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All Journal Jurnal Biologi Tropis Jurnal Kesehatan Ilmiah Indonesia / Indonesian Health Scientific Journal
Paradiesta, Andi Frieskha Naurah
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health Veterinary

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Literature Review: Skin Aging in the Ederly Population Salsabila, Baiq Ghefira Rojwani Putri; Hardiant, Excell Defry; Suryani, Elsa Indah; Salsabila, Tsania Zulfa; Savitri, Puti Amelia; Untari, Lania Pradiva; Paradiesta, Andi Frieskha Naurah; Angelita, Puja Rizkina; Adidaifa, Muhammad Fikri; Musyarof, Disa Fadil; Hidayatullah, Audi
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 3 (2025): Juli-September
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i3.10032

Abstract

Skin aging is a progressive degenerative process characterized by a decline in the structural and functional capacity of the skin to maintain its protective, regenerative, and homeostatic roles. It is influenced by both intrinsic factors, such as genetics, telomere shortening, mitochondrial dysfunction, hormonal changes, microbiota alterations, and decreased vitamin D production, and extrinsic factors, including ultraviolet radiation, pollution, smoking, oxidative stress, and lifestyle. Clinically, skin aging presents with thinning, dryness, loss of elasticity, fine to deep wrinkles, pigmentary changes, and benign skin lesions. The increasing elderly population, particularly in Indonesia, highlights the growing importance of addressing skin aging due to its impact not only on physical health but also on psychosocial well-being and quality of life. Management strategies include pharmacological approaches such as sunscreens, moisturizers, vitamin D and collagen supplementation, retinoids, and hormone replacement therapy, as well as non-pharmacological interventions including antioxidant-rich nutrition, hydration, allergen avoidance, wound care, dietary restriction, facial massage, and aesthetic procedures like stem cell therapy. Early prevention, timely recognition, and comprehensive management of skin aging are essential to support healthy aging and maintain the quality of life among the elderly.
Hypothyroidism: A Literature Review Hardiant, Excell Defry; Adidaifa, Muhammad Fikri; Salsabila, Tsania Zulfa; Maulana, Muhammad Rafi; Salsabila, Baiq Ghefira Rojwani Putri; Untari, Lania Pradiva; Suryani, Elsa Indah; Paradiesta, Andi Frieskha Naurah; Savitri, Puti Amelia; Rahmat, Basuki
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 3 (2025): Juli-September
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i3.10033

Abstract

Hypothyroidism is a condition in which the thyroid gland is unable to produce enough hormones to meet the body's needs. This condition causes a slowed metabolism, which can lead to various symptoms such as fatigue, weight gain, dry skin, hair loss, constipation, cold intolerance, and facial puffiness. Given the widespread impact of hypothyroidism and the potential for serious complications, special attention is needed for early detection, diagnosis, and effective treatment of hypothyroidism. This literature review was conducted using journal review methods and data searches through sources such as PubMed, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect. The search used the keywords "hypothyroidism," "hypothyroid," "thyroid gland," and "Hashimoto's thyroiditis." The results of the literature review found that the main cause of hypothyroidism is Hashimoto's thyroiditis, an autoimmune disease in which antibodies attack the thyroid gland. Hypothyroidism is diagnosed by examining elevated TSH and decreased free T4 levels, as well as anti-TPO antibody tests to detect Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Treatment for hypothyroidism generally involves administering levothyroxine, a synthetic thyroid hormone, to replace the deficient hormone and normalize metabolic function. Healthy lifestyle support, such as diet and stress management, is also important to help optimally manage this condition. In conclusion, hypothyroidism is characterized by a decrease in thyroid hormone production and preventive management is pharmacological in the form of levothyroxine, while non-pharmacological management is in the form of regulating food intake.
Cranial Nerves and Plexuses Optic Nerve (N.II) Rizqi, Amanda Suana; Sugiyanto, Aqilla Nasywa Nabila; Febianisa, Tabitha Afifah; Zulkifli, Yasmin Sabrina; Paradiesta, Andi Frieskha Naurah; Azzahra, Anis Aura; Rofilah, Alita Khainur; Sugiono, Muhammad Rafly Adrian; Fauzan, Naufal Revaldy; Haikal, Muhammad; Rifki, Muhammad
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4 (2025): Oktober-Desember
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4.10124

