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Archipelagic Consciousness: Reimagining National Identity Through Local and Maritime Histories in Indonesian Primary Education Firzan Dahlan; Grace Freya Purba; Farah Faiza; Amir Serikova; Danila Adi Sanjaya; Yuniarti Maretha Pasaribu; Susi Diana; Christian Napitupulu; Maya Enderson; Emir Abdullah
Enigma in Education Vol. 3 No. 1 (2025): Enigma in Education
Publisher : Enigma Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61996/edu.v3i1.93

The formation of national identity in Indonesia, the world's largest archipelagic state, has historically been dominated by a centralized, terrestrial-focused historical narrative that often marginalizes the rich diversity of local and maritime histories. This study addressed the gap in understanding how a pedagogical shift towards these histories could foster a more inclusive and interconnected sense of nationhood, termed 'Archipelagic Consciousness', among young learners. A quasi-experimental, mixed-methods study was conducted over one academic semester in four primary schools across Indonesia. A total of 180 fifth-grade students participated, divided into an experimental group and a control group. The experimental group received a pedagogical intervention based on local hero narratives, inter-island trade routes, and project-based learning focused on maritime culture. Data were collected using a validated pre-test/post-test 'Archipelagic Consciousness Inventory' (ACI), supplemented by qualitative data from focus group discussions and student portfolio analysis. Quantitative data analysis revealed a statistically significant, large-effect-size improvement in the ACI scores for the experimental group compared to the control group. Qualitative findings corroborated these results, with major themes emerging that included the validation of local identity as integral to the national story, a conceptual shift from viewing the sea as a barrier to a connector, and an enhanced appreciation for inter-regional cultural diversity. In conclusion, the pedagogical model centered on local and maritime histories was highly effective in cultivating Archipelagic Consciousness. Integrating these narratives into primary education offers a potent pathway for reimagining Indonesian national identity as a dynamic, interconnected, and pluralistic tapestry, moving beyond a monolithic, land-based conception. This study provides empirical support for curriculum reform aimed at fostering a more resilient and inclusive national identity.

The Acoustic City: Sonorous Landscapes, Urban Memory, and the Politics of Noise Muhammad Hasan; Jovanka Andina; Matilda Munoz; Emir Abdullah; Ahmad Erza
Enigma in Cultural Vol. 3 No. 2 (2025): Enigma in Cultural
Publisher : Enigma Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61996/cultural.v3i2.110

The contemporary city is often conceived through a visual paradigm, yet its character is profoundly shaped by its acoustic environment. This study investigated the urban soundscape as a complex tapestry woven from sound, memory, and power. Focusing on the rapidly urbanizing context of Indonesia, this research explored how sonorous landscapes are produced, experienced, and contested, shaping collective urban memory and becoming arenas for political negotiation. A mixed-methods approach was employed, integrating qualitative ethnographic research with quantitative acoustic analysis. Fieldwork was conducted in two distinct Indonesian urban settings: the megacity of Jakarta and the historically significant city of Palembang. Methods included 60 semi-structured interviews with residents, urban planners, and community leaders; 30 researcher-led soundwalks using participant observation; and acoustic data collection using Class 1 sound level meters at 100 strategic locations. This data was used to create predictive acoustic models of selected neighborhoods using CadnaA sound prediction software to visualize and analyze sound pressure level (SPL) distribution. The findings revealed a rich acoustic lexicon unique to Indonesian cities, characterized by a dynamic interplay of religious sounds (the call to prayer or adzan), commercial vocalizations (street vendor calls), transportation noise, and sounds of community life (gotong royong). Ethnographic data demonstrated that these sounds are potent carriers of urban memory, evoking nostalgia and a sense of belonging, but are also sources of significant social friction. Acoustic models identified "sonorous hotspots" where SPLs consistently exceeded national health recommendations by up to 25 dBA, particularly around transport hubs and commercial districts. A significant disconnect was found between residents' subjective perception of noise and objective decibel measurements, highlighting the cultural mediation of sound. The "politics of noise" manifested in community-level disputes over the volume and timing of mosque loudspeakers and the perceived encroachment of commercial sounds into residential areas. In conclusion, the urban soundscape is not a neutral background but a contested social and political space where identities are asserted and power is negotiated. This study established that in Indonesian cities, sound acts as a crucial medium for constructing urban memory and a site for the subtle, everyday politics of cohabitation. Understanding these sonorous landscapes is essential for developing more inclusive and acoustically just urban planning policies that move beyond simple noise abatement to a more nuanced appreciation of the urban acoustic environment.

