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Xiang, Yang
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Beyond Immersion: The Efficacy of Virtual Reality (Vr) Simulations in Developing Technical Skills for Vocational Education Erwis, Fauzi; Xiang, Yang; Koskinen, Jari
Journal of Social Entrepreneurship and Creative Technology Vol. 2 No. 4 (2025)
Publisher : Yayasan Adra Karima Hubbi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70177/jseact.v2i4.2677

Abstract

Traditional vocational education (VET) for complex psychomotor skills is costly, risky, and difficult to scale. While Virtual Reality (VR) is a potential solution, research has focused on “immersion,” not empirical “efficacy.” The critical gap is the unverified “transfer-of-training” from virtual simulations to real-world, physical tasks. This study aimed to empirically evaluate the efficacy of VR-only training versus traditional hands-on methods. It specifically sought to measure (1) “virtual-to-real” skill transfer, (2) long-term skill retention, and (3) training efficiency. An experimental pre-test/post-test/retention-test design was used. 80 (N=80) novice welding trainees were randomized to a VR-Only (n=40) or Traditional (n=40) group. Psychomotor skill was measured on physical equipment at baseline (T1), post-intervention (T2), and 4-week retention (T3) using an expert-validated rubric (PAR), analyzed with ANCOVA. The VR-Only group demonstrated statistically superior skill transfer on the physical post-test (T2) (p < .001, \eta_p^2 = .710). This superiority was durable, with significantly higher skill retention at the T3 follow-up (p < .001). The VR group also achieved competency 27% faster (6.4 vs 8.8 hours) and at zero consumable material cost. -fidelity VR, driven by instantaneous data-driven feedback, is a more effective, efficient, and cost-effective training modality than the traditional “gold standard” for novice psychomotor skill acquisition. This study provides robust validation for the “virtual-to-real” transfer-of-training.
Co-Authors Arnes Yuli Vandika Erwis, Fauzi Ewane, Elvis Hui, Zhou Ilyas, Sanusi Khan, Jamil Koskinen, Jari Liu Yang Muhammadiyah, Mas’ud Na, Li Nampira, Ardi Azhar Nishida, Daiki Prayudani, Santi Siti Nur Azizah, Siti Nur Siti Shofiah Sun Wei WANG Jing Zahir, Roya Zhang Li