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Self-Image Strengthening Program in Children With Disabilities and Chronic Illnesses: A Quasi-Experimental Research Frilya Rachma Putri; Sri Andarini; Purwaningtyas, Nuretha Hevy; Ariani; Dyahris Koentartiwi; Runtuk, Kresna Septiandy; Pallavi Abhilasha; Puspa Maharani; Herman Yosef; Janice Valencia; Tjahyadi, Elvira Irene; Devy, Monica Sari; Rahmadian, Mayniar Ayu
Jurnal Psikiatri Surabaya Vol. 14 No. 1 (2025): May
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jps.v14i1.54659

Abstract

Introduction: Children with disabilities/chronic illnesses often have difficulties in socializing and tend to have a low self-image. Parents, as the main children’s self-image-forming factor, also ex-perience difficulties in dealing with their children. This study aims to increase children’s and parents’ knowledge about self-image and acceptance, hence improving children’s self-image. Methods: A quasi-experimental research study with the intervention of three modules for children and parents was carried out between June and September 2022. Thirty children and their parents from the Community for Empowerment of Parents of Children with Special Needs, the Heart Warrior Community, and the Foundation for De-velopment of Disabled Children were included. Pretest and posttest were measured and statistically tested using the Wilcoxon test. At the end of the interventions, the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, Self-Harm Inventory, Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, and Pediatric Quality of Life were measured. Results: There was a sig-nificant increase in knowledge on 3 child modules and 1 parent module. The Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale score is 17.17 ± 2.618 (good self-image); the Self-Harm Inventory score is 2.18 ± 3.275 (low risk of self-injury); the Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire score is 18.37 ± 5.230 (moderate difficulty); and the Pediatric Qual-ity of Life value is 34.64 ± 12.077 (good quality of life). Conclusion: The self-image strengthening module intervention is effective in increasing children’s and parents’ knowledge. Children with dis-abilities/chronic illnesses have a good self-image, low self-harm tendencies, and relatively good quality of life.
Laporan Kasus Berbasis Bukti: Depresi pada Epilepsi Putri, Frilya Rachma; Runtuk, Kresna Septiandy; Ghaydaqila, Calista Felicia; Phernando, Nicholas Kevin
Majalah Kedokteran Indonesia Vol 75 No 5 (2025): Journal of The Indonesian Medical Association - Majalah Kedokteran Indonesia, Vo
Publisher : PENGURUS BESAR IKATAN DOKTER INDONESIA (PB IDI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47830/jinma-vol.75.5-2025-1578

Abstract

Introduction: Depression affects approximately 22.9% of people with epilepsy (PWE), substantially higher than the general population. This comorbidity is mediated by complex neurobiological mechanisms including neuroinflammation, GABA-glutamate imbalance, and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis dysregulation, and is further exacerbated by psychosocial stigma.Case Presentation: We report the case of a 19-year-old woman with epilepsy diagnosed at age 6 who had been treated with phenytoin for 12 years. She developed depressive symptoms following prolonged bullying and social stigma, presenting with persistent sadness, anhedonia, self-harm behaviors, and subsequent psychotic features. Initial management included sertraline and aripiprazole. A drug-drug interactions between sertraline and phenytoin resulted in ataxia and gait imbalance, necessitating a switch in antiepileptic therapy to levetiracetam, carbamazepine, and clobazam.Methods: A systematic literature review using PubMed, Cochrane, and Google Scholar databases, focusing on studies published between 2018 amd 2023 evaluating antidepressant treatment in PWE.Result: Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are recommended as first-line treatment for depression in epilepsy (recommendation level B). Venlafaxine reduced Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD) scores by 7.59 points compared with no treatment (RR 3.25; 95%CI 1.19–8.90; NNT = 4). Paroxetine versus doxepin demonstrated an RR of 1.16 (95%CI 0.88–1.52; NNT = 9), while amitriptyline versus nomifensine showed an RR of 0.55 (95%CI 0.28–1.06; NNT = 3). SSRIs (sertraline or citalopram) reduced Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) scores by 4.90 points compared with cognitive behavioral therapy.Conclusion: SSRIs are effective to reduce depressive symptoms in PWE, with venlafaxine representing a viable alternative for non-responders. However, clinicians should carefully consider potential drug-drug interactions, particularly CYP450 enzyme inhibition, which may increase antiepileptic drug levels and require dose adjustments and close monitoring.