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All Journal ADI Bisnis Digital Interdisiplin (ABDI Jurnal) Blockchain Frontier Technology (BFRONT)
Richard Evans
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Computer Science & IT Control & Systems Engineering Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Library & Information Science

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AI-Driven Inorganic Waste Sorting System for Sustainable Public Facilities Po Abas Sunarya; Rifqa Nabila Muti; Ruli Supriati; Ryo Satya Pradhana; Richard Evans
ADI Bisnis Digital Interdisiplin Jurnal Vol 7 No 1 (2026): ADI Bisnis Digital Interdisiplin (ABDI Jurnal)
Publisher : ADI Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34306/adna8m65

Abstract

The rapid accumulation of inorganic waste in urban environments requires an effective and sustainable technological approach. Conventional sorting methods that rely entirely on human awareness are often inefficient, labor-intensive, and prone to error, leading to minimal reduction in waste volume at the source. This study aims to design an automatic waste sorting system named ”Orange Box” utilizing Artificial Intelligence and Computer Vision methods implemented on a Raspberry Pi 5 to achieve high-speed and accurate waste classification. The system employs a V2 Camera Module for visual data acquisition and the BCM2712 processor to run a MobileNetV2 model trained on a custom dataset of 50 images. The waste is classified into plastic bottle and cup. Physical separation is executed by MG995R Servo Motors supported by a 20A Power Supply Unit.Performance testing demonstrates that the system achieves a classification accuracy of 92% with an average inference time of 45 Ms per image. Electrical analysis shows stable operation with an average power consumption of 10.50 – 11.10 Watt during processing and a peak load of 17.17 Watt during actuator movement. The integration of Raspberry Pi 5 successfully overcomes latency issues found in previous studies, providing a real-time, energy-efficient, and consistent sorting solution suitable for deployment in public facilities and smart city infrastructures.
Governance Models for Blockchain Integrated IoT Ecosystems Rizki Indrawan; Arista Ratih; Harry Agustian; Richard Evans
Blockchain Frontier Technology Vol. 5 No. 2 (2026): Blockchain Frontier Technology
Publisher : IAIC Bangun Bangsa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34306/bfront.v5i2.974

Abstract

The rapid advancement of the Internet of Things (IoT) has led to the creation of large-scale interconnected networks of smart devices capable of autonomously collecting, processing, and exchanging data in real time across diverse application domains. While this development offers significant benefits, it also introduces critical challenges related to data security, privacy protection, interoperability, and the increasingly complex governance of distributed IoT systems. Traditional centralized governance approaches often fail to address these issues effectively due to single points of failure, limited transparency, and insufficient trust mechanisms. The integration of blockchain technology into IoT ecosystems provides a promising alternative by leveraging decentralized architecture, immutable ledgers, transparency, and tamper-resistant features that enhance accountability and trust. This study aims to identify and design an appropriate governance model for blockchain-integrated IoT systems that balances security, operational efficiency, and decentralization. The research adopts a conceptual and qualitative approach through a systematic literature analysis and the synthesis of existing governance, blockchain, and IoT frameworks to develop a structured governance model. The proposed framework defines institutional roles, policy structures, decision-making processes, and control mechanisms among participating entities. The results demonstrate that a blockchain-based governance model enhances system security, operational efficiency, and inter-organizational trust by reducing reliance on centralized authorities and improving data integrity. In addition, the use of smart contracts enables automated policy enforcement, transparent coordination, and sustainable system operations, supporting scalable and resilient governance for future blockchain IoT ecosystems.
Co-Authors Arista Ratih Harry Agustian Po Abas Sunarya Rifqa Nabila Muti Rizki Indrawan Ruli Supriati, Ruli Ryo Satya Pradhana