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All Journal Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management
Suhartoyo, Aji
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology

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Rehabilitation of disturbed land in bauxite mining: Challenges and prospects in Sanggau, West Kalimantan, Indonesia Wanda, Wanda; Akbar, Aji Ali; Putri, Erisa Ayu Waspadi; Suhartoyo, Aji
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 13 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2026.131.9259

Abstract

Bauxite is the primary raw material for aluminum production, and its mining activities are widespread, including in Indonesia. However, land cover changes caused by bauxite mining can significantly disrupt ecosystem balance. This study aimed to analyze land cover change rehabilitation strategies in response to bauxite mining in Sanggau Regency, Indonesia. Using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) with an overlay technique, land cover data from 2009, 2015, 2022, and 2024, along with soil quality data, were examined. The findings indicate that between 2009 and 2024, approximately 4,363.52 hectares of land were converted into mining areas, including swamp shrubland (308.67 ha), secondary swamp forest (289.28 ha), plantations (74.01 ha), primary dryland forest (3,318.92 ha), and open land (190.99 ha). Recommended rehabilitation strategies include the application of red mud waste mixed with cattle manure as fertilizer, as well as the use of cocopeat as a topsoil substitute to enhance soil quality.
Assessing environmental degradation in a tropical watershed: Evidence from artisanal and small-scale gold mining (ASGM), and plantation expansion in West Kalimantan, Indonesia Desmaiani, Herda; Akbar, Aji Ali; Romiyanto, Romiyanto; Hermawati, Ery; Suhartoyo, Aji; Rahma, Syafira Nur; Jati, Dian Rahayu; Saziati, Ochih; Sulastri, Aini; Jumiati, Jumiati
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 13 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2026.132.9859

Abstract

This study presents a systematic environmental assessment of the Raya River Sub-Watershed in West Kalimantan, Indonesia, from 2018 to 2025. It addresses a critical data gap in a region heavily impacted by artisanal and small-scale gold mining (ASGM) and oil palm expansion. Establishing the first multi-year physicochemical and sedimentological dataset for this tropical catchment enables the identification of key drivers of ecosystem degradation. An analysis was conducted across nine strategic sampling points, with results indicating significant acidification (pH 4.10), elevated total suspended solids (up to 125 mg/L), and heavy metal concentrations in sediments exceeding international quality standards. Utilising X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectroscopy, the study quantified community exposure to Pb (13.0-45.5 ppm), Fe (290.0-642.3 ppm), Sn (16.0-22.8 ppm), and Mn (67.9-233.0 ppm), signalling persistent toxicological risks. This research establishes a link between in-situ pollution monitoring and human health implications by associating ASGM with agricultural runoff and potential bioaccumulation. These findings provide a scientifically robust baseline, essential for informing targeted remediation strategies, including phytoremediation and erosion control, and for offering a framework for evidence-based environmental governance in contaminated tropical watersheds.
Co-Authors Akbar, Aji Ali Desmaiani, Herda Erisa Ayu Waspadi Putri Ery Hermawati Jati, Dian Rahayu Jumiati Jumiati Rahma, Syafira Nur Romiyanto, Romiyanto Saziati, Ochih Sulastri, Aini Wanda Wanda