract

Cascara refers to the dried husk of coffee cherries. It has garnered significant attention in recent research due to its phytochemical composition and potential health benefits. Several studies have highlighted the presence of bioactive compounds and the antioxidant activity exhibited by cascara. This study aims to investigate the phytochemical content and antioxidant potential of cascara. The cascara was extracted using the maceration method with 96% ethanol, followed by phytochemical screening for alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, terpenoids, steroids, and quinones using standard color reactions in test tubes. Antioxidant activity was assessed via the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) assay, with ascorbic acid as a reference compound. The phytochemical profile of the extract was identified using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The findings indicated that cascara contains alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, and triterpenoids. GC-MS analysis identified caffeine, hexadecanoic acid (methyl ester), and hexadecanoic acid (ethyl ester) as the predominant compounds in cascara. The antioxidant activity test using the DPPH method demonstrated that the ethanol extract of cascara possesses moderate antioxidant potential, with an average IC50 value of 108.49 ± 1.28 ppm. Ascorbic acid, the reference compound used in this study, yielded an IC50 of 2.53 ppm, categorized as very strong. This research underscores cascara’s potential as a valuable source of antioxidants with significant health benefits, influenced by geographic factors affecting its bioactive compound profile. Consequently, cascara holds promise for further development as a raw material for functional health-promoting products.
Co-Authors Ade Irma Suryani Anak Agung Vivi Noviyanti Anita Dewi, Ni Luh Kade Arman Apriliani, Ni Luh Putri Buana, Komang Dirga Mega Budayasa, I Putu Gede Candraningrat, I Dewa Agung Ayu Diva Darmawan, I Wayan Agus Debby Juliadi Dewa Ayu Arintini Kusuma Dewi Ani Anjani Dewi, Ni Kadek Dwi Purnama Erna Cahyaningsih Erna Cahyaningsih Handani, Dewa Ayu Sri I Dewa Gede Agung Pandawana I Dewa Made Adi Baskara Joni I GEDE PUTU WIRAWAN I Made Agus Mahardika I Wayan Mahardika Saputra Indriani, Felia Riska Luh Putri Dianti Laksmi MADE SRITAMIN Megawati, Fitria Mendra, Ni Nyoman Yudianti Ni Kadek Jessica Agustin Ni Ketut Ayu Parwati Pooja Ni Luh Gede Erica Fridayana Ni Luh Kade Arman Anita Dewi Ni Luh Kade Arman Anita Dewi Ni Luh Sintya Ni Made Dwi Mara Widyani Nayaka Ni Made Renita Putri Ni Nyoman Ita Trisnadewi Ni Nyoman Wahyu Udayani Ni Nyoman Zelina Aswindari Ni Putu Arie Leony Kertita Partama, I GD. Yudha Pebriani, Ni Luh Gede Wiwin Pramesti , Luh Ratih Widhia Prawitasari, Putu Putri Puguh Santoso Putra, I Made Agus Sunadi Putri, Ni Kadek Dila Pratiwi Putri, Ni Kadek Nisa Leoni Putu Era Sandhi Kusuma Yuda Suarnata, I Gede Agus Suwantara, I Putu Tangkas Tirtayasa, Gede Agus Ari Wardani, I Gusti Agung Ayu Kusuma WAYAN ADIARTAYASA Widyani Nayaka , Ni Made Dwi Mara Wiranata, I Gede Yanti, Ni Kadek Pradnya Yundari, Yundari