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Decolonizing the Endowment: A Critical Framework for Restructuring Museum Financial Portfolios to Support Restitution and Equity in Indonesia Yuniarti Maretha Pasaribu; Firzan Dahlan; Grace Freya Purba; Susi Diana; Giselle Dupont; Farah Faiza; Danila Adi Sanjaya
Enigma in Economics Vol. 3 No. 1 (2025): Enigma in Economics
Publisher : Enigma Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61996/economy.v3i1.89

Museums globally are facing a profound ethical reckoning with their colonial foundations. In Indonesia, a nation with a rich history of resisting colonial rule, this discourse has intensified calls for the restitution of cultural artifacts. However, a critical barrier to these decolonial ambitions lies within the financial architecture of museums themselves: the endowment. This study investigated how traditional museum endowment management, guided by principles of perpetuity and maximum growth, often conflicts with and obstructs the ethical imperatives of restitution and equity. This research employed an explanatory sequential mixed-methods design. Initially, a quantitative analysis of the investment portfolios of three representative Indonesian museums—a national museum, a private institution, and a regional museum—was conducted. This was followed by a qualitative phase involving in-depth, semi-structured interviews with 22 museum directors, curators, financial managers, and representatives from source communities. The data were analyzed to identify correlations between investment strategies and institutional capacities for decolonial action. The findings revealed that museum endowments were predominantly invested in global equity and bond markets, with significant exposure to multinational corporations in the Global North, including those in extractive and banking sectors with colonial entanglements. This structure created a "perpetuity paradox," where fiduciary duties were interpreted as precluding the use of funds for restitution-related costs. A profound disconnect was identified between the museums' public-facing decolonial missions and their internal financial strategies. The study culminated in the development of the Restitution and Equity-Aligned (REA) Framework, a novel model for portfolio restructuring. In conclusion, traditional endowment management represents a significant, yet often invisible, colonial legacy within museums. To genuinely decolonize, Indonesian museums must move beyond curatorial gestures and fundamentally restructure their financial engines. The proposed REA Framework provides a viable, ethical, and financially prudent pathway for aligning investment practices with the moral obligations of restitution and the pursuit of reparative justice, offering a replicable model for institutions worldwide.

Reconfiguring Rivalry: Ideological Sorting, Digital Media, and the New Landscape of Affective Polarization in the Post-2024 Presidential Election in Indonesia Ervin Munandar; Yuniarti Maretha Pasaribu; Firzan Dahlan; Aaliyah El-Hussaini
Open Access Indonesia Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 8 No. 4 (2025): Open Access Indonesia Journal of Social Sciences
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/oaijss.v8i4.294

The 2024 Indonesian presidential election marked a tectonic shift in its political landscape, dissolving the decade-long 'Cebong versus Kampret' rivalry. This study investigates whether this realignment led to depolarization or a reconfiguration of partisan animosity. It examines the structure and predictors of affective polarization in the immediate post-election environment. A cross-sectional survey was conducted from May to July 2024, involving 1,500 respondents across 15 provinces, selected via a multi-stage random sampling method with probability proportional to size. Affective polarization was measured using a feeling thermometer scale. Key predictors—including ideological self-placement, social media consumption for political news, and intergroup contact—were analyzed using hierarchical multiple regression. To test for non-linear ideological effects, both linear and quadratic terms for ideology were included in the model. The analysis reveals that affective polarization remains a potent force. The regression model showed a strong fit (R2= 0.47). While a linear measure of ideology was not a significant predictor, its quadratic term was a powerful and positive predictor (b = 0.42, p<0.001), indicating a U-shaped relationship where individuals at both ideological poles exhibit significantly higher polarization than those in the center. High consumption of partisan social media was also strongly associated with increased polarization (b = 0.35, p<0.001), while quality intergroup contact was linked to lower levels (b = -0.21, p<0.001). In conclusion, the post-2024 political era in Indonesia is characterized by a reconfiguration, not a dissipation, of affective polarization. The cleavage is no longer primarily personality-driven but is increasingly structured by ideological sorting, amplified by digital media ecosystems. These findings highlight the need for initiatives promoting cross-cutting dialogue and digital literacy to safeguard democratic health.

