Garuda - Garba Rujukan Digital

Nilai Tambah yang Adil pada Pelaku Rantai Pasok Gambir di Sumatera Barat Hendra Saputra; Novizar Nazir; Rina Yenrina
Industria: Jurnal Teknologi dan Manajemen Agroindustri Vol 7, No 3 (2018)
Publisher : Department of Agro-industrial Technology, University of Brawijaya

AbstrakGambir merupakan komoditas unggulan Sumatera Barat. Di dalam pemasaran produk gambir, terdapat rantai pemasaran yang sangat panjang hingga diterima ditangan konsumen akhir. Distribusi nilai tambah masing-masing pelaku rantai pemasaran tidak mendapatkan porsi yang seimbang. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui keseimbangan nilai tambah yang diperoleh setiap pelaku rantai pasok menggunakan metode Hayami Termodifikasi untuk menghitung nilai tambah dan analytical network process untuk menganalisis tingkat risiko pada pelaku rantai pasok gambir. Pada skala industri dengan kapasitas pabrik pengolahan 1.250 kg gambir/jam di tingkat eksportir, harga jual gambir masyarakat Rp45.000/kg dan harga gambir katekin (produksi eksportir) Rp189.000/kg diperoleh perbandingan porsi nilai tambah petani (21%): pedagang pengumpul (27%): eksportir lokal (52%), hal ini menunjukan petani medapatkan porsi nilai tambah terendah dibandingkan pedagang pengumpul dan eskportir lokal. Tingkat risiko yang dihadapi petani memperoleh nilai tertinggi (0,477), eksportir lokal (0,281), pedagang pengumpul (0,183) dan konsumen (0,058). Hasil penyeimbangan prosi nilai tambah dan tingkat risiko masing-masing pelaku rantai pasok gambir yaitu petani mengalami peningkatan porsi nilai tambah Rp/kg produk yaitu dari Rp39.242 menjadi Rp88.722, pedagang pengumpul mengalami penurunan yaitu dari Rp49.514 menjadi Rp34.038 selanjutnya ekportir lokal mengalami penurunan dari Rp97.244 menjadi Rp52.266. Keseimbangan nilai tambah ini dapat dijadikan kebijakan untuk menetapkan harga yang stabil untuk komoditas gambir dengan tujuan mempertahankan keberlangsungan bisnis gambir di Sumatera Barat.Kata kunci: gambir, keseimbangan nilai tambah, nilai tambah, rantai pasok, risiko AbstractGambier is a superior commodity in West Sumatra. Marketing process in gambier products have a very long marketing chain until it is accepted by the end consumer. The value-added distribution of each marketing chain does not get a balanced portion. This research was conducted to determine the balance of added value obtained by each supply chain actor using the Modified Hayami method to calculate added value and analytical network process to analyze the level of risk in gambier supply chain actors. On an industrial scale with a processing plant capacity of 1250 kg gambier/hour at the exporter level, the selling price of community gambier is IDR 45,000 / kg and the price of catechin gambier (exporter production) IDR 189,000 / kg is obtained by comparison of the value-added portion of farmers (21%): traders collectors (27%): local exporters (52%), this shows that farmers get the lowest portion of added value compared to local collectors and exporters. The level of risk faced by farmers is the highest (0.477), local exporters (0.281), collector traders (0.183) and consumers (0.058). The proceeds of equal value-added risk and the level of risk of each gambier supply chain actor, namely farmers experience an increase in the value-added portion of IDR/kg of product, from IDR 39,242 to IDR 88,722, collector traders decrease, from IDR 49,514 to IDR 34,038. Local exporters decreased from IDR 97,244 to IDR 52,266. This balance of added value can be used as a policy to set a stable price for gambier commodities with the aim of maintaining the sustainability of gambier business in West Sumatra.Keywords: balance value-added, gambier, risk, supply chain, value-added

