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Summarizing and paraphrasing as core strategies for enhancing reading comprehension and critical thinking: A literature review Ni Wayan Sadiyani; Ida Bagus Artha Adnyana; Zanyar Nathir Ghafar; Nadia Idri; Zulfiqar Ali; Sadia Ayub; Edona Jahiu
Journal of Language, Literature, Social and Cultural Studies Vol. 4 No. 2 (2026): July 2026
Publisher : Yayasan Mitra Persada Nusantara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58881/jllscs.v4i2.362

This paper explores the role of summarizing and paraphrasing in enhancing students' reading skills, particularly through the lens of critical reading. Summarizing involves condensing a text into its main points, while paraphrasing entails restating information in different words without changing the meaning. Both activities require active engagement with texts, encouraging comprehension and analytical thinking. Through a qualitative literature review, this study synthesizes existing research to examine how these activities support reading development. Findings suggest that summarizing and paraphrasing enhance metacognitive awareness, allowing learners to monitor their understanding and improve language proficiency. Additionally, they contribute to better vocabulary use, sentence structure, and information retention. The paper also highlights the strong connection between critical reading and these activities. Summarizing and paraphrasing foster critical thinking skills such as evaluation and synthesis, enabling readers to interpret meaning, assess arguments, and draw conclusions. As a result, students become more reflective and independent readers. The study concludes that incorporating these strategies into reading instruction is essential for promoting comprehension and critical engagement. Educators are encouraged to integrate them into their teaching practices to improve students' academic performance.

Navigating cultural dynamics and translation challenges to achieve equivalence while preserving meaning and context sensitively Pande Putu Resmia Ovieta; Majid Wajdi; Muhammad Issa; Md. Kamrul Hasan; Nadia Idri; Tran Nho Huong; Dr. Mahmood Eshreteh
Journal of Education, Social & Communication Studies Vol. 3 No. 2 (2026): May 2026
Publisher : PT. MAWAMEDIA JAYAMUSTA BUANASIHA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.71028/jescs.v3i2.140

This study aims to explore the cultural dynamics and challenges involved in achieving equivalence in translation, focusing on balancing meaning and context to ensure accurate and culturally sensitive communication. The methodology includes qualitative analyses of translation cases across literary, technical, and survey contexts, employing comparative textual analysis, interviews with translators, and content analysis to examine strategies such as dynamic equivalence, localization, adaptation, and consultation with cultural informants. Analysis reveals that translators must navigate complex cultural references, idiomatic expressions, and emotional connotations while maintaining semantic, conceptual, and content equivalence. Findings highlight the importance of translators acting as cultural mediators who balance fidelity to the source text with necessary adaptations to the target culture’s norms and sensitivities. The study concludes that successful translation requires a nuanced approach that integrates linguistic accuracy with cultural competence to bridge gaps between source and target audiences effectively. Future translation efforts should emphasize collaboration with cultural experts and adopt flexible strategies to preserve both meaning and cultural context.

Exploring the role of speaking in second language acquisition: Key challenges learners face and effective strategies applied Sheenaz Dhia Raisha Windriya; Majid Wajdi; Rodolfo P. Dizon Jr; Md. Kamrul Hasan; Nadia Idri
Journal of Language and Pragmatics Studies Vol. 4 No. 1 (2025): April 2025
Publisher : Yayasan Mitra Persada Nusantara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58881/jlps.v4i1.49

