cover
Article Per Year (5 Year)
All
Home Page
OAI Link
Editorial Team
Contact
Reviewer
Google Scholar
Contact Name
-
Contact Email
-
Phone
-
Journal Mail Official
pharmacon@unsrat.ac.id
Editorial Address
Pharmacy Study Program, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Sam Ratulangi University, Manado, North Sulawesi, Indonesia, 95115
Location
Kota manado,
Sulawesi utara
INDONESIA
PHARMACON
Published by Universitas Sam Ratulangi
ISSN : 23022493     EISSN : 27214923     DOI : 10.35799
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology
Pharmacon is the journal published by Pharmacy Study Program, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Sam Ratulangi University, Indonesia (P-ISSN: 2302-2493 E-ISSN: 2721-4923). Pharmacon was established in 2012 and published four times a year. Pharmacon is an open access journal and has been indexed by main indexing Google Scholar, GARUDA, Crossref.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 1,131 Documents
 9   10   11   12   13 
ANALISIS EFEKTIVITAS BIAYA (COST EFF ECTIVENESS ANALYSIS) PADA PASIEN GASTRITIS KRONIK RAWAT INAP DI RSU PANCARAN KASIH GMIM MANADO Laumba, Febriyanti
PHARMACON Vol 6, No 3 (2017): Pharmacon
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS SAM RATULANGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35799/pha.6.2017.16946

Abstract

ANALISIS EFEKTIVITAS BIAYA (COST EFF ECTIVENESS ANALYSIS) PADA PASIEN GASTRITIS KRONIK RAWAT INAP DI RSU PANCARAN KASIH GMIM MANADO Febryanti Laumba1), Gayatri Citraningtyas1), Adithya Yudistira1)1)Program Studi Farmasi FMIPA UNSRAT Manado, 95115 ABSTRACT The use of gastritis drugs with a relatively high cost does not guarantee the effectiveness of proper care. The cost of health services, particularly the cost of drugs, has increased in recent years. Pharmacoeconomic analysis describes and analyzes that drug costs for health care systems. A drug is determined to be cost-effective if the value of ACER of a drug from the two drugs compared is the lowest from the drugs compared. This study aims to determine a more cost-effective therapy between the use of omeprazole and pantoprazole against gastritis patients. This research uses descriptive research method with retrospective  retrieval. The sample in this study consisted of 21 patient, with 5 patients using omeprazole and 16 patients using pantoprazole. The results show that the comparison of ACER value of ACER pantoprazole value (Rp 822,398 / day) is less than the value of ACER omeprazole (Rp. 857,859 / day), so the use of pantoprazole is more cost-effective than omeprazole. Keywords: Cost Effectiveness Analysis, Chronic Gastritic, Omeprazole, Pantoprazole ABSTRAK Penggunaan obat gastritis dengan biaya yang relatif mahal belum menjamin efektifitas perawatan yang tepat. Biaya pelayanan kesehatan, khususnya biaya obat, telah meningkat beberapa tahun terakhir. Analisis farmakoekonomi menggambarkan dan menganalisa biaya obat untuk sistem perawatan kesehatan. Suatu obat dikatakan cost-effective apabila nilai ACER suatu obat dari kedua obat yang dibandingkan adalah yang paling rendah dari obat yang dibandingkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan terapi yang lebih cost-effective antara penggunaan omeprazole dan pantoprazole pada pasien gastritis. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif dengan pengambilan data secara retrospektif. Sampel pada penelitian ini terdiri dari 21 yaitu 5 pasien menggunakan omeprazole dan 16 pasien menggunakan pantoprazole. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perbandingan nilai ACER yaitu nilai ACER pantoprazole (Rp. 822.398. /hari) lebih kecil dari nilai ACER omeprazole (Rp.857.859 /hari) sehingga penggunaan pantoprazole lebih cost-effective dibanding omeprazole. Kata kunci : Analisis Efektifitas Biaya, Gastritis Kronik, Omeprazole, Pantoprazole 
FORMULASI DAN UJI AKTIVITAS GEL ANTIJERAWAT EKSTRAK UMBI BAKUNG (CRINUM ASIATICUM L.) TERHADAP BAKTERI STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS SECARA IN VITRO Kumesan, Yuni Arista N; Yamlean,, Paulina V. Y.; Supriati, Hamidah S
PHARMACON Vol 2, No 2 (2013): pharmacon
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS SAM RATULANGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35799/pha.2.2013.1552

