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Aghni, Hasna Tazkia
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology

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Functional Disorders of the Biliary System: Biliary Dyskinesia and Sphincter of Oddi Dysfunction Mikailla, Romy Healthy; Wulandari, Baiq Nurhandini; Wardana, Shira Putri; Firdaus, Nadine Aisyah Sultan; Ramadhan, Panji Sena; Aghni, Hasna Tazkia; Nurhidayati, Nurhidayati
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4 (2025): Oktober-Desember
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4.9955

Abstract

Functional biliary disorders are conditions caused by biliary dysmotility without the presence of gallstones, sludge, microlithiasis, or microcrystalline disease. The most common functional biliary disorders are biliary dyskinesia and sphincter of Oddi dysfunction. This study employed a literature review method by searching and reviewing various references from online databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, and ProQuest. Functional biliary disorders such as biliary dyskinesia and sphincter of Oddi dysfunction often cause biliary pain without gallstones. Although not life-threatening, these disorders can affect quality of life and require appropriate management. Pharmacological treatments such as NSAIDs and ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) can help alleviate symptoms of biliary disorders, but surgical interventions such as cholecystectomy and sphincterotomy may be necessary for more severe cases. The choice of treatment method should take into account the risks and complications, and be carried out by an experienced medical team.
Osteochondroma: A Literature Review with Case Illustrations Firdaus, Nadine Aisyah Sultan; Aliyyu, Aisah; Zubaedi, Alisha Chaerani; Prawiro, Aurellia Wongso; Remtaya, Baiq; Rameci, Hadil Hudati Awwari; Aghni, Hasna Tazkia; Kusuma, I Gusti Ketut Artha Jaya; Ramadhan, Panji Sena; Mikailla, Romy Healthy
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4 (2025): Oktober-Desember
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4.10183

Abstract

Osteochondroma is the most common benign bone tumor, typically discovered during periods of skeletal growth. Although frequently asymptomatic, it may cause pain, deformity, neurovascular compression, or in rare instances undergo malignant transformation into secondary chondrosarcoma. This study presents a case-based literature review to illustrate the spectrum of clinical manifestations, diagnostic approaches, and management strategies of osteochondroma. Three representative cases were analyzed: a 52-year-old female with talar osteochondroma presenting with ankle pain and swelling; a 17-year-old male with distal femoral osteochondroma manifesting as a posterior thigh mass with minimal symptoms; and a 26-year-old female with Hereditary Multiple Exostoses (HME) who developed secondary chondrosarcoma. The comparison highlights that solitary lesions are often managed effectively with simple excision, while HME carries a higher risk of malignant transformation requiring more complex interventions, such as total hip replacement and adjuvant radiotherapy. Overall, osteochondroma generally has an excellent prognosis; however, careful evaluation and long-term monitoring are crucial, particularly in patients with HME.
Chronic Anal Fissure: A Literature Review Wulandari, Baiq Nurhandini; Mikailla, Romy Healthy; Wardana, Shira Putri; Aisyah S.F., Nadine; Sena R., Panji; Aghni, Hasna Tazkia; Nurhidayati, Nurhidayati
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4 (2025): Oktober-Desember
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4.10139

Abstract

Chronic anal fissure is a common anorectal condition characterized by persistent mucosal tears that cause severe pain and reduced quality of life. Effective management is essential, as many cases show poor response to conservative treatment. This study aims to review recent advances in the diagnosis and management of chronic anal fissure. A literature review was conducted through PubMed, Google Scholar, and ProQuest using the keywords “Chronic Anal Fissure OR Persistent Anal Fissure,” applying inclusion and exclusion criteria to ensure relevance and scientific quality. The findings indicate that conservative therapy achieves healing in only about 50% of patients, while others require pharmacological or surgical interventions. Newer modalities, including topical calcium channel blockers, botulinum toxin injections, and modified surgical techniques such as anal advancement flap, demonstrate higher success rates with fewer complications. Furthermore, multitarget topical formulations have recently emerged as promising therapeutic options. In conclusion, the management of chronic anal fissure is evolving toward more effective and safer strategies. Further research is recommended to validate multitarget therapies and to develop individualized treatment approaches that improve patient outcomes and long-term quality of life.
Diphtheria and Pertussis: A Literature Review of Two Preventable Infectious Diseases Sabrina, Khansa Aulia; Rahmawati, Fadila; Aghni, Hasna Tazkia; Siregar, Chivan Agustinus
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4 (2025): Oktober-Desember
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4.10380

Abstract

Diphtheria and pertussis are dangerous infectious diseases that infect the respiratory tract. Both diseases are caused by bacteria that can affect people of all ages, especially infants and children. The research design used was a literature review. Data sources were obtained by conducting electronic searches through library search engines including PubMed, ScienceDirect, MDPI, and Google Scholar to find journal articles and guidelines discussing diphtheria and pertussis. The findings indicate that diphtheria and pertussis are respiratory infections caused by bacteria. These diseases are transmitted through respiratory droplets and can spread very quickly. Both diseases remain a public health challenge due to their significant morbidity and mortality rates, especially in vulnerable groups such as infants and children. Prevention efforts need to be integrated with early detection of clinical manifestations and diagnosis, appropriate case management, and public education regarding diphtheria and pertussis prevention through timely vaccination and maintaining high vaccination coverage.
The Effect of Enterococcus faecalis Bacteria on Expired Cosmetics: A Literature Review Aghni, Hasna Tazkia; Putri, Nadya Armelisa
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4a (2025): Special Issue
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4a.10325

Abstract

The use of cosmetics has become a daily necessity for modern society, both for men and women. However, cosmetic products that have passed their expiration date have the potential to become a medium for the growth of pathogenic microorganisms, one of which is Enterococcus faecalis. This gram-positive bacterium is capable of forming biofilms on the surface of cosmetics, thereby increasing its resistance to the host's immune system and various antibiotics. Contamination of expired cosmetics with Enterococcus faecalis can cause mild symptoms such as skin irritation, acne, and itching, as well as severe complications like meningitis and septicemia. Additionally, the antibiotic resistance possessed by this bacterium exacerbates clinical risks and complicates treatment. Therefore, understanding the dangers of using expired cosmetics is crucial for raising public awareness. Prevention can be achieved by paying attention to product shelf life, maintaining applicator hygiene, and avoiding the use of cosmetics that have passed their expiration date.
Co-Authors Aisyah S.F., Nadine Aliyyu, Aisah Firdaus, Nadine Aisyah Sultan Kusuma, I Gusti Ketut Artha Jaya Mikailla, Romy Healthy Nurhidayati Nurhidayati Prawiro, Aurellia Wongso Putri, Nadya Armelisa Rahmawati, Fadila Ramadhan, Panji Sena Rameci, Hadil Hudati Awwari Remtaya, Baiq Sabrina, Khansa Aulia Sena R., Panji Siregar, Chivan Agustinus Wardana, Shira Putri Wulandari, Baiq Nurhandini Zubaedi, Alisha Chaerani