ANALISIS NILAI TAMBAH PELAKU RANTAI PASOK GAMBIR DENGAN METODE HAYAMI TERMODIFIKASI Hendra Saputra; Novizar Nazir; Rina Yenrina
Jurnal Teknologi Pertanian Andalas Vol 22, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Gambir merupakan komoditas unggulan Sumatera Barat, produktivitas rantai pasok gambir saat ini masih memiliki kendala dari tingkat keuntungan yang tidak setara di setiap aliran rantainya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui nilai tambah yang diperoleh di setiap pelaku rantai pasok gambir. Mekanisme rantai pasok gambir diidentifikasi menggunakan metode kualitatif. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan pendekatan sistem yang didukung dengan metode Hayami termodifikasi untuk menghitung nilai tambah. Pada skala industri kapasitas pabrik pengolahan eksportir gambir 1250 kg gambir/jam dan tingkat harga jual gambir masyarakat Rp. 45.000/kg, harga Gambir katekin (Produksi eksportir) Rp 189.000/kg di dapat hasil perbandingan nilai tambah Petani (11%) : Pedagang pengumpul (30 %) : Eksportir lokal (60 %). Dari total nilai tambah yang dihasilkan sebesar Rp.322.602.481.833 pertahun terlihat perbandingan nilai tambah diantara para pelaku rantai pasok gambir yaitu petani, pedagang pengumpul, dan eksportir lokal dimana petani memperoleh Rp. 20.052/kg, pedagang pengumpul Rp. 55.135/kg dan eksportir lokal Rp. 110.813/kg. Berdasarkan besaran nilai tambah per kg gambir yang diperoleh disetiap rantai pasok gambir, eksportir lokal menerima bagian pendapatan yang lebih baik dibandingkan dengan petani dan pedagang pengumpul.

KARAKTERISASI PLASTIK BIODEGRADABLE DARI PATI LIMBAH KULIT PISANG MULI DENGAN PLASTICIZER SORBITOL Endo Pebri Dani Putra; Hendra Saputra
Jurnal Teknologi Pertanian Andalas Vol 24, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pati kulit pisang muli terhadap karakteristik film plastik biodegrdable dan untuk mengetahui konsentrasi pati kulit pisang muli terbaik. Perlakuan pada penelitian ini adalah penambahan pati kulit pisang muli 1 g, 1.5 g, 2 g, 2.5 g dan 3 g. Pengamatan pada produk plastik biodegradable yang dihasilkan adalah sifat fisik, sifat mekanik dan degradasi. Uji sifat fisik meliputi uji ketebalan, densitas, penyerapan air dan sifat mekanis termasuk uji kuat tarik, persen perpanjangan dan degradasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perbedaan konsentrasi ekstrak perpanjangan berpengaruh terhadap ketebalan, kepadatan, daya serap air, kekuatan tarik, persentase perpanjangan dan degradasi. Perlakuan terbaik berdasarkan sifat mekanik plastik biodegradable adalah penambahan 1 g pati kulit pisang muli.

IDENTIFIKASI KANDUNGAN MINYAK ALPUKAT SEBAGAI BAHAN BAKU INDUSTRI KOSMETIK Hendra Saputra
Journal of Science and Applicative Technology Vol 2 No 1 (2018): Journal of Science and Applicative Technology June Chapter
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat (LPPM), Institut Teknologi Sumatera, Lampung Selatan, Lampung, Indonesia

This research has been done regarding to the identification avocado oil (Persea americana.Mill) composition as raw material of cosmetic industry. The usage of the avocado in the West Sumatera is still limited, meanwhile, it has two functions which never known by people. It concerns about the amount of the flesh of avocado and the useness for staple and cosmetics. In this research, the researcher will choose high-yielding variety and local variety in Solok, West Sumatera. This is caused by Solok has a good potential which has a plenty of avocados per year which shown by the statistics Plants of food and Holticulture from West Sumatera at 2012 that Solok has a sharp amount of the production Avocado around 27.281 ton per year. In this research, the oil that is gotten by the process of extraction at the solvent uses a dark-green soxhlet. Then it will be achieved some amount of avocado oils from high -yielding variety at 5,31% and 16,11% on local variety from a wet-basis. On the other hand, it will be then achieved the characteristics of physic-chemistry from the extraction. The composition of fatty acid in the arrangement of Trigliserida can be found by making an early derivation by processing of Methyl Ester. This research shows that a high yielding veriety consists of caprilate acid (1,68%), caprate acid (1,93%), laurate acid (8,62%), miristate acid (3,92%), palmitate acid (20,53%), palmitoleate acid (1,08%), stearate acid (5,61%), oleate acid (26,34%), linolenate acid (4,59%). Baside that, for the local variety consists of caprilate acid (0,92%), laurate acid(9,41%), miristate acid (4,00%), palmitate acid (14,44%), palmitoleate acid (0,84%), oleate acid (14,81%), linolenate acid (1,36%), with the total of Trigliserida component from the avocado oil at 73,85% and 45,78% for a local avocado oil. At the result, the highest percentage of fatty acid is oleate acid, basides, the composition of laurate and palmitate acid is big enough while both fatty acid of high-yielding and local variety come to a laurin-palmito-olein.

