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Paediatrica Indonesiana

paediatrica-indonesiana
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Published by Ikatan Dokter Anak Indonesia

ISSN : 00309311 EISSN : 2338476X DOI : -

Core Subject : Health,

Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology

Paediatrica Indonesiana is a medical journal devoted to the health, in a broad sense, affecting fetuses, infants, children, and adolescents, belonged to the Indonesian Pediatric Society. Its publications are directed to pediatricians and other medical practitioners or researchers at all levels of health practice throughout the world.

Arjuna Subject : -

Articles 2,118 Documents

163 164 165 166 167

Studies of Blood Pressure and Prevalence of Hypertension in Schoolchildren in Jakarta I. G. N. Wila Wirya; Husein Alatan; Taralan Tambunan; S. Harmanses; Endang Windiastuti
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 28 No 9-10 (1988): September - October 1988
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Blood pressure measurement was done on 4983 school children of 6 - 18 years schoolchildren was at random so that the sample population represented the children in Jakarta. The incidence of hypertension in this study is about 3.11 %, of which most are found at the age of 15 years.

Description of Renal Biopsy in Frequently Relapsing and Corticosteroid Non Responsive Nephrotic Syndrome in Childhood D. Bahrun; M. Nazir; K. Yangtjik N.
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 28 No 9-10 (1988): September - October 1988
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

A study of 71 children with nephrotic syndrome admitted to the Department of Child Health, Medical School, Sriwijaya University Palembang General Hospital between November 1981 and November 1983 has been reported. Of the 71 children, there were 50 (70.4%) boys and 21 (29.6%) girls, in which 31 were less than 6 years of age. During the first eight weeks complete rem1sswn was found in 66 patients. The other five were steroid resistant. Among the 66 patients who responded to steroid, 61 had remission with the first 4 weeks. Further observation up to two years, 3 patients were still in remission, 36 had one relapse and 22 had frequent relapses. The other 5 patients, who had remission on the second 4 weeks, one had one relapse, two had frequent relapses and the other two were not available for follow up. Renal biopsy was performed in 31 patients. The representative results of the renal biopsy were found in only 20 patients : Eleven patients showed minimal change nephrotic syndrome (MCNS). Ten of these patients had frequent relapses while one patient was steroid resistant. Two had renal insufficiency. Three patients had focal glomerulosclerosis (FGS); two of them were frequently relapsing patients and the other one had steroid resistant. Four patients had mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis (Mes. PGN). All of them had frequent relapses. One patient with diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis (DPGN) was steroid resistant. One patient with crescentic glomerulonephritis (CrGN) was also steroid resistant.

Colloid Oncotic Pressure in Children with Nephrotic Syndrome Taralan Tambunan; H. Alatas; I. G. N. Wila Wirya; S. Harmanses; I. Chair; R. Simanjuntak
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 28 No 9-10 (1988): September - October 1988
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

To evaluate the correlation between plasma protein concentration and colloid oncotic pressure (COP) and their influence on clinical symptom of edema, we studied 30 children with nephrotic syndrome (NS). Total plasma protein concentration (TP), albumm, globulin and COP were measured in all patients in edema forming state (EF) and m steady state phase (SS), except for COP, only 16 samples in SS phase. COP TP plasma albumin and globulin contents in EF group were 8. 7 Â± 2. 7 mmHg, 4.07 'Â± 0.68 g/dl; 2.57 Â± 0.50 g/dl and 1.51 Â± 0.32 g/dl, respectively. In SS group these figures rose significantly to 16.7 Â± 3.9 mmHg for COP; 5. 70 Â± 0.99 g/dl for TP; 3.46 Â± 0.52 g!dl and 2.06 Â± 0.56 g/dl for plasma albumin and globulin, respectively. We also found the high correlation both between COP and albumin content (r= +0.58; p < 0.01) and between COP and TP (r= +0.54; P < 0.01) . A strong negative correlation was also found between COP and the degree of edema (r = _ 0.55; p <0.01). On the other hand a very low grade correlation was noticed between plasma albumin content and the degree of edema (r= - 0.26; P < 0.05) and no correlation at all was found between edema and TP (r= - 0.19; P > 0.05). We conclude that COP has the highest correlation with plasma protein concentration and the degree of edema, and can be used as a diagnostic tool. It is even more sensitive and simple compared with the TP or albumin content determination.

