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Studi Karakteristik Kimia Tanah Pada Berbagai Kelerengan di Lahan Agroforestri Berbasis Gaharu (Aquilaria malaccensis) : Study of Soil Chemical Characteristics at Various Slopes in Agarwood-Based Agroforestry Land (Aquilaria malaccensis) Hamzah, Hamzah; Rumondang, Jenny; Dinanty, Fawwaz; Safira, Doani Anggi; Puri, Suci Ratna; Farikhah, Anisatul; Nisya, Dian; Siregar, Helmalia Vareira
Jurnal Silva Tropika Vol. 8 No. 2 (2024): Jurnal Silva Tropika
Publisher : Fakultas Kehutanan Universitas Jambi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22437/jurnalsilvatropika.v8i2.38373

ABSTRACT The research was conducted on agarwood agroforestry land (Aquilaria malaccensis) in Muaro Pijoan Village, Muaro Jambi Regency, which has an ultisol soil type with a land slope of 3,33% and 7,27%. Agarwood was planted at a distance of 2 x 3 meters on an area of 2 hectares since 2007. Analysis was conducted on various soil chemical properties such as pH, C-Organic, N, P, and K and Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC) in three locations with different slopes. Results showed that soil pH at the study sites ranged from 4-4,05, indicating very high acidity, while C-Organic and CEC contents were low. Nitrogen and phosphorus contents also varied based on slope, potentially affecting agarwood growth. The highest increments in diameter (0,945 cm/year) and height (0,552 m/year) were observed on land with a 7,27% slope. These findings indicate the importance of soil chemistry and slope in supporting agarwood productivity in ultisol agroforestry. Keywords: agarwood, nutrient elements, organic carbon, pH ABSTRAK. Penelitian dilakukan pada lahan agroforestry berbasis gaharu (Aquilaria malaccensis) di Desa Muaro Pijoan, Kabupaten Muaro Jambi, yang memiliki jenis tanah ultisol dengan kemiringan lahan 3,33% dan 7,27%. Gaharu ditanam pada jarak 2 x 3 meter di lahan seluas 2 hektar sejak tahun 2007. Analisis dilakukan terhadap berbagai sifat kimia tanah seperti pH, C-Organik, N, P, dan K serta Kapasitas Tukar Kation KTK) di tiga lokasi dengan kemiringan berbeda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pH tanah di lokasi penelitian berkisar pada 4-4,05, menunjukkan tingkat keasaman yang sangat tinggi, sementara kandungan C-Organik dan KTK tergolong rendah. Kandungan nitrogen dan fosfor juga bervariasi berdasarkan kemiringan lahan, yang berpotensi mempengaruhi pertumbuhan gaharu. Riap diameter dan tinggi tanaman gaharu tertinggi ditemukan pada lahan dengan kemiringan 7,27%, dengan riap diameter tahunan rata-rata sebesar 0,945 cm/tanaman/tahun dan riap tinggi sebesar 0,552 m/tanaman/tahun. Temuan ini menunjukkan pentingnya sifat kimia tanah dan kemiringan lahan dalam mendukung produktivitas tanaman gaharu di agroforestri ultisol. Kata kunci: gaharu, unsur hara, karbon organic, pH

Sosialisasi kelestarian alam dan aksi penanaman dengan teknik silvikultur di lingkungan SMAN 12 Kota Jambi Dinanty, Fawwaz; Farikhah, Anisatul; Nisya, Dian; Yandi, Wahyu Nazri; Safira, Doani Anggi
Jurnal Oase Nusantara Vol 4 No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Balai Pengembangan Penjaminan Mutu Pendidikan Vokasi Bidang Kelautan Perikanan Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi

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Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kesadaran siswa terhadap pentingnya pelestarian lingkungan melalui sosialisasi dan aksi penanaman pohon dengan teknik silvikultur. Kegiatan dilaksanakan di SMAN 12 Kota Jambi dengan melibatkan 29 peserta siswa. Metode yang digunakan mencakup pretest, sosialisasi, diskusi interaktif, pemutaran video edukatif, posttest, serta praktik penanaman pohon secara langsung. Materi yang disampaikan mencakup fungsi pohon, dampak kerusakan lingkungan, serta teknik penanaman yang ramah lingkungan. Hasil evaluasi menunjukkan adanya peningkatan pengetahuan peserta sebesar 33% berdasarkan perbandingan hasil pretest dan posttest. Kegiatan ini berhasil menumbuhkan pemahaman dan sikap peduli terhadap lingkungan pada diri peserta, serta memperkuat karakter gotong royong dalam menjaga kelestarian alam di lingkungan sekolah. Partisipasi aktif siswa dalam praktik penanaman menunjukkan bahwa pendekatan edukatif berbasis pengalaman nyata efektif dalam menumbuhkan kesadaran lingkungan di kalangan generasi muda.