This study explores the central role of speaking in second language acquisition (SLA), highlighting its importance in communication, intercultural interaction, and the development of communicative competence. The research aims to identify challenges learners face in developing oral proficiency and to evaluate pedagogical strategies that enhance speaking performance. Using a qualitative descriptive approach through document analysis, the study reviews applied linguistics and English as a Foreign Language (EFL) literature published between 2015 and 2024. Findings indicate that learners frequently encounter obstacles such as language anxiety, limited opportunities for authentic practice, inadequate exposure to real-life communication, and an overemphasis on reading and writing in educational contexts. These challenges restrict fluency, accuracy, and learners’ willingness to communicate. Nonetheless, several strategies have proven effective in improving speaking skills. These include task-based learning, communicative classroom activities, targeted pronunciation training, integration of digital tools, and anxiety-reducing techniques. Additionally, supportive learning environments and peer collaboration are shown to boost learners’ confidence and engagement. The study concludes that speaking instruction in SLA should adopt an integrated approach that combines linguistic, psychological, and sociocultural support. Through communicative and technology-enhanced strategies, educators can strengthen learners’ fluency, reduce speaking anxiety, and foster effective language acquisition.

Summarizing and paraphrasing as core strategies for enhancing reading comprehension and critical thinking: A literature review Ni Wayan Sadiyani; Ida Bagus Artha Adnyana; Zanyar Nathir Ghafar; Nadia Idri; Zulfiqar Ali; Sadia Ayub; Edona Jahiu
Journal of Language, Literature, Social and Cultural Studies Vol. 4 No. 2 (2026): July 2026
Publisher : Yayasan Mitra Persada Nusantara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58881/jllscs.v4i2.362

This paper explores the role of summarizing and paraphrasing in enhancing students' reading skills, particularly through the lens of critical reading. Summarizing involves condensing a text into its main points, while paraphrasing entails restating information in different words without changing the meaning. Both activities require active engagement with texts, encouraging comprehension and analytical thinking. Through a qualitative literature review, this study synthesizes existing research to examine how these activities support reading development. Findings suggest that summarizing and paraphrasing enhance metacognitive awareness, allowing learners to monitor their understanding and improve language proficiency. Additionally, they contribute to better vocabulary use, sentence structure, and information retention. The paper also highlights the strong connection between critical reading and these activities. Summarizing and paraphrasing foster critical thinking skills such as evaluation and synthesis, enabling readers to interpret meaning, assess arguments, and draw conclusions. As a result, students become more reflective and independent readers. The study concludes that incorporating these strategies into reading instruction is essential for promoting comprehension and critical engagement. Educators are encouraged to integrate them into their teaching practices to improve students' academic performance.

Teaching bahasa Indonesia to non-native speakers: Strategies, challenges, and innovations Budi Susanto; Ida Bagus Artha Adnyana; Rodolfo P. Dizon Jr; Zanyar Nathir Ghafar; Nadia Idri; Temitope Michael Ajayi
Journal of Language, Literature, Social and Cultural Studies Vol. 3 No. 3 (2025): November 2025
Publisher : Yayasan Mitra Persada Nusantara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58881/jllscs.v3i3.396

Teaching Bahasa Indonesia to non-native speakers has gained increasing significance in the context of global mobility, academic exchange, and cross-cultural communication. As Indonesia’s geopolitical and economic influence grows, so too does the demand for high-quality language instruction that not only develops linguistic competence but also fosters intercultural understanding. This article examines the strategies, challenges, and innovations involved in teaching Bahasa Indonesia as a foreign language, with an emphasis on pedagogical approaches that are adaptable to diverse learner profiles. Drawing on a review of current literature and practical case studies, the study identifies communicative, task-based, and culture-integrated methodologies as effective strategies to enhance learner engagement and retention. Key challenges include limited teaching resources tailored for non-native learners, variations in learners’ first-language backgrounds, and the need to balance linguistic accuracy with communicative fluency. Furthermore, the research explores recent innovations such as digital language learning platforms, gamification, and immersive cultural experiences that have transformed instructional practices. By integrating technology with traditional pedagogy, educators can create dynamic and learner-centered environments that promote both linguistic proficiency and cultural competence. The article concludes that effective Bahasa Indonesia instruction for non-native speakers requires a holistic approach that aligns curriculum design, teaching methods, and assessment practices with learner needs, while leveraging technological advancements and cultural immersion opportunities. This study provides valuable insights for language educators, curriculum developers, and policymakers, contributing to the advancement of Indonesian language education in both domestic and international contexts.

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