Abstract

Crinum asiaticum L. is a plant that has antibacterial activity toward Staphylococcusaureusbacteria, which is one of the pathogen bacteria that causing the acnes. This researchpurposed for made extract bulbs of Crinum asiaticum L. formula gel and tasted the physicalcharacteristic toward Staphylococcus aureus. The formulation of extract bulbs of Crinumasiaticum L. is made with variety of extract concentration, which 1%, 5%, and 10% withCMC-Na as the basic. Negative control used basis gel and positive control used Erymed® gel(Erytromicin 2%). Gel that is produced by physically tested covers: organoleptis,homogeneity, pH, dispersive power, and consistency. Antibacterial activity tested is done bydiffusion method. Antibacterial activities data that are obtained by one way ANOVA withstandard trust is 95%. The result of this research showed that extract bulbs of Crinumasiaticum L. had antibacterial activities with average resistibility zone diameter for 1% (8,3mm) extract concentration, 5% (11,3 mm) extract concentration, 10% (16 mm) extractconcentration, positive control (32 mm), and negative control (0 mm). Positive controlcounted as vey strong resistibility, extract concentration 5% and 10% counted as strongresistibility, extract concentration 1% counted as fair resistibility and negative control notgiven antibacterial activities.Key words: extract bulbs of Crinum asiaticum L., CMC-Na, antibacterial, Staphylococcusaureus.
UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK ETANOL RIMPANG LENGKUAS MERAH (Alpinia purpurata (Vieill) K. Schum) TERHADAP BAKTERI Klebsiella pneumoniae ISOLAT SPUTUM PENDERITA BRONKITIS SECARA IN VIVO Kandou, Lilis Alfianthi
PHARMACON Vol 5, No 3 (2016): Pharmacon
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS SAM RATULANGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35799/pha.5.2016.12947

Abstract

UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK ETANOL RIMPANG LENGKUAS MERAH (Alpinia purpurata (Vieill) K. Schum) TERHADAP BAKTERI Klebsiella pneumoniae ISOLAT SPUTUM PENDERITA BRONKITIS SECARA  IN VIVO   Lilis Alfianthi Kandou 1), Fatimawali1), Widdhi Bodhi2) 1)Program Studi Farmasi FMIPA UNSRAT Manado, 95115 2)Bagian Farmakologi Fakultas Kedokteran UNSRAT Manado, 95115 ABSTRACT This study aims to determine the antibacterial activity of ethanol extract of red galangal rhizome (Alpinia purpurata (Vieill) K. Schum) against the bacterium Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates bronchitis sputum of patients in vivo. This study using mice infected intraperitoneally bacterium Klebsiella pneumoniae. The sample consisted of 18 male rats wistar strain were divided into 6 groups. Group 1 (normal control) was not infected by the bacteria, group 2 (negative control), group 3 (positive control), for three days group of 4,5,6 (treatment group) was given a dose of ethanol extract of red ginger rhizome with graded doses (group 4: 0.756 g / 200g rat body weight), (group 5: 1,512g / 200g body weight rats), (group 6: 3,024g / 200g body weight rats).  Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA. The results showed that the ethanol extract of red ginger rhizome in a graded rise has antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates patients with bronchitis sputum in vivo with a percentage of group 4: 3.07%, group 5: 15.05% and group 6: 19.20%. Keywords: red ginger rhizome, antibacterials, K.pneumoniae, in vivo. ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas antibakteri dari ekstrak etanol rimpang lengkuas merah (Alpinia purpurata (Vieill) K. Schum) terhadap bakteri Klebsiella pneumoniae isolat sputum penderita bronkitis secara in vivo.  Penelitian ini menggunakan tikus yang diinfeksi bakteri Klebsiella pneumoniae secara intraperitoneal. Sampel terdiri dari 18 ekor tikus putih jantan galur wistar yang dibagi menjadi 6 kelompok. Kelompok 1 (kontrol normal) tidak diinfeksi bakteri, kelompok 2 (kontrol negatif), kelompok 3 (kontrol positif), Selama 3 hari kelompok 4, 5, 6 (kelompok perlakuan) diberikan dosis ekstrak etanol rimpang lengkuas merah dengan dosis yang bertingkat (kelompok 4: 0,756g/200g BB tikus), (kelompok 5: 1,512g/200g BB tikus), (kelompok 6: 3,024g/200g BB tikus). Data dianalisis menggunakan metode Anova satu arah. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa ekstrak etanol rimpang lengkuas merah dalam dosis yang bertingkat memiliki aktivitas antibakteri terhadap Klebsiella pneumoniae isolat sputum penderita bronkitis secara in vivo dengan persentase sebesar kelompok 4: 3,07%, kelompok 5: 5,05%, dan kelompok 6:  19,20%. Kata kunci: Rimpang lengkuas merah, Antibakteri, K.pneumoniae, Invivo.      
UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN EKSTRAK ETANOL ALGA ULVA LACTUCA MENGGUNAKAN METODE DPPH (1,1 DIPHENYL-2-PICRYLHYDRAZYL) Ulaan, Gia; Yudistira, Adithya; Rotinsulu, Henki
PHARMACON Vol 8, No 3 (2019)
Publisher : PHARMACON