Reconfiguring Rivalry: Ideological Sorting, Digital Media, and the New Landscape of Affective Polarization in the Post-2024 Presidential Election in Indonesia Ervin Munandar; Yuniarti Maretha Pasaribu; Firzan Dahlan; Aaliyah El-Hussaini
Open Access Indonesia Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 8 No. 4 (2025): Open Access Indonesia Journal of Social Sciences
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/oaijss.v8i4.294

The 2024 Indonesian presidential election marked a tectonic shift in its political landscape, dissolving the decade-long 'Cebong versus Kampret' rivalry. This study investigates whether this realignment led to depolarization or a reconfiguration of partisan animosity. It examines the structure and predictors of affective polarization in the immediate post-election environment. A cross-sectional survey was conducted from May to July 2024, involving 1,500 respondents across 15 provinces, selected via a multi-stage random sampling method with probability proportional to size. Affective polarization was measured using a feeling thermometer scale. Key predictors—including ideological self-placement, social media consumption for political news, and intergroup contact—were analyzed using hierarchical multiple regression. To test for non-linear ideological effects, both linear and quadratic terms for ideology were included in the model. The analysis reveals that affective polarization remains a potent force. The regression model showed a strong fit (R2= 0.47). While a linear measure of ideology was not a significant predictor, its quadratic term was a powerful and positive predictor (b = 0.42, p<0.001), indicating a U-shaped relationship where individuals at both ideological poles exhibit significantly higher polarization than those in the center. High consumption of partisan social media was also strongly associated with increased polarization (b = 0.35, p<0.001), while quality intergroup contact was linked to lower levels (b = -0.21, p<0.001). In conclusion, the post-2024 political era in Indonesia is characterized by a reconfiguration, not a dissipation, of affective polarization. The cleavage is no longer primarily personality-driven but is increasingly structured by ideological sorting, amplified by digital media ecosystems. These findings highlight the need for initiatives promoting cross-cutting dialogue and digital literacy to safeguard democratic health.

The Great Escape: A Phenomenological and Structural Equation Analysis of #KaburAjaDulu and Transnational Migration Aspirations among Indonesia’s Urban Gen Z Iis Sugandhi; Susi Diana; Yuniarti Maretha Pasaribu
Open Access Indonesia Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 8 No. 5 (2025): Open Access Indonesia Journal of Social Sciences
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/oaijss.v8i5.305

In the wake of post-pandemic shifts in labor dynamics, the hashtag #KaburAjaDulu has emerged as a potent cultural signifier among Indonesian youth, reflecting a deepening disillusionment with the neoliberal promise of upward mobility. This study investigates the intersection between quiet quitting—defined as psychological disengagement from labor—and migration aspirations, or physical withdrawal, as a singular phenomenon of existential resistance. The novelty of this research lies in its synthesis of digital anthropology and organizational sociology to treat workplace disengagement and migration as two points on the same continuum of escape. Adopting a mixed-methods approach, the study utilized Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) through semi-structured interviews with 30 young professionals in Jakarta’s creative and corporate sectors. These qualitative findings were triangulated with a quantitative validation through Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) of 1,000 digital entries to ensure the interview themes were representative of the broader digital discourse. Findings reveal three master themes: The Working Dead Syndrome, depicting emotional detachment; Digital Solidarity, where the hashtag serves as a third space for collective survival; and The Green Pasture Mirage, where migration represents a quest for systemic dignity. SEM analysis confirms that Workplace Toxicity and Digital Peer Support significantly predict Migration Aspirations, with fit indices meeting rigorous publication standards. The study concludes that to retain Gen Z talent, the Indonesian corporate sector must move beyond superficial perks toward genuine structural reform.

The Great Escape: A Phenomenological and Structural Equation Analysis of #KaburAjaDulu and Transnational Migration Aspirations among Indonesia’s Urban Gen Z Iis Sugandhi; Susi Diana; Yuniarti Maretha Pasaribu
Open Access Indonesia Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 8 No. 5 (2025): Open Access Indonesia Journal of Social Sciences
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/oaijss.v8i5.305

In the wake of post-pandemic shifts in labor dynamics, the hashtag #KaburAjaDulu has emerged as a potent cultural signifier among Indonesian youth, reflecting a deepening disillusionment with the neoliberal promise of upward mobility. This study investigates the intersection between quiet quitting—defined as psychological disengagement from labor—and migration aspirations, or physical withdrawal, as a singular phenomenon of existential resistance. The novelty of this research lies in its synthesis of digital anthropology and organizational sociology to treat workplace disengagement and migration as two points on the same continuum of escape. Adopting a mixed-methods approach, the study utilized Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) through semi-structured interviews with 30 young professionals in Jakarta’s creative and corporate sectors. These qualitative findings were triangulated with a quantitative validation through Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) of 1,000 digital entries to ensure the interview themes were representative of the broader digital discourse. Findings reveal three master themes: The Working Dead Syndrome, depicting emotional detachment; Digital Solidarity, where the hashtag serves as a third space for collective survival; and The Green Pasture Mirage, where migration represents a quest for systemic dignity. SEM analysis confirms that Workplace Toxicity and Digital Peer Support significantly predict Migration Aspirations, with fit indices meeting rigorous publication standards. The study concludes that to retain Gen Z talent, the Indonesian corporate sector must move beyond superficial perks toward genuine structural reform.