Hypovolemic Shock Complicating Nephrotic Syndrome in a Child Lydia Kosnadi; Rochmanadji W.; A. G. Sumantri; Trimulyo Trimulyo; M. Rofiq Anwar
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 28 No 9-10 (1988): September - October 1988
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

The fundamental abnormality in nephrotic syndrome is the structural and electrochemical changes that have been documented to occur in the glomerular basement membrane lead to proteinuria. It is the proteinuria itself which most likely causes hypoalbuminemia and associated complications such as infections, hypercoagulability and hypovolemia. Hypovolemia may cause postural hypotension, acute renal failure, circulatory collaps or sudden death. An eleven-year-old boy was referred to the Child Health Department of Dr. Kariadi Hospital Semarang with a diagnosis of corticosteroid resistant nephrotic syndrome and acute renal failure. Physical examination showed a severely ill boy with general edema, shock, hemoconcentration, hypoalbuminemia, hypercholesterolemia, massive proteinuria and disturbed renal function. The treatment consisted of infusion of dextrose 10% followed by human plasma and furosemide to restore plasma volume and enhance urine production. Two days later he was in better condition, normovolemia, slight edema, good diuresis, but his blood pressure increased, and ophtalmologic examination supported the diagnosis of grade I hypertensive retinopathy. Intravenous clonidine and furosemide were given and were very effective. Kidney biopsy revealed minimal lesion with slight proliferation.

Conservative Treatment of Chronic Renal Failure (CRF) Richard N. Fine
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 28 No 9-10 (1988): September - October 1988
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

The infant, child and adolescent who has irreversible impairment of renal function, regardless of the specific etiology, invariably experiences a progressive decline in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) over time. This decline in GFR can be attributed to an unremitting attack on the remaining unaffected nephrons by, the primary disease process such as in a patient with acquired immune complex disease, but the reasons for the progressive decline in GFR in patients with congenital diseases are more difficult to identify. Currently the hypothesis attributing the decline in GFR to damage to the remaining intact nephrons resulting from hyperperfusion is receiving increasing attention. Creation of CRF in the rat model by 7/8 nephrectomy leads to a rapid decline in GFR and focal glomerulosclerosis (FGS) in the previously normal glomeruli. This lesion of FGS is presumably a result of hyperperfusion of the remaining normal nephrons in order to compensate for the reduction in functioning renal mass.

Recent Advances in the Management of End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) in Children Richard N. Fine
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 28 No 9-10 (1988): September - October 1988
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

It has been almost 20 years since the initial report were published detailing the use of the dual treatment modalities of dialysis and renal transplantation to treat children with ESRD. During this time, the outlook for the infant, child and adolescent with ESRD has changed dramatically from abject pessimism to cautious optimism. Initially, hemodialysis was the principle dialytic technique utilized; however, intermittent peritoneal dialysis was used occasionally in selected centers. The latter required less technical expertise, but necessitated considerably more dialysis time and was significantly less efficient at alleviating the clinical and biochemical consequences of uremia.

Comparison between 200 ml and 1 liter packages of oral rehydration solution prepared by mothers of patients with diarrhea in the oral rehydration room Muhammad Suryanto; Renny Hariati; Yati Soenarto; Moenginah P. A.
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 28 No 11-12 (1988): November - December 1988
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

To have a comparison between the preparation of oral rehydration solution (ORS) of 200 ml and 1 liter packages, a study had been done in 30 mothers of children under five years of age suffering from diarrhea who treated their children in oral rehydration room (group I) and 30 mothers of non diarrheal children under five years sampled in the out-patient Department of Child Health, Dr. Sardjito General Hospital (group II). No significant difference was found (p <0.05) concerning the sodium concentration in th ORS of 200 ml and in the 1 liter package (group I: 85.95 Â± 16.07, and 81.52 Â± 16.21, group II 98.11 Â± 24.67 and 97.02 Â± 21.87) (mEq/L, Mean Â± SD). Of 30 mothers group 11, 5 mothers (19.23%) made mistakes in preparing the I liter packages of ORS and the sodium concentration in this package was higher compared to the concentration in the 200 ml package. There was no significant difference concerning diluted volume and the sodium concentration between group I and the recommended method, but there was a significant difference (p < 0.005) between group II and recommended method. A significant difference was also found (p ( 0.001) between group I and group 11 about the mothers knowledge of the effect of diarrhea, the use of ORS, the amount of ORS that must be given lo !he patients and !he indications to refer the patients to !he health center or hospital.