PEMANFAATAN SAMPAH ORGANIK RUMAH TANGGA DALAM PEMBUATAN KOMPOS UNTUK MENGURANGI PENCEMARAN LINGKUNGAN Fea Firdani; Azyyati Ridha Alfian; Hendra Saputra
Jurnal Abditani Vol. 6 No. 2 (2023): Oktober
Publisher : FAKULTAS PERTANIAN UNIVERSITAS ALKHAIRAAT

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31970/abditani.v6i2.240

Bertambahnya jumlah penduduk serta berkembangnya aktivitas sosial dan ekonomi masyarakat mengakibatkan peningkatan volume sampah yang dihasilkan. Jenis dan karakteristik sampah juga semakin beragam. Dampak yang ditimbulkan oleh sampah diantaranya adalah bau tidak sedap, lalat berterbangan, dan pencemaran lingkungan. Sampah dapat menimbulkan permasalahan apabila tidak seimbangnya antara produksi sampah dengan pengelolaannya. Untuk mengatasi timbunan sampah dapat dilakukan dengan mengolah sampah organik menjadi kompos atau pupuk organik. Kompos adalah pupuk organik yang sangat bermanfaat bagi peningkatan produksi pertanian baik kualitas dan kuantitas, mengurangi pencemaran lingkungan dan meningkatkan kualitas lahan secara berkelanjutan. Kelompok Wanita Tani sama dengan kelompok tani yang membedakan anggotanya perempuan, yang melaksanakan usaha dibidang pertanian seperti pemanfaatan lahan pekarangan untuk menanam sayur, buah, pembibitan, dan juga tanaman obat serta ada juga yang ikut keladang untuk bercocok tanam. Maka diperlukan edukasi bagi kelompok wanita tani untuk dapat mengelola sampah rumah tangganya agar meminimalisir timbulan sampah dan kegiatan pembakaran di lingkungan tempat tinggalnya untuk mengurangi efek lingkungan dan kesehatan dari akibat pembakaran sampah dan menumpuknya sampah di lingkungan tempat tinggal, dan memanfaatkan kompos tersebut dalam aktivitas bercocok tanam. Kegiatan dilakukan dengan penyuluhan dan praktik pembuatan kompos bersama kelompok wanita tani Sinar Pagi, Kecamatan Lubuk Alung, Sumatera Barat. Diharapkan dari kegiatan ini kelompok wanita tani dapat mengolah limbah rumah tangga menjadi kompos secara mandiri dan beralih menggunakan pupuk organik daripada penggunaan pupuk anorganik.

Analysis of Work Posture on Gambier Farmers Using the Rapid Entire Body Assessment Method Fea Firdani; Azyyati Ridha Alfian; Aria Gusti; Hendra Saputra
Jurnal Ergonomi Indonesia (The Indonesian Journal of Ergonomic) Vol 9 No 1 (2023): Volume 9 No 1 Tahun 2023
Publisher : Program Studi Magister Ergonomi Fisiologi Kerja Pascasarjana Universitas Udayana Denpasar Bekerjasama dengan Perhimpunan Ergonomi Indonesia (PEI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

