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Decolonizing the Endowment: A Critical Framework for Restructuring Museum Financial Portfolios to Support Restitution and Equity in Indonesia Yuniarti Maretha Pasaribu; Firzan Dahlan; Grace Freya Purba; Susi Diana; Giselle Dupont; Farah Faiza; Danila Adi Sanjaya
Enigma in Economics Vol. 3 No. 1 (2025): Enigma in Economics
Publisher : Enigma Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61996/economy.v3i1.89

Museums globally are facing a profound ethical reckoning with their colonial foundations. In Indonesia, a nation with a rich history of resisting colonial rule, this discourse has intensified calls for the restitution of cultural artifacts. However, a critical barrier to these decolonial ambitions lies within the financial architecture of museums themselves: the endowment. This study investigated how traditional museum endowment management, guided by principles of perpetuity and maximum growth, often conflicts with and obstructs the ethical imperatives of restitution and equity. This research employed an explanatory sequential mixed-methods design. Initially, a quantitative analysis of the investment portfolios of three representative Indonesian museums—a national museum, a private institution, and a regional museum—was conducted. This was followed by a qualitative phase involving in-depth, semi-structured interviews with 22 museum directors, curators, financial managers, and representatives from source communities. The data were analyzed to identify correlations between investment strategies and institutional capacities for decolonial action. The findings revealed that museum endowments were predominantly invested in global equity and bond markets, with significant exposure to multinational corporations in the Global North, including those in extractive and banking sectors with colonial entanglements. This structure created a "perpetuity paradox," where fiduciary duties were interpreted as precluding the use of funds for restitution-related costs. A profound disconnect was identified between the museums' public-facing decolonial missions and their internal financial strategies. The study culminated in the development of the Restitution and Equity-Aligned (REA) Framework, a novel model for portfolio restructuring. In conclusion, traditional endowment management represents a significant, yet often invisible, colonial legacy within museums. To genuinely decolonize, Indonesian museums must move beyond curatorial gestures and fundamentally restructure their financial engines. The proposed REA Framework provides a viable, ethical, and financially prudent pathway for aligning investment practices with the moral obligations of restitution and the pursuit of reparative justice, offering a replicable model for institutions worldwide.

Governing the Commons in the Anthropocene: A Quantitative and Qualitative Assessment of Sasi Customary Law's Efficacy in Marine Conservation and Climate Resilience in the Maluku Islands Grace Freya Purba; Farah Faiza; Evelyn Wang; Aaliyah El-Husaini; Benyamin Wongso; Sarah Armalia
Enigma in Law Vol. 3 No. 1 (2025): Enigma in Law
Publisher : Enigma Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61996/law.v3i1.97

The escalating pressures of the Anthropocene, characterized by climate change and biodiversity loss, demand effective and equitable conservation paradigms. This study investigates Sasi, a form of customary marine tenure in the Maluku Islands, Indonesia, as a potential model for sustainable resource management and climate resilience. A mixed-methods, comparative longitudinal approach was employed across six coastal villages from 2015 to 2025. Three villages actively practicing Sasi were compared with three non-Sasi control villages. Quantitative data included underwater visual censuses for fish biomass, line-intercept transects for coral cover, and household surveys (n=300) to assess socio-economic conditions and climate resilience indicators. Qualitative data were gathered through semi-structured interviews with key stakeholders (n=60), focus group discussions (n=12), and participant observation to understand the governance mechanisms and community perceptions of Sasi. Sasi villages exhibited significantly higher mean fish biomass (4.5 ± 0.8 t/ha) compared to non-Sasi villages (1.9 ± 0.6 t/ha) (p<0.001). Live coral cover was more robust in Sasi sites, showing greater resistance to bleaching events. Socio-economically, Sasi communities reported higher, more stable fishing incomes and perceived greater food security. Qualitative analysis revealed that the efficacy of Sasi is driven by strong social cohesion, legitimate authority of the Kewang (customary guardians), and adaptive management informed by traditional ecological knowledge. In conclusion, the findings demonstrate that Sasi customary law is a highly effective institution for marine conservation, contributing significantly to ecological health and community climate resilience. The study underscores the critical importance of integrating customary governance systems into national and global conservation strategies to address the complex challenges of the Anthropocene.