Abstract

Cranial nerves are an integral part of the peripheral nervous system, playing a crucial role in transmitting afferent and efferent nerve impulses, particularly in the head and neck area. Unlike spinal nerves, cranial nerves have distinct functional nuclei in the brainstem, grouped into sensory (posterior and lateral) and motor (anterior) nuclei. The optic nerve is a purely afferent (sensory) nerve, responsible for transmitting visual information from rod and cone receptors in the retina to the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) and superior colliculus (SC) in the thalamus. The optic nerve's innervation pathway begins with retinal ganglion cells, which form nerve fibers, pass through the optic canal, and then cross at the optic chiasm. Disruption of this pathway can lead to various clinical manifestations, such as vision loss or visual field impairment, which will be discussed further. Therefore, a thorough understanding of the anatomy and function of the optic nerve is crucial for the diagnosis and treatment of neuro-ophthalmological conditions.
Clinical and Epidemiological Overview of Influenza: A Literature Review Rifki, Muhammad; Rachman, Amanda Azkiyah; Salsabila, Tsania Zulfa; Larasati, Anak Agung Ayu Regina; Paradiesta, Andi Frieskha Naurah
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4 (2025): Oktober-Desember
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4.10278

Abstract

Influenza is an acute contagious respiratory infection that remains a major global health concern due to its high transmissibility and ability to undergo genetic variations through antigenic drift and shift. This review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the definition, epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, diagnostic methods, management, complications, and preventive strategies of influenza based on recent scientific evidence. A narrative review method was employed by analyzing publications from 2008 to 2025, sourced from PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar, using keywords such as “influenza,” “respiratory infection,” “antiviral therapy,” and “influenza vaccination.” The findings show that influenza affects approximately one billion people globally each year, with 3–5 million severe cases and 290,000–650,000 respiratory deaths, particularly among vulnerable groups including children, the elderly, pregnant women, and individuals with chronic diseases. The infection is caused by influenza viruses type A, B, C, and D, with type A being the most associated with epidemics and pandemics. Diagnosis is primarily based on clinical assessment supported by RT-PCR as the gold standard, while neuraminidase inhibitors such as oseltamivir and zanamivir remain the mainstay of therapy when administered early. Annual vaccination remains the most effective preventive measure, complemented by non-pharmacological interventions such as hand hygiene, mask use, and respiratory etiquette. In conclusion, strengthening surveillance systems, improving vaccination coverage, and enhancing early diagnostic capacity are essential strategies to reduce the global burden of influenza and its complications.
Impact of Coma Duration on Functional Outcomes After Septic Encephalopathy: A Literature Review Shafitri, Shira Shalsabina; Sugiono, Muhammad Rafly Adrian; Paradiesta, Andi Frieskha Naurah; Aulia, Siti Zahroni; Ilmiah, Janiya Abdila; Hunaifi, Ilsa
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4a (2025): Special Issue
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4a.10516

Abstract

Sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) is a neurological complication often found on sepsis patients and is associated with high morbidity and mortality rates. It arises from systemic inflammation, blood-brain barrier disruption, microglial and astrocytic activation, and oxidative stress which collectively contribute to neuronal injury and long-term cognitive impairment. This literature review aims to analyze the impact of coma duration on functional outcomes at discharge and long-term survival among patients with SAE. Literatures were searched through PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar with a 10-year publication limit and selected based on topic relevance, study design, and data completeness and were analyzed using a narrative synthesis approach. Findings indicate that prolonged coma duration is strongly associated with poor neurological recovery, increased risk of disability, and early mortality. Conversely, early recovery of consciousness tends to correlate with better short-term functional outcomes. However, among survivors discharged from intensive care, coma duration doesn’t consistently predict long-term survival, although cognitive and quality of life impairments often persist. In conclusion, coma duration serves as an important prognostic factor in SAE, but it should be interpreted alongside other factors such as age, comorbidity, and the severity of sepsis itself. The scientific implications highlight the need for , infection control, and rehabilitative strategies to shorten periods of altered consciousness and improve neurological outcomes in the long term.
Obstruksi Saluran Napas Atas Tsania Zulfa Salsabila; Rachman, Amanda Azkiyah; Larasati, Anak Agung Ayu Regina; Paradiesta, Andi Frieskha Naurah; Muhammad Rifki
Jurnal Kesehatan Ilmiah Aufa Royhan Vol 10 No 2 (2025): Vol. 10 No. 2 Desember 2025
Publisher : Universitas Aufa Royhan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51933/health.v10i2.2245

