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All Journal Jurnal Biologi Tropis Mandala of Health : A Scientific Journal
Siregar, Chivan Agustinus
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Dentistry Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Public Health

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CURRENT DIAGNOSIS AND MANAGEMENT OF CROHN’S DISEASE: A LITERATURE-BASED REVIEW Pambudi, Novanda Ayu Dila Putri; Siregar, Chivan Agustinus; Santoso, Arysatya Syandana Ararya; Sari, Padmi Kartika; Rachman, Amanda Azkiyah; Hudhori, Syalsa; Muharis, Nihal Ahmad
Mandala Of Health Vol 18 No 2 (2025): Mandala of Health: A Scientific Journal
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mandala.2025.18.2.17307

Abstract

Crohn’s disease is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the gastrointestinal tract with increasing global incidence, shifting from a predominantly Western condition to a rising burden in Asia and other developing regions. Diagnosis requires a multimodal approach, integrating history, laboratory testing, endoscopy with validated activity scores, histopathology, and imaging such as magnetic resonance enterography or intestinal ultrasound. The 2024 ECCO guidelines emphasize fecal biomarkers like calprotectin as non-invasive monitoring tools within a treat-to-target strategy. Management includes pharmacological therapy (corticosteroids, immunomodulators, biologics, and novel small molecules), non-pharmacological measures (exclusive enteral nutrition, micronutrient supplementation, and diet modification), and surgery for refractory strictures, perforations, or complex fistulas. Beyond physical symptoms, Crohn’s disease carries a significant psychosocial burden, underscoring the need for nutritional and psychological support. Despite therapeutic advances, no curative treatment exists. Future research should focus on identifying more accurate biomarkers, improving accessibility to advanced therapies in low-resource settings, and exploring innovative approaches such as precision medicine, microbiota-targeted therapy, and genetic-based interventions.
Diphtheria and Pertussis: A Literature Review of Two Preventable Infectious Diseases Sabrina, Khansa Aulia; Rahmawati, Fadila; Aghni, Hasna Tazkia; Siregar, Chivan Agustinus
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4 (2025): Oktober-Desember
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4.10380

Abstract

Diphtheria and pertussis are dangerous infectious diseases that infect the respiratory tract. Both diseases are caused by bacteria that can affect people of all ages, especially infants and children. The research design used was a literature review. Data sources were obtained by conducting electronic searches through library search engines including PubMed, ScienceDirect, MDPI, and Google Scholar to find journal articles and guidelines discussing diphtheria and pertussis. The findings indicate that diphtheria and pertussis are respiratory infections caused by bacteria. These diseases are transmitted through respiratory droplets and can spread very quickly. Both diseases remain a public health challenge due to their significant morbidity and mortality rates, especially in vulnerable groups such as infants and children. Prevention efforts need to be integrated with early detection of clinical manifestations and diagnosis, appropriate case management, and public education regarding diphtheria and pertussis prevention through timely vaccination and maintaining high vaccination coverage.
Co-Authors Aghni, Hasna Tazkia Hudhori, Syalsa Muharis, Nihal Ahmad Pambudi, Novanda Ayu Dila Putri Rachman, Amanda Azkiyah Rahmawati, Fadila Sabrina, Khansa Aulia Santoso, Arysatya Syandana Ararya Sari, Padmi Kartika