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

ABSTRACTUlva lactuca Algae habitat was found in shallow marine waters and its morphology is thin and flat thallus. Ulva lactuca Algae, known as sea lettuce, contains a lot of chlorophyll in its cells. Chlorophyll has the ability as a free radical scavenger and also has antioxidant activity. Antioxidants are compounds that could inhibit oxidation reactions by binding to free radicals and highly reactive molecules. This study was conducted to determine the antioxidant activity of ethanol extract of Algae Ulva lactuca obtained from the Lembeh Strait, Bitung City. Ulva lactuca Algae was extracted by maceration method using ethanol solvent. Testing of antioxidant activity was carried out using the DPPH method, which was measured using a UV-VIS spectrophotometer. The results showed that the ethanol extracts of Ulva lactuca Algae had antioxidant activity with a percentage value of 51.63% at a concentration of 100 mg/L. Keywords : Ulva lactuca Algae, Antioxidants, Ethanol, DPPHABSTRAKHabitat tumbuhan Alga Ulva lactuca terdapat di air laut dan morfologinya berupa thallus tipis dan gepeng. Alga Ulva lactuca yang dikenal dengan selada laut, banyak mengandung klorofil dalam sel-selnya. Klorofil memiliki kemampuan sebagai penangkap radikal bebas dan juga memiliki aktivitas antioksidan. Antioksidan merupakan senyawa yang dapat menghambat reaksi oksidasi dengan cara mengikat radikal bebas dan molekul yang sangat reaktif. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui aktivitas antioksidan dari ekstrak etanol Alga Ulva lactuca yang diperoleh dari Peraian Selat Lembeh, Kota Bitung. Alga Ulva lactuca diekstrak dengan metode maserasi menggunakan pelarut etanol. Pengujian aktivitas antioksidan dilakukan dengan metode DPPH yang di ukur menggunakan Spektrofotometer UV-VIS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etanol Alga Ulva lactuca memiliki aktivitas antioksidan dengan nilai presentase sebesar 51,63% pada konsentrasi 100 mg/L. Kata kunci : Alga Ulva lactuca, Antioksidan, Etanol, DPPH
6. FORMULASI DAN UJI EFEKTIVITAS SEDIAAN SIRUP EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN WARU (Hibiscus tiliaceus L.) SEBAGAI ANTIPIRETIK TERHADAP TIKUS PUTIH JANTAN GALUR WISTAR YANG DIINDUKSI DENGAN VAKSIN DPT Molantong, Mersi
PHARMACON Vol 3, No 4 (2014): pharmacon
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS SAM RATULANGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35799/pha.3.2014.6045

