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All Journal Jurnal Biologi Tropis Mandala of Health : A Scientific Journal
Rachman, Amanda Azkiyah
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Dentistry Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Public Health

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CURRENT DIAGNOSIS AND MANAGEMENT OF CROHN’S DISEASE: A LITERATURE-BASED REVIEW Pambudi, Novanda Ayu Dila Putri; Siregar, Chivan Agustinus; Santoso, Arysatya Syandana Ararya; Sari, Padmi Kartika; Rachman, Amanda Azkiyah; Hudhori, Syalsa; Muharis, Nihal Ahmad
Mandala Of Health Vol 18 No 2 (2025): Mandala of Health: A Scientific Journal
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mandala.2025.18.2.17307

Abstract

Crohn’s disease is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the gastrointestinal tract with increasing global incidence, shifting from a predominantly Western condition to a rising burden in Asia and other developing regions. Diagnosis requires a multimodal approach, integrating history, laboratory testing, endoscopy with validated activity scores, histopathology, and imaging such as magnetic resonance enterography or intestinal ultrasound. The 2024 ECCO guidelines emphasize fecal biomarkers like calprotectin as non-invasive monitoring tools within a treat-to-target strategy. Management includes pharmacological therapy (corticosteroids, immunomodulators, biologics, and novel small molecules), non-pharmacological measures (exclusive enteral nutrition, micronutrient supplementation, and diet modification), and surgery for refractory strictures, perforations, or complex fistulas. Beyond physical symptoms, Crohn’s disease carries a significant psychosocial burden, underscoring the need for nutritional and psychological support. Despite therapeutic advances, no curative treatment exists. Future research should focus on identifying more accurate biomarkers, improving accessibility to advanced therapies in low-resource settings, and exploring innovative approaches such as precision medicine, microbiota-targeted therapy, and genetic-based interventions.
Clinical and Epidemiological Overview of Influenza: A Literature Review Rifki, Muhammad; Rachman, Amanda Azkiyah; Salsabila, Tsania Zulfa; Larasati, Anak Agung Ayu Regina; Paradiesta, Andi Frieskha Naurah
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4 (2025): in Progress
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4.10278

Abstract

Influenza is an acute contagious respiratory infection that remains a major global health concern due to its high transmissibility and ability to undergo genetic variations through antigenic drift and shift. This review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the definition, epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, diagnostic methods, management, complications, and preventive strategies of influenza based on recent scientific evidence. A narrative review method was employed by analyzing publications from 2008 to 2025, sourced from PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar, using keywords such as “influenza,” “respiratory infection,” “antiviral therapy,” and “influenza vaccination.” The findings show that influenza affects approximately one billion people globally each year, with 3–5 million severe cases and 290,000–650,000 respiratory deaths, particularly among vulnerable groups including children, the elderly, pregnant women, and individuals with chronic diseases. The infection is caused by influenza viruses type A, B, C, and D, with type A being the most associated with epidemics and pandemics. Diagnosis is primarily based on clinical assessment supported by RT-PCR as the gold standard, while neuraminidase inhibitors such as oseltamivir and zanamivir remain the mainstay of therapy when administered early. Annual vaccination remains the most effective preventive measure, complemented by non-pharmacological interventions such as hand hygiene, mask use, and respiratory etiquette. In conclusion, strengthening surveillance systems, improving vaccination coverage, and enhancing early diagnostic capacity are essential strategies to reduce the global burden of influenza and its complications.
The Effect of Knowledge Level on Anemia among Adolescent Girls in Coastal West Lombok Rachman, Amanda Azkiyah; Lestarini, Ima Arum; Bahraen, Raehanul
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4 (2025): in Progress
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4.10282

Abstract

Hemoglobin levels below 12 g/dL, or anemia, continue to be a serious health issue in developing nations like Indonesia. Teenage girls in coastal areas are particularly at risk. Although research in West Lombok is still in its infancy, knowledge is thought to be the first step in prevention. The aim of this study is to analyze the effect of knowledge level on anemia among adolescent girls in coastal West Lombok. This categorical analytic observational study applied a cross-sectional design, chosen for its efficiency in assessing associations at a single point in time. Purposive sampling recruited 101 respondents who met inclusion criteria (female, aged 15–19, residing in coastal West Lombok, willing to participate). Exclusion criteria included chronic illness or refusal of blood testing. Data were obtained using a validated online questionnaire and hemoglobin measurement. Statistical analysis employed Chi-square test with SPSS version 25.0. The result indicated no significant association was found between knowledge and anemia (p=0.599). However, girls with low knowledge had 1.3 times higher risk of anemia (OR=1.295; 95% CI: 0.493–3.399), suggesting other contributing factors such as nutrition and socioeconomic conditions. In conclusion, knowledge alone does not significantly affect anemia incidence. Integrated education, nutritional interventions, and routine iron supplementation are recommended, with further studies needed.
Co-Authors Bahraen, Raehanul Hudhori, Syalsa Ima Arum Lestarini Larasati, Anak Agung Ayu Regina Muhammad Rifki Muharis, Nihal Ahmad Pambudi, Novanda Ayu Dila Putri Paradiesta, Andi Frieskha Naurah Salsabila, Tsania Zulfa Santoso, Arysatya Syandana Ararya Sari, Padmi Kartika Siregar, Chivan Agustinus