Human immunodeficiency virus seroprevalence in children received multiple transfusions or blood products in the Department of Child Health Faculty of Medicine University of Indonesia/Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital, Jakarta C. S. Matondang; Arwin Akib; Syawitri P. Siregar; Maria Abdulsalam; Jeanne Latu; Farida Oesman; Erwin Silman
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 28 No 11-12 (1988): November - December 1988
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

From March 1987 till February 1988, 350 serological examinations to HJV antibodies have been carried out. Sera were taken from children visiting the Department of. Child Health Faculty of Medicine University of Indonesia I Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital, Jakarta, who had received blood or blood products transfusions more than three times. All blood or blood products were made locally by the Jndonesian Red Cross in Jakarta, except for Human immunoglobulin and Koate. The age ranged from 9 months Ia 22 years with a mean age of 8,02 years. They consisted of 207 males and 143 females; 33 patients with hemophilia, 250 patients with thalassemia, 41 patients with blood malignancy, and 26 patients with other diseases. Sera were tested by a commercially available ELISA HIV assay produced by Abbott (macro ELISA) and Behring (micro ELISA). Repeatable positive sera were confirmed by Western blatt. The majority of patients in this study got their first transfusion on more than 5 years ago with a high consumption of blood components, namely 16.252 units of packed red cells, 6111 units of cryoprecipitate, 537 units of thrombocyte suspension, 96 units of fresh frozen plasma, 35 units of human immunoglobulin, and 15 vials of Koate. Two out of 350 sera were repeatable positive for HIV antibody but confirmatory test by Western blatt were negative. One sera was from a 17-year-o/d gM with thalassemia who had received 129 units of packed red cells transfusions since 1979, and the other was from a 2-year-o/d girl with chronic myelocytic leukemia who had received 24 units of packed red cells. The rest of the sera were negative. This zero prevalence finding suggests that in Indonesia transfusion of blood or blood products still plays a limited role in the epidemic of AIDS in children.

Is Family Planning Already Accepted by the Present Generation? Freshmen's View on Family Planning at University of North Sumatera, Medan ( Third Report ) Amir Syarifuddin; Irwan Thahir; Berlian Hasibuan; Zakaria Siregar; Helena Siregar
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 28 No 11-12 (1988): November - December 1988
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

A study on views of family planning among freshmen of University of North Sumatera, Medan was conducted for the third time in 1985. Questionnaires was distributed to 2245 freshmen of whom 1997 gave the response consisting of 1153 males and 844 females. The result showed that most of the freshmen (67,59%) planned to have only 2-3 children and get married at the ages of 25- 29 ye1rsÂ· 31,30% wished to have 2 sons and 1 daughter,Â· 79,75% had the opinion that son or daughter is the same, nearly all of them (97,75%) were planning to have a small family, whereas 34,95% planned to choose IUD for their family-planning method. We can conclude that family planning is well accepted by the present generation.

Seven Diseases as Main Causes of Death In Department of Child Health Dr. Pirngadi General Hospital Rumiam Silitonga; Lily Emysah; Chairuddin P. Lubis
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 28 No 11-12 (1988): November - December 1988
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

The retrospective study of main causes of death was conducted in Department of Child Health, Dr. Pirngadi General Hospital, from January to December 1986. Seven diseases as main causes of death were: bronchopneumonia, encephalitis, purulent meningitis, serous meningitis sepsis, tetanus and severe malnutrition with case fatality rates of 29%; 44%; 41%; 31%; 47%; 12% and 18%, respectively.

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