Nostalgic Collective Memory, Populist Rhetoric Exposure, and Social Transformation in Peri-Urban Communities of Palembang, South Sumatra, Indonesia: A Cross-Sectional Analytical Study Firzan Dahlan; Grace Freya Purba
Open Access Indonesia Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 9 No. 2 (2026): Open Access Indonesia Journal of Social Sciences
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/oaijss.v9i2.322

Nostalgic collective memory and exposure to populist rhetoric have emerged as significant sociocultural forces shaping contemporary social transformation in peri-urban areas of Southeast Asia. This cross-sectional analytical study examined the associations between nostalgic collective memory orientation, populist rhetoric exposure, and positive social transformation outcomes among 384 peri-urban residents in three purposively selected peri-urban sub-districts in a major city in South Sumatra, Indonesia. Participants were recruited through proportional stratified random sampling from sub-districts characterized by rapid urbanization and socioeconomic heterogeneity. They completed structured questionnaires assessing nostalgia levels (adapted 12-item scale, Cronbach alpha=0.82), populist rhetoric exposure (10-item scale), collective memory strength (8-item scale, alpha=0.78), community engagement, political trust, and perception of social transformation across six measured dimensions. Overall, 201 respondents (52.3%) perceived positive social transformation. Bivariate analysis demonstrated that high nostalgia levels were associated with 2.14-fold increased odds of perceiving positive social transformation (95% CI: 1.42-3.23; p=0.001), while high exposure to populist rhetoric was associated with 2.05-fold increased odds (95% CI: 1.36-3.09; p=0.001). Active community engagement was associated with 1.84-fold increased odds (95% CI: 1.22-2.77; p=0.004), and strong collective memory orientation was associated with 1.65-fold increased odds (95% CI: 1.10-2.48; p=0.016). Multiple logistic regression identified nostalgia level (AOR=1.89; 95% CI: 1.22-2.93; p=0.004), populist rhetoric exposure (AOR=1.76; 95% CI: 1.13-2.74; p=0.012), and community engagement (AOR=1.62; 95% CI: 1.05-2.50; p=0.029) as independent predictors. The model demonstrated moderate discriminative ability (AUC=0.735; Nagelkerke R²=0.187). These findings illuminate complex mechanisms through which nostalgic orientation, populist messaging, and community cohesion influence perceptions of social change in peri-urban Southeast Asian contexts.

Nostalgic Collective Memory, Populist Rhetoric Exposure, and Social Transformation in Peri-Urban Communities of Palembang, South Sumatra, Indonesia: A Cross-Sectional Analytical Study Firzan Dahlan; Grace Freya Purba
Open Access Indonesia Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 9 No. 2 (2026): Open Access Indonesia Journal of Social Sciences
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/oaijss.v9i2.322

Nostalgic collective memory and exposure to populist rhetoric have emerged as significant sociocultural forces shaping contemporary social transformation in peri-urban areas of Southeast Asia. This cross-sectional analytical study examined the associations between nostalgic collective memory orientation, populist rhetoric exposure, and positive social transformation outcomes among 384 peri-urban residents in three purposively selected peri-urban sub-districts in a major city in South Sumatra, Indonesia. Participants were recruited through proportional stratified random sampling from sub-districts characterized by rapid urbanization and socioeconomic heterogeneity. They completed structured questionnaires assessing nostalgia levels (adapted 12-item scale, Cronbach alpha=0.82), populist rhetoric exposure (10-item scale), collective memory strength (8-item scale, alpha=0.78), community engagement, political trust, and perception of social transformation across six measured dimensions. Overall, 201 respondents (52.3%) perceived positive social transformation. Bivariate analysis demonstrated that high nostalgia levels were associated with 2.14-fold increased odds of perceiving positive social transformation (95% CI: 1.42-3.23; p=0.001), while high exposure to populist rhetoric was associated with 2.05-fold increased odds (95% CI: 1.36-3.09; p=0.001). Active community engagement was associated with 1.84-fold increased odds (95% CI: 1.22-2.77; p=0.004), and strong collective memory orientation was associated with 1.65-fold increased odds (95% CI: 1.10-2.48; p=0.016). Multiple logistic regression identified nostalgia level (AOR=1.89; 95% CI: 1.22-2.93; p=0.004), populist rhetoric exposure (AOR=1.76; 95% CI: 1.13-2.74; p=0.012), and community engagement (AOR=1.62; 95% CI: 1.05-2.50; p=0.029) as independent predictors. The model demonstrated moderate discriminative ability (AUC=0.735; Nagelkerke R²=0.187). These findings illuminate complex mechanisms through which nostalgic orientation, populist messaging, and community cohesion influence perceptions of social change in peri-urban Southeast Asian contexts.

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