Pengaruh Pemberian Kompos Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit Terhadap Pertumbuhan Tanaman Sungkai (Peronema canescens Jack) Di Lapangan: The Effect of Compost of Palm Oil Empty Fruit Bunches for Growth of Sungkai (Peronema Canescens Jack) In the Field Nisya, Dian; Tamin, Rike Puspitasari; Refliaty, Refliaty
Jurnal Silva Tropika Vol. 9 No. 1 (2025): Jurnal Silva Tropika
Publisher : Fakultas Kehutanan Universitas Jambi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22437/jurnalsilvatropika.v9i1.44333

ABSTRACT Sungkai (Peronema canescens Jack) is a locally significant commercial species whose wood production is currently declining. Therefore, it is essential to implement development and cultivation measures to enhance the production of roundwood, which can be achieved through the development of plantation forests. Palm Oil Empty Fruit Bunch Compost (TKKS) is an organic fertilizer that can be applied to ultisol land designated for planting sungkai. TKKS compost contains essential nutrients required by the soil and plants, specifically N 15%, P 0,5%, K 7,3%, and Mg 0,9%. This study employed a Randomized Block Design (RBD) based on a slope gradient of 9%. The design consisted of six treatments with four experimental groups, resulting in a total of 24 experimental plots. Each plot contained nine plants, three of which were designated as samples. The treatments tested included varying doses of TKKS compost: b0: no TKKS compost, b1: 2 kg per planting hole, b2: 4 kg per planting hole, b3: 6 kg per planting hole, b4: 8 kg per planting hole, and b5: 10 kg per planting hole. The results indicated that the application of TKKS compost improved the physical and chemical properties of the soil, including pH, organic carbon, bulk density, and soil total nutrient content. Furthermore, the application of TKKS compost significantly enhanced the growth parameters of sungkai, such as height, diameter, leaf count, dry weight of the canopy, and dry weight of the roots, with the best treatment being b2 (4 kg per planting hole). Keywords: compost, Peronema canescens Jack., ultisol ABSTRAK Sungkai (Peronema canescens Jack) merupakan salah satu jenis komersial lokal yang saat ini produksi akan kayunya semakin menurun, sehingga perlu dilakukannya pengembangan dan tindakan budidaya untuk meningkatkan kembali produksi kayu bulat yang dapat ditempuh melalui pengembangan hutan tanaman. Kompos Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit (TKKS) merupakan salah satu pupuk organik yang dapat diberikan pada lahan ultisol yang akan ditanami sungkai. Kompos TKKS sendiri memiliki kandungan unsur hara yang dibutuhkan tanah dan tanaman yaitu N 15%, P 0,5%, K 7,3% dan Mg 0,9%. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) yang didasarkan atas tingkat kelerengan dengan total 9%. Rancangan ini terdiri dari 6 perlakuan dengan 4 kelompok percobaan, sehingga terdapat 24 petak percobaan. Masing-masing petak percobaan ditempatkan sebanyak 9 tanaman yang diantaranya terdapat 3 tanaman sebagai sampel. Perlakuan yang dicobakan adalah dosis kompos TKKS yang terdiri atas b0: tanpa kompos TKKS, b1: 2 kg/lubang tanam, b2: 4 kg/lubang tanam, b3: 6 kg/lubang tanam, b4: 8 kg/lubang tanam dan b5: 10 kg/lubang tanam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian kompos TKKS dapat memperbaiki sifat fisik dan kimia tanah berupa pH, C-organik, BV dan TRP tanah, selain itu pemberian kompos TKKS juga dapat meningkatkan pertambahan tinggi, diameter, jumlah daun, berat kering tajuk dan berat kering akar tanaman sungkai dengan dosis b2 (4 kg/lubang tanam) sebagai perlakuan terbaiknya. Katakunci: kompos tandan kosong kelapa sawit (TKKS), Peronema canescens Jack., ultisol