Abstract

Obstruksi saluran napas atas (upper airway obstruction) merupakan kondisi gawat darurat medis yang ditandai dengan adanya hambatan aliran udara mulai dari rongga hidung hingga laring dan trakea bagian atas. Keadaan ini dapat disebabkan oleh berbagai faktor seperti infeksi, trauma, benda asing, maupun tumor. Manifestasi klinis mencakup kesulitan bernapas, perubahan suara, stridor, nyeri menelan, hingga sianosis dan penurunan kesadaran pada kasus berat. Diagnosis ditegakkan melalui anamnesis, pemeriksaan fisik dan pemeriksaan penunjang. Penatalaksanaan terdiri dari tindakan medikamentosa dan non-medikamentosa. Komplikasi dapat berupa gangguan pernapasan, pneumonia, hingga henti jantung jika tidak tertangani. Prognosis sangat bergantung pada penyebab, usia pasien, dan kecepatan intervensi; kasus akibat infeksi umumnya memiliki hasil yang lebih baik dibandingkan yang disebabkan keganasan. Tujuan penulisan artikel untuk membahas penyebab terjadinya sumbatan jalan napas dan penanganan sumbatan jalan napas. Studi penelitian menggunakan metode literature review. Literature didapatkan dari database PubMed, Science Direct, dan Google Scholar. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa deteksi dini dan penanganan segera merupakan faktor kunci dalam menurunkan angka morbiditas dan mortalitas pada pasien obstruksi jalan napas atas. Obstruksi jalan napas atas merupakan keadaan yang perlu dikenali secara cepat, karena diagnosis dan penanganan dini sangat menentukan keberhasilan terapi serta mencegah komplikasi yang mengancam jiwa. Upper airway obstruction is a medical emergency characterized by impaired airflow from the nasal cavity to the larynx and upper trachea. This condition can be caused by various factors such as infection, trauma, foreign bodies, or tumors. Clinical manifestations include breathing difficulties, voice changes, stridor, painful swallowing, cyanosis, and decreased consciousness in severe cases. Diagnosis is established through anamnesis, physical examination, and supporting investigations. Management consists of both pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions. Complications may include respiratory distress, pneumonia, and even cardiac arrest if left untreated. Prognosis largely depends on the underlying cause, patient age, and timeliness of intervention; cases due to infection generally have better outcomes compared to those caused by malignancy. The aim of this article is to discuss the causes of upper airway obstruction and its management. This study used a literature review method, with 18 scientific articles as references. Literature sources were obtained from PubMed, Science Direct, Google Scholar, medical journal, and textbooks. The findings indicate that early detection and prompt management are key factors in reducing morbidity and mortality in patients with upper airway obstruction. This condition must be recognized quickly, as early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for therapeutic success and for preventing life-threatening complications.
Co-Authors Adidaifa, Muhammad Fikri Angelita, Puja Rizkina Aulia, Siti Zahroni Azzahra, Anis Aura Basuki Rahmat Masdi Siduppa Fauzan, Naufal Revaldy Febianisa, Tabitha Afifah Hardiant, Excell Defry Hidayatullah, Audi Ilmiah, Janiya Abdila Ilsa Hunaifi, Ilsa Larasati, Anak Agung Ayu Regina Maulana, Muhammad Rafi Muhammad Haikal Muhammad Rifki Muhammad Rifki Musyarof, Disa Fadil Rachman, Amanda Azkiyah Rizqi, Amanda Suana Rofilah, Alita Khainur Salsabila, Baiq Ghefira Rojwani Putri Salsabila, Tsania Zulfa Savitri, Puti Amelia Shafitri, Shira Shalsabina Sugiono, Muhammad Rafly Adrian Sugiyanto, Aqilla Nasywa Nabila Suryani, Elsa Indah Tsania Zulfa Salsabila Untari, Lania Pradiva Zulkifli, Yasmin Sabrina