Abstract

Formulasi dan Uji Efektivitas Sediaan Sirup Ekstrak Etanol Daun Waru (Hibiscus tiliaceus L.) Sebagai Antipiretik Terhadap Tikus Putih Jantan Galur Wistar yang Diinduksi dengan Vaksin DPT Mersi Molantong, Fatimawali, Hamidah Sri Supriati Program Studi Farmasi, FMIPA UNSRAT Manado   ABSTRACT Waru leaves (Hibiscus tiliaceus L.) are used empirically by people to treat fever. This research aims to test the stability of the ethanol extract syrup of Waru leaves and its antipyretic effect on white male galur wistar rats after the fever was induced with DPT vaccine. Waru leaves ethanol extract syrup is made in three variations of the concentration of the active substance, they are 5%, 10%, 15% and stability test. The next test of the antipyretic effect is done by measuring animals rectal temperature using a digital thermometer. Result of stability testing on ethanol extract syrup of Waru leaves was homogenous with no precipitate is obtained that has bitter taste, the color is yellow with brown, as well as the characteristic of the smell, has a pH of 5-5,5. In testing antipyretic, ethanol extract syrup of Waru leaves concentration of 10% showed antipyretic effects while ethanol extract syrup of Waru leaves concentration of 5% and 15% did not. The conclusion of this research is that ethanol extract syrup of Waru leaves has good stability which is seen from homogeneity, organoleptic, and pH itself. Furthermore the antipyretic effects are shown by ethanol extract syrup of Waru leaves concentration of 10%, while concentration 5% and 15% did not. Key words: Antipyretic, Hibiscus tiliaceus L., Syrup ABSTRAK Daun Waru (Hibiscus tiliaceus L.) digunakan secara empiris oleh masyarakat untuk mengobati demam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji stabilitas sirup ekstrak etanol daun Waru dan efek antipiretiknya terhadap tikus putih jantan galur wistar setelah diinduksi dengan vaksin DPT. Sirup ekstrak etanol daun Waru dibuat dalam 3 variasi konsentrasi zat aktif yaitu 5%, 10%, 15% dan diuji Stabilitasnya. Selanjutnya dilakukan pengujian efek antipiretik dengan mengukur suhu rektal hewan uji menggunakan termometer digital. Hasil pengujian stabilitas sirup ekstrak etanol daun Waru ialah homogen dengan tidak diperolehnya endapan, memiliki rasa yang pahit, berwarna kuning kecoklatan, serta berbau khas, memiliki pH 5-5,5. Pada pengujian antipiretik, sirup ekstrak etanol daun Waru konsentrasi 10% menunjukan efek antipiretik sedangkan konsentrasi 5% dan 15% tidak memiliki efek antipiretik. Kesimpulan penelitian ini ialah sirup ekstrak etanol daun Waru memiliki stabilitas yang baik dilihat dari uji homogenitas, organoleptik, dan pH sediaan. Selanjutnya efek antipiretik ditunjukan oleh sirup ekstrak etanol daun Waru konsentrasi 10%, sedangkan konsentrasi 5% dan 15% tidak menunjukan efek antipiretik.   Kata kunci : Antipiretik, Hibiscus tiliaceus L., Sirup      
IDENTIFIKASI DAN UJI SENSITIFITAS BAKTERI YANG DIISOLASI DARI SPUTUM PENDERITA PNEUMONIA DI RSUP PROF. DR. R. D. KANDOU-MANADO TERHADAP ANTIBIOTIK AMPISILLIN, CEFIXIME DAN SIPROFLOKSASIN Patty, Renalda F.
PHARMACON Vol 5, No 1 (2016): Pharmacon
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS SAM RATULANGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35799/pha.5.2016.11232