Governing the Algorithm: A Mediation Analysis of Digital Transformation, Bureaucratic Discretion, and Service Quality in a Developing Democracy Emir Abdullah; Aylin Yermekova; Benyamin Wongso; Ahmad Badruddin
Open Access Indonesia Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 8 No. 4 (2025): Open Access Indonesia Journal of Social Sciences
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/oaijss.v8i4.293

Governments worldwide are implementing digital transformation policies to enhance public service delivery. However, the impact of these algorithm-driven systems on street-level bureaucrats remains critically under-examined. This study investigates the complex pathways through which Indonesia's e-government policy affects bureaucratic work and service outcomes. This study employed a mixed-methods explanatory sequential design. Quantitative data were collected from 500 public officials across five Indonesian provinces. An E-Government Implementation Index (EGII) was constructed. We used Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression and a formal mediation analysis with bootstrapping to analyze the relationships between EGII, Perceived Bureaucratic Discretion (PBD), and Bureaucrat-Perceived Public Service Quality (B-PSQ). This was supplemented by 20 in-depth, semi-structured interviews to explain the statistical findings. Regression analysis confirmed a significant negative association between EGII and PBD (β = -0.47, p < 0.001) and a significant positive association between EGII and B-PSQ (β = 0.62, p < 0.001). The mediation analysis revealed that EGII has a strong, positive direct effect on B-PSQ (Effect = 0.57, p < 0.001) and a small but significant negative indirect effect through the reduction of PBD (Effect = -0.05, p < 0.01). Qualitative data revealed that officials feel constrained by "algorithmic cages" that, while improving efficiency, limit their ability to handle exceptional cases, thereby risking service equity for marginalized citizens. In conclusion, Indonesia’s digital transformation presents a complex trade-off. It successfully enhances administrative efficiency but simultaneously curtails the beneficial discretion of frontline bureaucrats, creating a small but significant drag on service quality. Effective digital governance requires a hybrid model that embeds algorithmic systems within a framework that empowers, rather than replaces, human judgment.

Governing the Algorithm: A Mediation Analysis of Digital Transformation, Bureaucratic Discretion, and Service Quality in a Developing Democracy Emir Abdullah; Aylin Yermekova; Benyamin Wongso; Ahmad Badruddin
Open Access Indonesia Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 8 No. 4 (2025): Open Access Indonesia Journal of Social Sciences
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/oaijss.v8i4.293

Governments worldwide are implementing digital transformation policies to enhance public service delivery. However, the impact of these algorithm-driven systems on street-level bureaucrats remains critically under-examined. This study investigates the complex pathways through which Indonesia's e-government policy affects bureaucratic work and service outcomes. This study employed a mixed-methods explanatory sequential design. Quantitative data were collected from 500 public officials across five Indonesian provinces. An E-Government Implementation Index (EGII) was constructed. We used Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression and a formal mediation analysis with bootstrapping to analyze the relationships between EGII, Perceived Bureaucratic Discretion (PBD), and Bureaucrat-Perceived Public Service Quality (B-PSQ). This was supplemented by 20 in-depth, semi-structured interviews to explain the statistical findings. Regression analysis confirmed a significant negative association between EGII and PBD (β = -0.47, p < 0.001) and a significant positive association between EGII and B-PSQ (β = 0.62, p < 0.001). The mediation analysis revealed that EGII has a strong, positive direct effect on B-PSQ (Effect = 0.57, p < 0.001) and a small but significant negative indirect effect through the reduction of PBD (Effect = -0.05, p < 0.01). Qualitative data revealed that officials feel constrained by "algorithmic cages" that, while improving efficiency, limit their ability to handle exceptional cases, thereby risking service equity for marginalized citizens. In conclusion, Indonesia’s digital transformation presents a complex trade-off. It successfully enhances administrative efficiency but simultaneously curtails the beneficial discretion of frontline bureaucrats, creating a small but significant drag on service quality. Effective digital governance requires a hybrid model that embeds algorithmic systems within a framework that empowers, rather than replaces, human judgment.

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