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A Lexicostatistical Study: Language Kinship of Dayak Ngaju and Dayak Maanyan Language Dilla Sintia; Imam Qalyubi; Misrita
EJI (English Journal of Indragiri): Studies in Education, Literature, and Linguistics Vol. 9 No. 2 (2025): EJI (English Journal of Indragiri): Studies in Education, Literature, and Lingu
Publisher : Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61672/eji.v9i2.3001

Abstract

This study explores the linguistic kinship between the Dayak Ngaju and Dayak Maanyan languages, two prominent indigenous languages spoken in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. Utilizing a lexicostatistical approach based on the 200-item Swadesh list vocabularies, the research aims to quantify the level of relatedness between the two languages and identify sound changes that mark their historical divergence. Data were collected through direct elicitation from native speakers and supplemented with secondary sources. The analysis found that 64 out of 200 vocabulary items are cognates, resulting in a kinship value of 32%, which classifies the relationship at the stock level. This indicates that while both languages likely share a common ancestral language, they have diverged significantly over time due to phonological shifts, socio-cultural factors, and geographic separation. Further comparative analysis revealed systematic sound changes. These findings contribute to a broader understanding of the Austronesian language family and emphasize the importance of preserving linguistic diversity in the Borneo region.
ESP in Practice: A Literature Review of Challenges Faced by Teachers and Learners Dilla Sintia; Indra Perdana; Elanneri Karani
EJI (English Journal of Indragiri): Studies in Education, Literature, and Linguistics Vol. 9 No. 2 (2025): EJI (English Journal of Indragiri): Studies in Education, Literature, and Lingu
Publisher : Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61672/eji.v9i2.3003

Abstract

ESP means teaching of English for vocational or professional purposes. ESP concentrates on giving students the language skills required for efficient communication in specialized fields. This literature review investigates the major instructional challenges faced by educators and learners in English for Specific Purposes (ESP), particularly those related to content knowledge gaps, lack of authentic materials, curriculum alignment, and technological limitations in specialized academic and vocational settings. This review identifies five major challenges: (1) a gap in subject-matter knowledge among ESP instructors, (2) a lack of authentic, field-specific learning materials, (3) learners’ struggles with technical language and genre-specific discourse, (4) inadequate needs analysis and curriculum alignment, and (5) technological limitations that hinder digital integration. The findings suggest that many ESP programs fall short due to a lack of institutional support, insufficient teacher training, and weak collaboration between language educators and content experts. To address these challenges, the review recommends interdisciplinary cooperation, the development of contextually relevant resources, continuous needs assessment, and strategic use of educational technology. These steps are essential for improving the relevance and effectiveness of ESP instruction in diverse educational and professional settings.
A Sociolinguistics Analysis of Code-Switching Used in English Language Classroom Umi Mujiarni; Vannia Liebnis; Dilla Sintia; Maria Arina Luardini; Natalina Asi
ENGLISH JOURNAL OF INDRAGIRI Vol. 10 No. 1 (2026): EJI (English Journal of Indragiri): Studies in Education, Literature, and Ling
Publisher : Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61672/eji.v10i1.3037

Abstract

This study examines the phenomenon of code-switching that occurs in the English learning process in the informal tutoring class ProBimbel. The purpose of this study was to identify the types of code-switching used by students, the context in which code-switching occurs, and its sociolinguistic functions in teaching and learning interactions. This study used a descriptive qualitative approach, with eight prospective ProBimbel students (casis) as subjects who had an Indonesian language background and English language skills at elementary to intermediate levels. The data were collected through direct observation and audio-visual recordings of classroom activities, and were later analyzed using a systematic coding framework to identify the forms of code-switching and interpret their meanings. The results showed that intra-sentential switching was the most dominant type of code-switching (50%), followed by inter-sentential switching (25%) and tag switching (25%). The most frequent code-switching functions included clarification, expressions of misunderstanding, transitions, and opening discussions. These findings suggest that code-switching functions as an adaptive communication strategy and contextually supports the language learning process. In conclusion, code-switching is not a linguistic error but rather a reflection of developing communicative competence.