Dinamika Pertumbuhan dan Akumulasi Serasah Tanaman Pionir Pada Lahan Bekas Tambang Batubara: Kajian Kondisi Fisik Tanah Pasca Penanaman: Dynamics of Growth and Litter Accumulation of Pioneer Vegetation on Former Coal Mining Land: A Study of Soil Physical Conditions Post Planting Nisya, Dian; Nurjanto, Handojo Hadi; Faridah, Eny
Jurnal Silva Tropika Vol. 9 No. 2 (2025): Jurnal Silva Tropika
Publisher : Fakultas Kehutanan Universitas Jambi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22437/jurnalsilvatropika.v9i2.51799

ABSTRACT Sengon (Falcataria moluccana), Mahoni (Swietenia macrophylla), and Jabon (Anthocephalus cadamba) are pioneer vegetation species commonly found in post-coal mining areas in Jambi, Indonesia. Each species exerts a distinct influence on soil development acceleration, linked to the accumulation of organic matter derived from overlying vegetation, including litter and root exudates. Therefore, long-term evaluation of the growth of these pioneer plants is essential to understand their effectiveness in post-mining land conditions. This study aims to integrate the analysis of plant growth, litter accumulation, and soil physical conditions within a holistic framework, which can serve as a reference for the impacts of revegetation following coal mining in tropical regions. The research was conducted from April to September 2022. Field observations, including plant growth measurements, litter and understory vegetation sampling, and soil sampling, were performed in the coal mining concession area of PT Nan Riang, while soil physical property tests were carried out in the Soil Fertility Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Jambi. Data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) at a 5% significance level and the Least Significant Difference (LSD) test. Results indicate that five-year-old Sengon, Mahoni, and Jabon plants in the post-coal mining area in Jambi have average heights of 18.3 m, 9.9 m, and 11.17 m; stem diameters of 15.6 cm, 4.3 cm, and 9.8 cm; and canopy diameters of 2.2 m, 0.47 m, and 1.2 m. Litter accumulation from the three pioneer species at the study site ranged from 4 to 18 tons per hectare, with Jabon producing the highest litter accumulation, followed by Sengon and Mahoni. Furthermore, planting pioneer species in post-coal mining areas has been shown to improve soil physical properties compared to control sites, attributed to the organic matter content derived from understory and pioneer plant litter. Key words: litter accumulation, pioneer vegetation, soil physical properties ABSTRAK Sengon (Falcataria moluccana), mahoni (Swietenia macrophylla) dan jabon (Anthocephalus cadamba), merupakan vegetasi pionir yang dapat dijumpai pada areal bekas tambang batubara di Jambi. Tiap jenis vegetasi, tentu akan memberikan pengaruh yang berbeda terhadap percepatan perkembangan tanah. Hal ini berhubungan dengan akumulasi bahan organik yang berasal dari vegetasi yang ada di atasnya, berupa serasah dan eksudasi akar. Sehingga, evaluasi jangka panjang terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman pionir ini diperlukan untuk memahami efektivitasnya dalam kondisi lahan pasca tambang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengintegrasikan analisis pertumbuhan tanaman, akumulasi serasah, dan kondisi fisik tanah dalam satu kerangka holistik, yang dapat dijadikan sebagai acuan dampak revegetasi pasca penambangan batubara di daerah tropika. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada April - September 2022. Penelitian lapangan berupa pengamatan pertumbuhan tanaman, pengambilan sampel serasah dan tumbuhan bawah, hingga pengambilan sampel tanah dilaksanakan pada wilayah izin usaha pertambangan batubara PT Nan Riang, sedangkan Pengujian sifat fisik tanah dilakukan di Laboratorium Kesuburan Tanah Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Jambi. Data pengamatan dianalisis menggunakan Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) pada taraf 5% dan uji Least Significance Different (LSD). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tanaman sengon, mahoni dan jabon umur lima tahun yang ditanam pada areal bekas tambang batubara di Jambi memiliki tinggi rata-rata (18;3,9;11,17m), diameter batang (15,6;4,3;9,8cm) serta diameter tajuk (2,2;0,47;1,2m). Akumulasi serasah tiga jenis tanaman pionir pada lokasi penelitian mencapai 4 sampai 18 ton/Ha, dengan jenis jabon sebagai penghasil serasah terbanyak pada lokasi penelitian, diikuti oleh sengon dan mahoni. Selain itu, penanaman jenis pionir pada areal bekas tambang batubara terbukti dapat memperbaiki kondisi sifat fisik tanah, jika dibandingkan dengan lokasi kontrol. Hal ini disebabkan karena pada lokasi yang ditanami jenis pionir memiliki kandungan bahan organik yang berasal dari serasah tumbuhan bawah dan tanaman pionir itu sendiri. Kata kunci: akumulasi serasah, sifat fisik tanah, tanaman pionir