Synthetic Reality and the Erosion of Epistemic Trust: Deepfake Misinformation, Confirmation Bias, and Democratic Cynicism Among Indonesian Voters Yuniarti Maretha Pasaribu; Aaliyah El-Hussaini
Open Access Indonesia Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 9 No. 3 (2026): Open Access Indonesia Journal of Social Sciences
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/oaijss.v9i3.326

Background: Synthetic media generated by artificial intelligence (deepfakes) threatens democratic consolidation, yet most evidence is Western and video-centred and rarely models how such media shapes citizens' political attitudes. Objective: Grounded in epistemic-trust theory, motivated-reasoning theory, and the Liar's Dividend thesis, this study examined how the illusion of authenticity, confirmation-bias acceleration, and perception of the Liar's Dividend relate to democratic cynicism among Indonesian voters, and whether confirmation bias mediates and synthetic-media literacy moderates these relationships. Methods: A nested mixed-methods design combined computational extraction of 4,200 synthetic-media items (detector F1 = 0.92), a cross-sectional survey of 3,000 adults recruited by proportional random sampling across three urban centres in Indonesia, and digital ethnography with 50 key informants. Results: The novel Epistemic Trust Erosion Scale demonstrated strong reliability (total alpha = 0.893; subscales 0.77 to 0.85) and sampling adequacy (KMO = 0.93). Cloned-audio deepfakes were trusted by 76.2% of respondents but consciously detected by only 11.5%, inverting the global assumption of video primacy. Illusion of authenticity (beta = 0.256), confirmation bias (beta = 0.269), and Liar's Dividend perception (beta = 0.212) each predicted democratic cynicism (all p < 0.001), explaining 33.0% of its variance (F(3, 2996) = 492.57, p < 0.001, f-squared = 0.493). Confirmation bias partially mediated the authenticity-cynicism pathway (indirect effect = 0.153, 95% CI [0.135, 0.172]). Synthetic-media literacy lowered cynicism but did not buffer the pathway. Conclusion: The findings extend deepfake scholarship to oral, messaging-centred Global-South publics and inform electoral-integrity policy.

Synthetic Reality and the Erosion of Epistemic Trust: Deepfake Misinformation, Confirmation Bias, and Democratic Cynicism Among Indonesian Voters Yuniarti Maretha Pasaribu; Aaliyah El-Hussaini
Open Access Indonesia Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 9 No. 3 (2026): Open Access Indonesia Journal of Social Sciences
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/oaijss.v9i3.326

Background: Synthetic media generated by artificial intelligence (deepfakes) threatens democratic consolidation, yet most evidence is Western and video-centred and rarely models how such media shapes citizens' political attitudes. Objective: Grounded in epistemic-trust theory, motivated-reasoning theory, and the Liar's Dividend thesis, this study examined how the illusion of authenticity, confirmation-bias acceleration, and perception of the Liar's Dividend relate to democratic cynicism among Indonesian voters, and whether confirmation bias mediates and synthetic-media literacy moderates these relationships. Methods: A nested mixed-methods design combined computational extraction of 4,200 synthetic-media items (detector F1 = 0.92), a cross-sectional survey of 3,000 adults recruited by proportional random sampling across three urban centres in Indonesia, and digital ethnography with 50 key informants. Results: The novel Epistemic Trust Erosion Scale demonstrated strong reliability (total alpha = 0.893; subscales 0.77 to 0.85) and sampling adequacy (KMO = 0.93). Cloned-audio deepfakes were trusted by 76.2% of respondents but consciously detected by only 11.5%, inverting the global assumption of video primacy. Illusion of authenticity (beta = 0.256), confirmation bias (beta = 0.269), and Liar's Dividend perception (beta = 0.212) each predicted democratic cynicism (all p < 0.001), explaining 33.0% of its variance (F(3, 2996) = 492.57, p < 0.001, f-squared = 0.493). Confirmation bias partially mediated the authenticity-cynicism pathway (indirect effect = 0.153, 95% CI [0.135, 0.172]). Synthetic-media literacy lowered cynicism but did not buffer the pathway. Conclusion: The findings extend deepfake scholarship to oral, messaging-centred Global-South publics and inform electoral-integrity policy.

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