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All Journal Jurnal Biologi Tropis Biocaster : Jurnal Kajian Biologi Medical and Health Journal
Angelita, Puja Rizkina
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Education Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology

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Literature Review: Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis Angelita, Puja Rizkina
Biocaster : Jurnal Kajian Biologi Vol. 5 No. 3 (2025): July
Publisher : Lembaga Pendidikan, Penelitian, dan Pengabdian Kamandanu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36312/biocaster.v5i3.538

Abstract

Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (AIS) is the most common spinal deformity seen by general practitioners, pediatricians, and spine surgeons in adolescents aged 10–18 years. Also known as “late-onset” scoliosis, AIS is typically characterized by a lateral curvature of the spine of ≥10° on radiological examination. This article aims to examine the characteristics, prevalence, diagnostic methods, and risk factors of AIS through a literature review. The method used was a literature review of several scientific articles from the PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases published within the past 10 years. The results of the study indicate that AIS is more common in females, with a global prevalence ranging from 0.47 to 5.2%. Physical examinations, such as the Adams forward bend test, are common initial screening methods for detecting postural abnormalities, such as rib hump or shoulder asymmetry. The conclusions of this review emphasize the importance of early detection of AIS to prevent progression of the disorder and long-term biomechanical complications.
Literature Review: Skin Aging in the Ederly Population Salsabila, Baiq Ghefira Rojwani Putri; Hardiant, Excell Defry; Suryani, Elsa Indah; Salsabila, Tsania Zulfa; Savitri, Puti Amelia; Untari, Lania Pradiva; Paradiesta, Andi Frieskha Naurah; Angelita, Puja Rizkina; Adidaifa, Muhammad Fikri; Musyarof, Disa Fadil; Hidayatullah, Audi
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 3 (2025): Juli-September
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i3.10032

Abstract

Skin aging is a progressive degenerative process characterized by a decline in the structural and functional capacity of the skin to maintain its protective, regenerative, and homeostatic roles. It is influenced by both intrinsic factors, such as genetics, telomere shortening, mitochondrial dysfunction, hormonal changes, microbiota alterations, and decreased vitamin D production, and extrinsic factors, including ultraviolet radiation, pollution, smoking, oxidative stress, and lifestyle. Clinically, skin aging presents with thinning, dryness, loss of elasticity, fine to deep wrinkles, pigmentary changes, and benign skin lesions. The increasing elderly population, particularly in Indonesia, highlights the growing importance of addressing skin aging due to its impact not only on physical health but also on psychosocial well-being and quality of life. Management strategies include pharmacological approaches such as sunscreens, moisturizers, vitamin D and collagen supplementation, retinoids, and hormone replacement therapy, as well as non-pharmacological interventions including antioxidant-rich nutrition, hydration, allergen avoidance, wound care, dietary restriction, facial massage, and aesthetic procedures like stem cell therapy. Early prevention, timely recognition, and comprehensive management of skin aging are essential to support healthy aging and maintain the quality of life among the elderly.
Understanding Lung Abscess: Clinical Manifestations, Diagnosis, and Management Hadinata, Lalu Gde Gilang Alid; Angelita, Puja Rizkina; Lativa, Nindy Citra; Ningsih, Nur Aulia Ahya
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4a (2025): Special Issue
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4a.10457

Abstract

Lung abscess is a pulmonary condition characterized by a localized collection of pus within lung tissue, usually caused by bacterial infection. It often occurs as a complication of pneumonia, aspiration, or in individuals with weakened immune systems. This literature review aims to discuss the definition, etiology, epidemiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, management, and prognosis of lung abscess to provide a better understanding of this disease and its optimal treatment approach. The review was conducted based on recent literature and clinical guidelines related to lung abscess, including national and international sources such as the Indonesian Society of Pulmonologists (PDPI), WHO reports, and recent journal publications. Lung abscess is primarily caused by anaerobic bacteria and Staphylococcus aureus. The main clinical features include fever, productive cough with foul-smelling sputum, chest pain, and shortness of breath. Diagnosis is established through clinical examination, sputum analysis, and radiological imaging such as chest X-ray or CT scan. The main treatment involves antibiotic therapy, followed by drainage or surgical procedures if no improvement occurs. Prognosis depends on early diagnosis and appropriate antibiotic use, with mortality rates ranging from 10–20%. Early recognition and proper management of lung abscess are essential to prevent complications such as empyema or bronchopleural fistula. Rational antibiotic use and supportive care remain the cornerstone of therapy, while surgical intervention is reserved for refractory cases.
Exclusive Breastfeeding and the Risk of Complicated Pneumonia in Toddlers: A Literature Review Angelita, Puja Rizkina; Sandhi Parwata, Wayan Sulaksmana; Kurniawaty, Titi Pambudi
Medical and Health Journal Vol 5 No 2 (2026): February
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mhj.2026.5.2.18385

Abstract

Pneumonia is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in children under five worldwide. The World Health Organization (WHO, 2019) reports that pneumonia accounts for approximately 14% of all infant deaths, with more than 740,000 deaths per year. In Indonesia, the prevalence of pneumonia in infants remains high, including in West Nusa Tenggara Province, which recorded 32,128 cases in 2023, with 4,183 cases in West Lombok Regency. One protective factor believed to reduce the risk of pneumonia is exclusive breastfeeding during the first six months of life. Breast milk contains various immunological components such as secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA), lactoferrin, lysozyme, and oligosaccharides, which play a role in protecting against lower respiratory tract infections (Lyons et al., 2020; Moraes-Pinto et al., 2021). This literature review was compiled using a narrative literature review method using relevant national and international sources, including journals from PubMed, ScienceDirect, and official WHO and UNICEF reports. The literature reviewed was published between 2015 and 2024, focusing on the relationship between exclusive breastfeeding and the incidence of pneumonia in toddlers. The analysis was conducted descriptively and thematically, reflecting the content of previous studies. Based on the study results, exclusive breastfeeding has been shown to have a significant protective effect against the incidence of pneumonia. Infants who are not exclusively breastfed have a two to five times higher risk of developing lower respiratory tract infections (Popovsky, E.Y. and Florin, T.A., 2021). A global study by Victora et al. (2016) found that exclusive breastfeeding reduces the risk of severe pneumonia by up to 64% and has the potential to prevent 820,000 child deaths annually. However, the incidence of complicated pneumonia is also influenced by other factors such as nutritional status, basic immunizations, exposure to cigarette smoke, and home environmental conditions (Dean & Florin, 2018; Saunders, 2017). Exclusive breastfeeding plays a crucial role in preventing pneumonia in toddlers through immunological mechanisms and protection of the respiratory mucosa. However, because pneumonia is a multifactorial disease, the effectiveness of exclusive breastfeeding needs to be supported by improved nutritional status, immunization coverage, and environmental improvements. Comprehensive promotive and preventive efforts are needed to reduce the incidence of pneumonia and its complications in the community.
Co-Authors Adidaifa, Muhammad Fikri Hadinata, Lalu Gde Gilang Alid Hardiant, Excell Defry Hidayatullah, Audi Kurniawaty, Titi Pambudi Lativa, Nindy Citra Musyarof, Disa Fadil Ningsih, Nur Aulia Ahya Paradiesta, Andi Frieskha Naurah Salsabila, Baiq Ghefira Rojwani Putri Salsabila, Tsania Zulfa Sandhi Parwata, Wayan Sulaksmana Savitri, Puti Amelia Suryani, Elsa Indah Untari, Lania Pradiva