Abstract

IDENTIFIKASI DAN UJI SENSITIFITAS BAKTERI YANG DIISOLASI DARI SPUTUM PENDERITA PNEUMONIA DI RSUP PROF. DR. R. D. KANDOU-MANADO TERHADAP ANTIBIOTIK AMPISILLIN, CEFIXIME DAN SIPROFLOKSASIN Renalda Febriany Patty1), Fatimawali1), Defny Silvia Wewengkang1) 1)Program Studi Farmasi Fakultas MIPA UNSRAT Manado ABSTRACT Pneumonia is a global health issues with high rate mortality. This research was aimed to determine the type of bacteria and the sensitivity  of bacteria isolated and identified from sputum pneumonia patients in the department of RSUP Prof. Dr. R D Kandou Manado against antibiotics ampicillin, cefixime and ciprofloxacin. This research was used sputum sample that was previously performed instrument sterilization using and autoclave. Inoculated media that was incubated at temperature of 35-36 oC for 24 hours were isolated on agar slat. Identified covered by gram staining, biochemical test, sensitivity test of bacteria to antibiotics, the planting discs, inhibition zone measurement and data analysis. The results shows that there are a 7 types of bacteria causing the infection is Staphylococcus Sp., Ewingella americana, Clostridium Sp., Escherichia vulneris, Enterobacter Spp., Klebsiella Spp. and Aminobacter. The antibiotics with highest sensitivity showed by ciprofloxacin (44,5%) against Staphylococcus, Ewingella americana, Escherichia vulneris, Enterobacter Spp., Aminobacter, and intermediate (22,2%) against Escherichia vulneris, Clostridium Sp., and resistant (33,3%) against Clostridium Sp., Klebsiella Spp., Aminobacter. The highest resistence were showed by ampicillin and cefixime, (94,44%) against Staphylococcus Sp., Ewingella americana, Clostridium Sp., Escherichia vulneris, Enterobacter Spp., Aminobacter, and intermediate (5,56%) against bacteria Ewingella americana, without any sensitivity to antibiotics. Key words : identification, sensitivity, pneumonia, antibiotics, inhibition zone measurement ABSTRAK Pneumonia merupakan masalah kesehatan di dunia dengan angka kematian yang tinggi. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menentukan jenis bakteri dan tingkat kepekaan bakteri yang diisolasi dan diidentifikasi dari sputum penderita pneumonia di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado terhadap antibiotik ampisilin, cefixime dan siprofloksasin. Penelitian ini menggunakan sampel sputum yang sebelumnya telah dilakukan sterilisasi menggunakan autoklaf. Inokulasi media yang telah diinkubasi ±24 jam pada suhu 35-36 oC dan diisolasi pada media agar miring. Identifikasi meliputi pewarnaan gram, uji biokimia, uji kepekaan bakteri terhadap antibiotik, penanaman cakram, pengukuran zona hambat dan analisis data. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Terdapat 7 jenis bakteri penyebab infeksi, yaitu Staphylococcus Sp., Ewingella americana, Clostridium Sp., Escherichia vulneris, Enterobacter Spp., Klebsiella Spp. dan Aminobacter. Dan antibiotik dengan sensitifitas/kepekaan yang tertinggi ditunjukkan oleh Siprofloksasin sebesar 44,5% pada bakteri Staphylococcus Sp., Ewingella americana, Escherichia vulneris, Enterobacter Spp., Aminobacter dan intermediet sebesar 22,2% pada bakteri Escherichia vulneris, Clostridium Sp. dan resisten sebesar 33,3% pada bakteri Clostridium Sp., Klebsiella Spp., Aminobacter. Resisten tertinggi ditunjukkan oleh Ampisillin dan Cefixime sebesar 94,44% pada bakteri Staphylococcus Sp., Ewingella Americana, Clostridium Sp., Escherichia vulneris, Enterobacter Spp., Klebsiella Spp., Aminobacter dan Intermediet sebesar 5,56% pada bakteri Ewingella americana, tanpa adanya sensitifitas terhadap antibiotik.   Kata kunci : identifikasi, sensitifitas, pneumonia, antibiotik, pengukuran zona hambat  
FORMULASI DAN UJI EFEKTIVITAS SEDIAAN GEL EKSTRAK BUNGA PACAR AIR (Impatiens balsamina L.) SEBAGAI ANTISEPTIK TANGAN Lengkoan, Brenda F.
PHARMACON Vol 6, No 4 (2017): Pharmacon
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS SAM RATULANGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35799/pha.6.2017.17770

