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All Journal Journal of Pharmaceuticals and Natural Sciences Jurnal Analis Kesehatan Kendari
Zainal Syam Arifin
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Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemistry Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology

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UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN SENYAWA METABOLIT SEKUNDER DARI EKSTRAK KULIT BATANG PALIASA (Kleinhovia hospita Linn) Imran; Angga Febrian; Zainal Syam Arifin; Thamrin Azis; I Wayan Sutapa; Nohong; La Agusu; Syahrir; Alwahab
Jurnal Analis Kesehatan Kendari Vol. 7 No. 2 (2025): Jurnal Analis Kesehatan Kendari (JAKK) : Vol. 7 (2) Juni 2025)
Publisher : Program Study of Medical Laboratory Technology , Politeknik Bina Husada Kendari

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46356/jakk.v7i2.351

Abstract

This study aims to test the antioxidant activity of secondary metabolite compounds contained in paliasa (Kleinhovia hospita Linn) stem bark extract. This plant is traditionally known to have health benefits, but research on the antioxidant activity of its stem bark is still limited. Extraction was done using a maceration method using a methanol solvent, followed by liquid-liquid fractionation using n-hexane and ethyl acetate to separate compounds based on their polarity. Phytochemical screening showed that the n-hexane fraction contained alkaloids and terpenoids, while the ethyl acetate fraction contained alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, and saponins. The antioxidant activity of both fractions was tested using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method with absorbance measurements at a wavelength of 517 nm. The test results showed that the ethyl acetate fraction had an IC50 value of 51.7687 ppm, while the n-hexane fraction had an IC50 value of 60.5442 ppm. Based on the classification of antioxidant activity, both fractions are categorized as strong antioxidants (IC50 between 50-100 ppm). For comparison, vitamin C has an IC50 value of 14.3421 ppm, indicating strong antioxidant activity. The results of this study indicate that paliasa bark extract, especially the ethyl acetate fraction, has the potential as a source of natural antioxidants that can be further developed in the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and food industries as an alternative to synthetic antioxidants with toxicity risks.
Synthesis and Characterization of Cellulose Nata de Coco Inserted Nanoparticles Zn-Moringa Leaf Extract (Moringa oleifera) as Biodegradable plastic Banan Fruit Packaging Ramadan; Ramadhan, La Ode Ahmad Nur; Zainal Syam Arifin
Journal of Pharmaceuticals and Natural Sciences Vol. 1 No. 3 (2024): J. Pharm. Nat. Sci.
Publisher : B-CRETA Publisher (CV. Borneo Citra Kreatama)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70392/jpns.v1i3.118135

Abstract

Synthesis and characterization of cellulose nata de coco inserted nanoparticles of zinc-moringa leaf extract as biodegradable plastic for banana fruit packaging has been carried out. This study aims to determine the characteristics, biodegradability and preservation activity of biodegradable plastic cellulose nata de coco inserted zinc nanoparticles-moringa leaf extract. The research process was carried out through the nata de coco synthesis stage, zinc nanoparticle synthesis-moringa leaf extract and the manufacture of biodegradable plastics. The success of this synthesis is evidenced by being characterized using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer, FTIR spectrophotometer and digital optical microscope. The results of UV-Vis spectrophotometer analysis showed that the zinc nanoparticles formed had an estimated particle size of 85.72-92.92 nm and were stable. The results of FTIR analysis on Moringa leaf extract showed the presence of -OH, C-H, C=O, C=C and C-O groups. In the biodegradable plastic film nata de coco-NPZn-moringa leaf extract, there was a peak shift in several functional groups marked at the peaks of wavenumbers 555.50 and 432.05 cm-1 which are ZnZP groups. Characterization using a digital optical microscope showed that zinc nanoparticlesThe synthesis is spherical, non-uniform, and has been well distributed on the cellulose surface of nata de coco. Biodegradation test on nata de coco-NPZn-Moringa leaf extract biodegradable plastic film using activated sludge system, test results show biodegradable plastic can be degraded 100% for 15 days. Preservation activities show that packaged bananas are still able to survive up to 8 days of post-harvest storage period. These results show the effectiveness of biodegradable plastic preservation of nata de coco-NPZn-moringa leaf extract biodegradable plastic which is quite good.
Optimizing Sand-Based Biofilm Biosorption for Copper (Cu) Mitigation: Mechanisms, Optimal Conditions, and Environmental Implications Rosna; Zaeni, Ahmad; Kadidae, Laode; Zainal Syam Arifin
Journal of Pharmaceuticals and Natural Sciences Vol. 2 No. 1 (2025): J. Pharm. Nat. Sci.
Publisher : B-CRETA Publisher (CV. Borneo Citra Kreatama)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70392/jpns.v2i1.3746

Abstract

Copper (Cu) pollution from industrial wastewater has emerged as a critical environmental issue due to its toxicity, bioaccumulation, and persistence in aquatic ecosystems. Conventional methods for heavy metal remediation often fail to address the dual challenge of high costs and environmental sustainability, necessitating alternative approaches. This study explores the use of sand-based biofilms for the biosorption of Cu ions, leveraging the natural ability of biofilms to adsorb and immobilize heavy metals. The research focuses on optimizing biosorption conditions, including contact time, initial Cu concentration, and pH, while evaluating the broader impacts on water quality parameters such as Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), and Total Dissolved Solids (TDS). The experimental results demonstrated that biosorption efficiency peaked at a contact time of 1 day, an initial Cu concentration of 100 mg/L, and a pH of 8. At these optimal conditions, the biofilm achieved a biosorption capacity of 39.7 mg/L for Cu ions. Moreover, the treatment significantly improved water quality, reducing COD by 77.06%, BOD by 78.92%, and TDS by 30%. The mechanism of biosorption was influenced by the availability of functional groups within the extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) of the biofilm, which provided binding sites for Cu ions. The influence of pH was particularly notable, as it regulated the ionic interactions between Cu2+ and the biofilm matrix. This study not only confirms the effectiveness of biofilm-based biosorption for heavy metal mitigation but also highlights its dual role in reducing organic and inorganic pollutants in wastewater. The use of sand as a substrate for biofilm growth adds an element of scalability and economic feasibility, making it an attractive solution for industrial applications. The findings underscore the potential of this eco-friendly approach to contribute to sustainable wastewater management, addressing both environmental and public health concerns associated with heavy metal contamination. Future research could explore the application of this method for other heavy metals and its integration into existing wastewater treatment systems.
Co-Authors Ahmad Zaeni, Ahmad Alwahab Alwahab Angga Febrian I Wayan Sutapa Imran Kadidae, Laode La Agusu La Ode Ahmad Nur Ramadhan Nohong Ramadan Rosna Syahrir THAMRIN AZIS