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Analisis Yuridis terhadap Kerugian Reputasional sebagai Dasar Gugatan Perdata di Luar Hubungan Kontraktual dalam Kerangka Perbuatan Melawan Hukum Menurut KUHPerdata Raffi Rizkytia Novebryan; Wahyuningrum W; Siti Ahdia Fawwaz Nurwendha; Nandar Wulan; Raul Gindo Cahayo
Media Hukum Indonesia (MHI) Vol 4, No 3 (2026): October 2026
Publisher : Penerbit Yayasan Daarul Huda Kruengmane

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.21406827

Abstract

Reputational damage constitutes a form of non-material loss that has gained increasing relevance in the development of civil law, particularly in the context of claims arising outside contractual relationships. In practice, reputational damage often results from unlawful acts, such as defamation, dissemination of false information, or other actions that harm an individual’s honor and good name. The issue that arises concerns the legal standing of reputational damage as a basis for civil claims and the legal framework for assessing and awarding compensation for such losses. This study aims to analyze reputational damage as a basis for civil litigation outside contractual relationships within the framework of unlawful acts under the Indonesian Civil Code. The research employs a normative juridical method with statutory and conceptual approaches, through the examination of legal norms, doctrines, and relevant academic literature. The findings indicate that reputational damage can be classified as a form of immaterial loss arising from unlawful acts as stipulated in Article 1365 of the Civil Code. However, proving reputational damage remains challenging due to its abstract nature and the difficulty in quantifying it. 
Rekonstruksi Doktrin Wanprestasi dalam Perjanjian Influencer Marketing: Analisis Risiko Algoritma dan Komodifikasi Reputasi Digital Raul Gindo Cahayo; Nur Octorise Siahaan; Bryan Joseph Putra; Ricky Joeshel March; Luthfi Naufan Zulfikar
Media Hukum Indonesia (MHI) Vol 4, No 3 (2026): October 2026
Publisher : Penerbit Yayasan Daarul Huda Kruengmane

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.21457197

Abstract

The massive transformation of the digital economy has significantly reconstructed the paradigm of global advertising toward the influencer marketing ecosystem. Within this framework, the core of the agreement is no longer confined to mechanical content creation services but has shifted toward the commodification of social capital, cyber reputation, and the achievement of immaterial digital performance metrics. This study aims to reformulate new parameters for identifying breach of contract (wanprestasi) by integrating algorithmic risk variables, while simultaneously designing an adaptive, proportional, and contextual legal dispute resolution model for the digital creative industry in Indonesia. This study employs a normative-empirical legal research method analyzed through a socio-legal approach. The research findings indicate that the classic doctrine of breach of contract under the Indonesian Civil Code (KUHPerdata) experiences a functional gap when confronted with digital disruptions, such as reach degradation caused by shadowbanning and platform algorithmic anomalies. Furthermore, violations of moral clauses that trigger negative public sentiment can be categorized as an implicit failure of performance since it jeopardizes brand safety. From the perspective of procedural law, digital evidence such as screenshots of performance metrics is highly vulnerable to visual manipulation, thus highlighting the urgency of strengthening the "right to audit" clause and verification via digital forensics. Conventional court litigation is deemed unaccommodating due to its protracted nature and its potential to degrade the parties' reputations. 
Dilema Code Is Law: Analisis Keadilan Kontraktual dan Perlindungan Hukum Bagi Pihak Lemah dalam Smart Contract Candra Wijaya Muling; Raul Gindo Cahayo
Media Hukum Indonesia (MHI) Vol 4, No 3 (2026): October 2026
Publisher : Penerbit Yayasan Daarul Huda Kruengmane

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.21438408

Abstract

The development of blockchain technology has given rise to smart contracts as agreements that are executed automatically without human intervention, embodying the concept of code is law, which positions computer code as the highest authority in determining the rights and obligations of the contracting parties. This concept has the potential to conflict with the principles of contractual justice in conventional civil law, particularly the principles of good faith, contractual balance, and the protection of weaker parties. This study employs a normative legal research method to analyze the validity of smart contracts within the framework of Article 1320 of the Indonesian Civil Code (Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Perdata), evaluate the limits of legal liability arising from technical failures in automated execution, and formulate a legal protection framework for weaker parties. The findings indicate that the element of consent in smart contracts is reduced to technical assent, which does not fully represent a genuine meeting of the minds, while the requirement of a lawful cause is vulnerable to being obscured by the complexity of code that is not transparent to ordinary users. The study further finds that technical failures, such as software bugs or algorithmic errors, cannot automatically be classified as force majeure. Instead, such failures must be assessed based on the principles of due care and foreseeability on the part of the system developer. Consequently, in many cases, they are more appropriately characterized as a breach of contract resulting from negligent system design.
Algorithmic Management and the Limits of Employer Authority under Indonesian Labor Law Kurdi Kurdi; Raul Gindo Cahayo; Teuku Ahmad Dadek
Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Kyadiren Vol 8 No 1 (2026): Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Kyadiren
Publisher : PPPM, Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Hukum (STIH) Biak-Papua

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46924/jihk.v8i1.460

Abstract

The growing integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into corporate managerial functions has transformed the methods used to monitor and evaluate employee performance. However, it has also increased concerns regarding privacy infringements and algorithmic bias, which may result in disciplinary measures or even employment termination. This study aims to examine the limits of employers’ authority in the use of AI-based performance monitoring systems and to analyze the legal protections available to employees subjected to automated performance evaluations. The research employs a normative legal methodology using statutory and conceptual approaches. The findings reveal that the implementation of AI in employment management must adhere to the principles of legality, transparency, purpose limitation, and human oversight. Furthermore, employee protection can be strengthened through effective complaint mechanisms, procedural fairness, and algorithmic accountability. The study concludes that, although an initial legal framework exists, further regulatory development is necessary to ensure comprehensive protection of employees’ privacy rights and human dignity in the context of AI-driven workplace management.