Abstract

FORMULASI  DAN UJI EFEKTIVITAS SEDIAAN GEL EKSTRAK BUNGA PACAR AIR (Impatiens balsamina L.) SEBAGAI ANTISEPTIK TANGAN Brenda F. Lengkoan1), Paulina V.Y. Yamlean1), Adithya Yudistira1)1)Program Studi Farmasi FMIPA UNSRAT Manado, 95115 ABSTRACTFlower of garden balsam (Impatiens balsamina L.) contains anthocyanin and camperol compounds which have antioxidant and antibacterial. The aim of this study is to test the extract of flower garden balsam which has the best antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus bacteria, to formulate the gel of garden balsam flower with 5%, 10% and 15% concentration, respectively and to find the most optimum concentration as hand gel antiseptic preparation. Preparation of the garden balsam flower sample was macerated with 96% ethanol solvent and followed by fractionation using aquades, n-hexane and ethyl acetate solvents and examined the antibacterial effectiveness of extract on the growth of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. From aquades, n-hexane and ethyl acetate fraction, the ethyl acetat fraction has the best antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. Gel formulation of garden balsam flower extract with concentration 5%, 10%  and 15% was treated with organoleptic test, pH, homogenity, scatter, consistency and antiseptic power test by using colony counter tool. The result of the gel dosage quality test meets the requirements. The result of antiseptic test in 10% and 15% concentration showed the decrease of colony numbers which better than 5% concentration. Data analysis of antiseptic test result was done by One Way Anova statistical test.Keywords: Garden Balsam Flower Extract, Gel, AntisepticABSTRAKBunga pacar air (Impatiens balsamina L.) mengandung senyawa antosianin dan kamperol yang bersifat sebagai antioksidan dan antibakteri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji ekstrak bunga pacar air yang memiliki aktivitas antibakteri paling baik terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus aureus,  memformulasi sediaan gel ekstrak bunga pacar air dengan konsentrasi 5%, 10% dan 15% dan untuk mengetahui konsentrasi paling optimum  sebagai sediaan gel antiseptik tangan.  Persiapan sampel bunga pacar air dimaserasi dengan pelarut etanol 96% dan dilanjutkan dengan ekstraksi fraksinasi menggunakan pelarut aquades, n-heksan dan etil asetat dan menguji efektivitas antibakteri fraksi ekstrak terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri Staphylococcus aureus. Dari ketiga fraksi aquades, n-heksan dan etil asetat, fraksi etil asetat memiliki aktivitas antibakteri paling baik terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus aureus.  Formulasi gel ekstrak bunga pacar air dengan konsentrasi 5%, 10%  dan 15% dilakukan pengujian organoleptik, pH, homogenitas, daya sebar, konsistensi, dan pengujian daya antiseptik dengan menggunakan alat Colony counter. Hasil pengujian mutu sediaan gel sudah memenuhi persyaratan. Hasil pengujian antiseptik pada konsentrasi 10% dan 15% menunjukkan jumlah penurunan koloni bakteri yang lebih baik dibandingkan 5%. Analisis data dari hasil pengujian antiseptik dilakukan dengan pengujian statistik One Way Anova.Kata Kunci: Ekstrak Bunga Pacar Air, Gel,  Antiseptik 
DAMPAK PENYULUHAN PADA PENGETAHUAN MASYARAKAT TERHADAP PEMILIHAN DAN PENGGUNAAN OBAT BATUK SWAMEDIKASI DI KECAMATAN MALALAYANG Meriati, Ni Wayan Eka; Goenawi, Lily Ranty; Wiyono, Weny
PHARMACON Vol 2, No 3 (2013): pharmacon
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS SAM RATULANGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35799/pha.2.2013.2391

Abstract

ABSTRACTThe efforts of society to heal theirself is called self-medication or swamedikasi. Selfmediacationis usually used to overcome the complaints and minor illnesses such the cough.The cough medicine can not be samed with all kinds of cough. This research is aimed toidentify the impact of socialization on public knowledge toward the selection and the use ofself-medication (swamedikasi ) cough medicine in Malalayang subdistrict. This is anexperimental research with one group pretest-postest design. The collecting process ofsample was done by random sampling technique with 150 respondences. The instrument ofthis research is questioner about cough medicine knowledge comprises of 18 questions andleaflet as the media. Based on the acquired information, the averagely score of publicknowledge in pretest is 64,55 and in postest is 90,11 with probability value (p) = 0.000 < (α)0.05, so H0 is rejected. It shows that there is an influence of socialization toward the selectionand the use of self-medication ( swamedikasi ) cough medicine in Malalayang subdistrict.There is a real difference averagely about the public knowledge before and after socialization.Key words: Socialization, Cough medicine, Self-medication ( swamedikasi )
UJI DAYA ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK ETANOL UMBI WORTEL (Daucus carota L.) TERHADAP Staphylococcus aureus DAN Escherichia coli SECARA IN VITRO Sirait, Arsenius Y.
PHARMACON Vol 5, No 4 (2016): Pharmacon
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS SAM RATULANGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35799/pha.5.2016.13985