Interaction of Ammonifying Bacteria and AMF Associated With Pioneer Plants in Ex-Gold Mining Hamzah Hamzah; Jenny Rumondang; Ria Rif’atunidaudina; Rajjitha Handayani; Suci Ratna Puri; Rizki Ayu Hardiyanti; Dian Nisya
MAKILA Vol 20 No 1 (2026): Makila : Jurnal Penelitian Kehutanan
Publisher : Universitas Pattimura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598/makila.v20i1.25332

Gold mining activities degrade soil physical and chemical properties, increasing compaction, reducing drainage and aeration, lowering productivity, and limiting plant growth. This study evaluated soil fertility, physical and chemical characteristics of ex-illegal gold mining land, and identified arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) species and ammonifying bacteria associated with pioneer plants used for phytoremediation. The results showed that high clay content limited water and nutrient infiltration. The average clay content increased from 42.41% in 2019 to 45.12% in 2021. Soil pH (H₂O and KCl) was acidic, ranging from 4.20 to 5.92. Organic carbon (0.96–1.87%) and total nitrogen (0.11–0.26%) were classified as low, indicating poor soil fertility. Among pioneer plants, Melastoma malabathricum showed the highest AMF spore abundance, with 37, 30, and 29 spores per 50 g of soil in 2019, 2020, and 2021, respectively. The highest population of ammonifying bacteria was found in the 2021, with a count of 46.3 x 105 individuals per gram of soil. This study aims to identify the interactions between AMF and ammonifying bacteria associated with pioneer plants to support phytoremediation activities on ex-illegal gold mining land.

MORPHOLOGICAL VARIATION OF Cyrtophyllum fragrans (Roxb.) AMONG FOUR HABITAT TYPES IN JAMBI PROVINCE: A MULTIVARIATE APPROACH Fawwaz Dinanty; Hamzah; Anisatul Farikhah; Dian Nisya; Hafizah Nahlunnisa; Doani Anggi Safira
Jurnal Silva Samalas Vol. 9 No. 1 (2026): Juni 2026
Publisher : Universitas Pendidikan Mandalika

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Cyrtophyllum fragrans (Roxb.) Don is a high-value hardwood tree whose population in Jambi Province is threatened by habitat fragmentation and land conversion, yet morphological data based on local populations remain unavailable. This study examined quantitative and qualitative morphological variation of C. fragrans from four locations in Jambi Province representing different ecological conditions, and identified phenotypic clustering patterns using a multivariate approach. Observations were conducted on 39 individual trees; quantitative characters included tree height (TH), diameter at breast height (DBH), leaf length (LL), leaf width (LW), and petiole length (PL), while qualitative characters included lamina shape, apex, base, and margin. Data were analyzed using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Hierarchical Clustering on Principal Components (HCPC) with Ward's method and Euclidean distance. All five quantitative characters (TH, DBH, LL, LW, and PL) differed significantly among locations: leaf dimension characters (LL, LW, PL) responded most strongly to light intensity gradients, while tree size characters (TH, DBH) reflected cumulative growth history and habitat fragmentation effects. PCA identified two independent phenotypic gradients explaining 80.4% of total variance: PC1 (45.7%) captured the leaf dimension gradient as a plastic response to light intensity, and PC2 (34.7%) captured the tree size gradient recording long-term growth accumulation. HCPC produced four clusters with cross-site composition: K1 (small leaves, full sun), K2 (suppressed axial growth), K3 (very large DBH, cumulative growth), and K4 (large leaves, shaded). Qualitative leaf characters (simple opposite leaves, elliptic lamina, acuminate to caudate apex, cuneate base, entire margin, and pinnate venation) were consistent with the species description of C. fragrans across all four accessions and showed no meaningful variation among locations, confirming their stability as species-level taxonomic markers. Site ecological conditions, not geographic origin, were the primary determinant of morphological phenotype in C. fragrans, with implications for individual-based selection of mother trees in breeding programs rather than location-based selection.