In processing gambier farmers work with various postures, namely standing, sitting, and some in a bent position. This study aims to determine the work posture to assess the ergonomic risk level in gambier processing farmers. This study is an observational study using the Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) method. The survey was conducted in March – July 2022 on gambier processing farmers in Pesisir Selatan Regency, West Sumatra. Work postures were assessed starting from picking gambier leaves, preparing for boiling, boiling, pressing, settling, draining, and printing gambier. There are 11 work postures that were assessed. Data were collected using observations, documentation, and REBA worksheets. Then the data were analyzed based on the score from the REBA table, and the risk score was calculated. The results of the ergonomic risk assessment at each stage of the gambier processing process are it is known that in the process of picking gambier leaves the final score is 10, in the boiling preparation stage there are 4 different work positions with 2 final scores of 6, and 2 final scores 8, then the boiling stage the score final 9, tying gambier leaves for press preparation with a final score of 9, gambier leaf counting with a score of 9, gambier leaf press process with a final score of 9, gambier sap draining process with a final score of 10 and printing process with a final score of 8. Out of 11 postures at the gambier processing stage, nine poses have high risk with a score of 8 to 10, and two positions are of moderate risk. Efforts need to be made to improve equipment for processing gambier to prevent work-related injuries and reduce the physical workload on gambier processing farmers.

Development of Agarwood Oil Research and Benefit: Bibliometric Analysis Hendra Saputra; Benni Satria; Novizar Nazir; Tuty Anggraini
AJARCDE (Asian Journal of Applied Research for Community Development and Empowerment) Vol. 8 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Asia Pacific Network for Sustainable Agriculture, Food and Energy (SAFE-Network)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29165/ajarcde.v8i1.374

Agarwood oil, derived from the fragrant resinous wood of the Aquilaria and Gyrinops trees, has attracted great attention due to its diverse pharmacological properties and commercial value. The complex chemical composition of agarwood oil, consisting of more than 150 chemical compounds, has been linked to its therapeutic potential in treating chronic inflammatory diseases, anxiety, depression, and insomnia. This research uses exploratory, descriptive research. The research used in this research is the literature study method regarding the development of agarwood oil research and its benefits. Documents from the Scopus website are saved in the following form: RIS-type files. Analysis was conducted using VOSviewer 1.6.18 for Windows software. The research results show that there has been a decline in the trend of research on agarwood oil over the last 10 years; most research on agarwood oil has been carried out by Malaysia and China and followed by Japan. Research has revealed numerous benefits of agarwood oil, indicating its potential for development into derivative goods, particularly in the health and fragrance industries.

Analysis of Work Posture on Gambier Farmers Using the Rapid Entire Body Assessment Method Firdani, Fea; Alfian, Azyyati Ridha; Gusti, Aria; Saputra, Hendra
Jurnal Ergonomi Indonesia (The Indonesian Journal of Ergonomic) Vol 9 No 1 (2023): Volume 9 No 1 Tahun 2023
Publisher : Program Studi Magister Ergonomi Fisiologi Kerja Pascasarjana Universitas Udayana Denpasar Bekerjasama dengan Perhimpunan Ergonomi Indonesia (PEI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

In processing gambier farmers work with various postures, namely standing, sitting, and some in a bent position. This study aims to determine the work posture to assess the ergonomic risk level in gambier processing farmers. This study is an observational study using the Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) method. The survey was conducted in March – July 2022 on gambier processing farmers in Pesisir Selatan Regency, West Sumatra. Work postures were assessed starting from picking gambier leaves, preparing for boiling, boiling, pressing, settling, draining, and printing gambier. There are 11 work postures that were assessed. Data were collected using observations, documentation, and REBA worksheets. Then the data were analyzed based on the score from the REBA table, and the risk score was calculated. The results of the ergonomic risk assessment at each stage of the gambier processing process are it is known that in the process of picking gambier leaves the final score is 10, in the boiling preparation stage there are 4 different work positions with 2 final scores of 6, and 2 final scores 8, then the boiling stage the score final 9, tying gambier leaves for press preparation with a final score of 9, gambier leaf counting with a score of 9, gambier leaf press process with a final score of 9, gambier sap draining process with a final score of 10 and printing process with a final score of 8. Out of 11 postures at the gambier processing stage, nine poses have high risk with a score of 8 to 10, and two positions are of moderate risk. Efforts need to be made to improve equipment for processing gambier to prevent work-related injuries and reduce the physical workload on gambier processing farmers.