Abstract

UJI DAYA ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK ETANOL UMBI WORTEL (Daucus carota L.) TERHADAP Staphylococcus aureus DAN Escherichia coli SECARA IN VITRO Arsenius Y. Sirait1), Nancy C. Pelealu1), Paulina V.Y. YamLean 1) 1)Program Studi Farmasi FMIPA UNSRAT Manado, 95115 ABSTRACT                Infectious diseases is one of the problems in the field of health from time to time continue to grow. Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli) is a bacterium that causes most infections in the community and nosocomial infections. This study aims to provide information about the antibacterial activity of ethanol extract of carrot root of carrot (Daucus carota L.) on Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli in vitro. Extraction was done by maceration method using ethanol 96%. Testing for antibacterial activity using agar diffusion method (Kirby and Bauer diffusion modified) by way of pitting. Antibacterial activity test results analyzed by One Way Anova (analysis of variance one way) followed by Duncan test. The result showedvthat extract concentrations of  5%, 10%, 20%, 40%, and 80% have to provide activities that inhibits the growth of test bacteria. Any increase in concentrations of 5% (3,50 mm), 10% (3,67 mm), 20% (4,83 mm), 40% (5.16 mm) and 80% (6, 67 mm) for a review of Escherichia coli and a concentration of 5% (3,17 mm), 10% (3.83 mm), 20% (4,00 mm), 40% (4,17 mm) and 80% (4,33 mm) to review the bacterium Staphylococcus aureus. But not effective hearts activities inhibit bacteria due to inhibition zone from the second test bacteria each singer were moderate. As for inhibiting have to use a strong inhibition zone (5-10 mm) or the most powerful (> 20 mm).   Keywords: Antibacterial activity, Daucus Carota L, pathogen bacterial, the agar diffusion method ABSTRAK Penyakit infeksi merupakan salah satu masalah dalam bidang kesehatan yang dari waktu ke waktu terus berkembang. Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) dan Escherichia coli (E. coli) merupakan bakteri penyebab terbanyak infeksi di komunitas dan infeksi nosokomial. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk dapat memberikan informasi tentang aktivitas antibakteri dari ekstrak etanol umbi wortel (Daucus carota L.) terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli secara in vitro. Ekstraksi dilakukan dengan cara maserasi menggunakan pelarut etanol 96%. Pengujian aktivitas antibakteri menggunakan metode difusi agar (difusi Kirby dan Bauer yang dimodifikasi) dengan cara sumuran. Hasil uji aktivitas antibakteri dianalisa dengan metode One Way Anova (Analisa varians satu arah) dilanjutan dengan uji Duncan. Hasil data menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi ekstrak 5%, 10%, 20%, 40%, dan 80% telah memberikan aktivitas yang menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri uji. Ekstrak etanol umbi wortel (Daucus carota L.) memiliki efek antibakteri..Terdapat penambahan diameter zona hambat pada setiap kenaikan konsentrasi 5% (3,50 mm) , 10% (3,67 mm), 20% (4.83 mm), 40% (5,16 mm) dan 80% (6,67 mm) untuk bakteri Escherichia coli dan konsentrasi 5% (3,17 mm) , 10% (3,83 mm), 20% (4,00 mm), 40% (4,17 mm) dan 80% (4,33 mm) untuk bakteri Staphylococcus aureus. Namun tidak efektif dalam menghambat aktivitas bakteri dikarenakan zona hambat dari kedua masing-masing bakteri uji ini termasuk sedang. Sedangkan untuk menghambat harus menggunakan zona hambat yang kuat (5-10 mm) atau paling kuat ( > 20 mm). Kata Kunci: Aktivitas antibakteri,  Daucus Carota [L], bakteri patogen, metode difusi agar
FORMULASI DAN UJI ANTIBAKTERI SEDIAAN MASKER GEL PEEL-OFF EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN ALPUKAT (PERSEA AMERICANA MILL.) TERHADAP BAKTERI STAPHYLOCOCCUS EPIDERMIDIS SEBAGAI ANTIJERAWAT Puluh, Esterlina
PHARMACON Vol 8, No 4 (2019)
Publisher : PHARMACON