Kuantitas Bakteri Amonifikasi Sebagai Indikator Perbaikan Kualitas Tanah BekasTambang Batubara di Jambi Pasca Revegetasi dengan Tiga Jenis Tumbuhan Pionir: Quantity of Ammonification Bacteria as an Indicator of Soil Quality Improvement at Post Coal Mining Area in Jambi after Revegetation with Three Types of Pioneer Plants Nisya, Dian; Nurjanto, Handojo Hadi; Faridah, Eny
Jurnal Silva Tropika Vol. 10 No. 1 (2026): Jurnal Silva Tropika
Publisher : Fakultas Kehutanan Universitas Jambi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22437/jurnalsilvatropika.v10i1.57959

ABSTRACT Open-pit coal mining in Jambi causes massive degradation of physical, chemical, and biological qualities of soil. Revegetation using pioneer plants serves as a primary strategy to restore the ecological functions of the land. This study aims to quantify the population of ammonifying bacteria, analyze soil chemical properties, and examine the causal relationships among these variables in a five-year-old revegetation site. Soil sampling was conducted systematically at depths of 0–5 cm and 5–10 cm beneath three pioneer stands and an unvegetated plot. The Most Probable Number method was employed to enumerate the bacterial population, while chemical analyses included the electrometric method (pH), Furnace method (organic C), and Kjeldahl method (total N). The results indicated that soil depth and plant species had a highly significant effect on the ammonifying bacteria population. The highest population of ammonifying bacteria was found under Jabon at 8.1 Log cells/g of soil, followed by Sengon at 7.8 Log cells/g of soil, and Mahogany at 5.5 Log cells/g of soil, with population sizes decreasing as soil depth increased, while the lowest population was observed in the control site. Soil chemical properties including N-total, C-organic and pH showed strong positive correlations and significantly influenced the increase in ammonifying bacteria quantity, with N-total contributing 51.5%, C-organic 47.4% and pH 42.9% to the effect. The implications of this study prove that revegetation using sengon and jabon is effective in increasing the quantity of ammonifying bacteria, which represents the early improvement of soil quality and fertility in post-mining areas. Keywords: ammonification bacteria, coal mining, pioneer plants, revegetation, soil chemical properties ABSTRAK Penambangan batubara dengan sistem tambang terbuka (open pit mining) di Provinsi Jambi mengakibatkan degradasi kualitas fisik, kimia, dan biologi tanah secara masif. Kegiatan revegetasi menggunakan tanaman pionir merupakan strategi utama untuk memulihkan fungsi ekologis lahan tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghitung populasi bakteri amonifikasi, menganalisis sifat kimia tanah (pH, C-organik, N-total, rasio C/N), serta menguji hubungan kausalitas antarvariabel tersebut pada lahan revegetasi berumur lima tahun. Pengambilan sampel tanah dilakukan secara sistematik pada kedalaman 0–5 cm dan 5–10 cm di bawah tiga jenis tegakan pionir (Falcataria moluccana, Anthocephalus cadamba, Swietenia macrophylla) dan lahan tanpa vegetasi (kontrol). Metode Most Probable Number (MPN) digunakan untuk menghitung populasi bakteri, sedangkan pengujian kimia meliputi metode electrometric (pH), Furnace (C-organik), dan Kjeldahl (N-total). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor kedalaman tanah dan jenis tanaman berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap populasi bakteri amonifikasi. Populasi bakteri amonifikasi tertinggi terdapat pada jenis tanaman jabon (8,1 Log sel/g tanah) diikuti dengan sengon (7,8 Log sel/g tanah) dan mahoni (5,5 Log sel/g tanah), dengan jumlah populasi yang menurun seiring dengan semakin dalamnya lapisan tanah, sedangkan populasi terendah berada pada Lokasi kontrol. Sifat kimia tanah berupa N-total, C-organik, dan pH memiliki korelasi positif yang kuat dan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap peningkatan kuantitas bakteri amonifikasi, dengan kontribusi pengaruh N-total sebesar 51,5%, C-organik 47,4%, dan pH 42,9%. Implikasi dari penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa revegetasi menggunakan jenis Falcataria moluccana dan Anthocephalus cadamba efektif meningkatkan kuantitas bakteri amonifikasi yang merepresentasikan awal perbaikan kualitas dan kesuburan tanah bekas tambang batubara. Kata kunci: bakteri amonifikasi, revegetasi, sifat kimia tanah, tambang batubara, tanaman pionir

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