LIFE CYCLE COSTING EKSTRAKSI MINYAK GAHARU DENGAN METODE MASERASI BERBANTU MICROWAVE DAN ULTRASONIK Hendra Saputra
Jurnal Teknologi Pertanian Andalas Vol 28, No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jtpa.28.2.122-128.2024

Ekstraksi minyak gaharu merupakan proses penting dalam industri gaharu. Penelitian ini telah mengeksplorasi teknik inovatif seperti maserasi dengan bantuan ultrasonik dan microwave untuk meningkatkan rendemen hasil ekstraksi minyak gaharu. tujuan penelitian ini yaitu mengetahui metode yang dapat meningkatkan rendemen serta menghitung efisiensi waktu dan biaya dengan menghitung biaya siklus hidup (life cycle costing) ekstaksi minyak gaharu. Hasil ekstraksi memperoleh rendemen tertinggi yaitu dengan menggunakan metode kombinasi maserasi berbantu microwave selama 3 menit dan maserasi berbantu ultrasonic selama 60 menit dengan hasil rendemen sebesar 0,148%, kemudian di konversi dalam waktu 24 jam dapat menghasilkan ekstrak minyak gaharu sebanyak 18 gram dengan tambahan biaya sebanyak Rp13.037. Selanjutnya limbah cair yang terbuang dalam proses ekstraksi minyak gaharu yaitu 26 ml. Maserasi pelarut menggunakan microwave menghasilkan rendemen minyak gaharu sebanyak 0,096% dengan tambahan biaya yang lebih murah yaitu sebanyak Rp3.190, dalam waktu ekstraksi 24 jam menghasilkan ekstrak sebanyak 12 gram. Maka dapat disimpulkan metode maserasi berbantu microwave lebih efektif dibandingkan dengan maserasi ultasonik dan maserasi suhu ruang dalam menghasilkan rendemen minyak gaharu dan lebih efisien terhadap waktu dan biaya.Kata Kunci: Gaharu, Life Cycle Costing, Microwave, Ultrasonic

Evaluation of Life Cycle Costs for Agarwood Oil Extraction with Microwave and Ultrasonic-Assisted Techniques Saputra, Hendra; Satria, Benni; Nazir, Novizar; Anggraini, Tuty; Salim, Emil
Andalasian International Journal of Applied Science, Engineering and Technology Vol. 4 No. 3 (2024): November 2024
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/aijaset.v4i3.196

Agarwood oil extraction is a crucial process in the agarwood industry. However, this extraction is seldom performed by communities due to its lack of profitability and the extensive duration of the process. This study aims to investigate innovative techniques such as ultrasonic and microwave-assisted maceration to enhance the yield of agarwood oil extraction. Additionally, it seeks to calculate the efficiency of time and cost by determining the life cycle cost of agarwood oil extraction. The methodology employed in this study involved conducting extractions using ultrasonic-assisted maceration, microwave-assisted maceration, and a combination of ultrasonic and microwave-assisted maceration. The results indicated that the extraction method yielding the highest output utilized a combination of microwave-assisted maceration for 3 minutes and ultrasonic-assisted maceration for 60 minutes, producing a yield of 0.15%. When extrapolated to 24 hours, this method would yield 18 grams of agarwood oil extract with an additional cost of Rp13,037. In contrast, the solvent maceration process using microwaves yielded 0.096% of agarwood oil at a lower cost of Rp3,190, producing 12 grams of extract over a 24-hour extraction period. the compounds that make up the composition of agarwood oil are 2-((2S,4aR)-4a,8-Dimethyl-1,2,3,4,4a,5,6,7-octahydro-naphthalen (11.38%), Hydrocinnamic acid (11.13%), Hydrocinnamic acid (11.13%) and (3R,3aR,4aS,5R,9aS)-3,5,8-Trimethyl-3a,4,4a,5,6,7,9,9a-octahydro (10.90%).

Title

Found 12 Documents
Search

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Title Search

Found 12 Documents Search

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Title

Found 12 Documents
Search