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

ABSTRACT Avocado leaves contain the compounds such as saponins, alkaloids, flavonoids, polyphenols, and quercetin which are as antibacterial properties. This study aims to obtain the best concentration of the formula of peel off gel mask preparation of avocado leaf ethanol extract (Persea americana Mill.) Based on antibacterial activity test and prove the quality preparation based on the test parameters of physical properties, physical stability and sterility.This study used a laboratory experimental methods, the formula for the preparation of avocado leaf extract peel off gel mask was made with a concentration variation of 0.1%; 0.15%; 0.2%; 0.25% and 0.3%. Avocado leaf extract is obtained by maceration using 96% of ethanol solvent. The largest diameter of inhibition zone of antibacterial testing with wells method is at a concentration of 0.3% with a diameter of the inhibition zone 3 mm ± 0.32 and the ability of inhibition is categorized as weak. The physical test and the stability of the preparation meet the evaluation parameters of the physical preparation before storage, but after storage the preparation does not meet the test requirements when drying. It can be concluded that the preparation of the extract of avocado leaf peel off gel mask meets the physical test parameters, is stable and has weak antibacterial activity. Keywords: Avocado Leaf (Persea americana Mill.), Peel off mask, Antibacterial, Sterility Test. ABSTRAK Daun Alpukat memiliki kandungan antara lain saponin, alkaloid, flavonoid, polifenol, quersetin yang bersifat sebagai antibakteri.  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan konsentrasi terbaik dari formula sediaan masker gel peel off ekstrak etanol daun alpukat (Persea americana Mill.) berdasarkan uji aktivitas antibakteri serta membuktikan sediaan yang berkualitas berdasarkan parameter uji sifat fisik, stabilitas fisik dan sterilitas. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode ekperimental laboratorium, formula sediaan masker gel peel off ekstrak daun Alpukat dibuat dengan variasi konsentrasi 0,1%; 0,15%; 0,2%; 0,25% dan 0,3%. Ekstrak tanaman daun alpukat diperoleh dengan cara maserasi menggunakan pelarut etanol 96%. Pengujian antibakteri dengan metode sumuran diameter zona hambat yang paling besar yaitu pada konsentrasi 0,3% dengan diameter zona hambat 3 mm ± 0,32 dan kemampuan daya hambat dikategorikan lemah.  Pada uji fisik dan stabilitas sediaan memenuhi parameter evaluasi sediaan fisik sebelum penyimpanan, tapi setelah penyimpanan sediaan tidak memenuhi persyaratan uji waktu mengering. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa sediaan masker gel peel off ekstrak etanol daun alpukat memenuhi parameter uji fisik, stabil dan memiliki aktivitas antibakteri yang lemah. Kata kunci: Daun Alpukat (Persea americana Mill.), Masker peel off, Antibakteri, Uji Sterilitas.

Page 11 of 114 | Total Record : 1131

 9   10   11   12   13 

Filter by Year

2012 2025


Reset
Filter By Issues
All Issue Vol. 14 No. 3 (2025): PHARMACON Vol. 13 No. 3 (2024): PHARMACON Vol. 13 No. 2 (2024): PHARMACON Vol. 13 No. 1 (2024): PHARMACON Vol. 12 No. 3 (2023): PHARMACON Vol. 12 No. 2 (2023): PHARMACON Vol. 12 No. 1 (2023): PHARMACON Vol. 11 No. 4 (2022): PHARMACON Vol. 11 No. 3 (2022): PHARMACON Vol. 11 No. 2 (2022): PHARMACON Vol. 11 No. 1 (2022): PHARMACON Vol. 10 No. 4 (2021): PHARMACON Vol 10, No 3 (2021): PHARMACON Vol 10, No 2 (2021): PHARMACON Vol 10, No 1 (2021): PHARMACON Vol 9, No 4 (2020): PHARMACON Vol 9, No 3 (2020): PHARMACON Vol 9, No 2 (2020): PHARMACON Vol 9, No 1 (2020) Vol 9, No 1 (2020): PHARMACON Vol 8, No 4 (2019): PHARMACON Vol 8, No 4 (2019) Vol 8, No 3 (2019): PHARMACON Vol 8, No 3 (2019) Vol 8, No 2 (2019): PHARMACON Vol 8, No 2 (2019) Vol 8, No 1 (2019): Pharmacon Vol 7, No 4 (2018): Pharmacon Vol 7, No 3 (2018): Pharmacon Vol 7, No 2 (2018): Pharmacon Vol 7, No 1 (2018): Pharmacon Vol 6, No 4 (2017): Pharmacon Vol 6, No 3 (2017): Pharmacon Vol 6, No 2 (2017): Pharmacon Vol 6, No 1 (2017): Pharmacon Vol 5, No 4 (2016): Pharmacon Vol 5, No 3 (2016): Pharmacon Vol 5, No 2 (2016): Pharmacon Vol 5, No 1 (2016): Pharmacon Vol 4, No 4 (2015): Pharmacon Vol 4, No 3 (2015): Pharmacon Vol 4, No 1 (2015): pharmacon Vol 3, No 4 (2014): pharmacon Vol 3, No 3 (2014) Vol 3, No 2 (2014) Vol 3, No 1 (2014) Vol 2, No 4 (2013) Vol 2, No 3 (2013): pharmacon Vol 2, No 2 (2013): pharmacon Vol 2, No 1 (2013): pharmacon Vol 1, No 2 (2012) Vol 1, No 1 (2012) More Issue