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Paediatrica Indonesiana

paediatrica-indonesiana
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Published by Ikatan Dokter Anak Indonesia

ISSN : 00309311 EISSN : 2338476X DOI : -

Core Subject : Health,

Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology

Paediatrica Indonesiana is a medical journal devoted to the health, in a broad sense, affecting fetuses, infants, children, and adolescents, belonged to the Indonesian Pediatric Society. Its publications are directed to pediatricians and other medical practitioners or researchers at all levels of health practice throughout the world.

Arjuna Subject : -

Articles 2,118 Documents

164 165 166 167 168

Hydrocephalus Hadi Soekma Siregar; Ridwan M. Daulay; Lily Emsyah; Bistok Saing
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 28 No 11-12 (1988): November - December 1988
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

A retrospective study had been done, to find out the incidence of hydrocephalus during 1984-1985 in the Pediatric Neurology Sub Division of the Child Health Department Medical Faculty University of North Sumatera/Pirngadi Hospital Medan. The number, age groups, causes and treatment were reviewed. The cases consist of 17 children, 9 males (52,09%) and 8 females (47,01%). Most of the patients 12 (70,58%) were found in the age group of 1 year or less, and the others 5 (29,42%) in the age group of more than 1 year. The youngest was 1 year of age and the oldest 3 1/2 years. Six cases were caused by congenital abnormalities, 1 case by meningitis and in 10 cases the probable cause was unknown. Conservative treatment had been given to all cases.

Splenectomy in Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura : A Clinical Experience Indro Zaeni; Sukardi Sukardi; Bambang P.; Netty R. H. T.; S. Untario
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 28 No 11-12 (1988): November - December 1988
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Since 1979 until 1987 there were 4 idiophatic 1hrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) cases who had undergone splenectomy, consisting of 2 males and 2 females. All patients had been treated with prednisone prior to splenectomy, 2 patients received additional cytostatics. The course of the disease prior to splenectomy had been followed in a period of time, varying from 2,5 to 8 years. The effect of treatment was not very statisfying, as both clinical and laboratory reccurrence often happened. Post spelectomy, the administration of prednisone in 1 case was stopped immediately, in 2 cases it was stopped after 8 months and in 1 case it was continued. After more than 5 years follow up, 3 cases showed excellent clinical and laboratory findings, while I case failed.

Detecting neurodevelopmental problems in children aged 1-5 years using the simple parent-reported screening tool in combination with primitive reflex assessment Nicholas Calvin; Yetty Ramli
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 60 No 1 (2020): January 2020
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Background The Kuesioner Pra Skrining Perkembangan/DPsQ (Developmental Pre-screening Questionnaire/DPsQ) is a series of questions and instructions used as a developmental screening tool for children aged 3 months to 6 years. However, the DPsQ cannot fully detect the soft signs of future neurological disorders. However, the retained primitive reflex assessment as an adjunct to the DPsQ may be useful for such detection. Objective To determine whether assessing for retained primitive reflexes can add to the usefulness of DPsQ as a neurodevelopmental screen in children aged 1 to 5 years. Methods This cross-sectional study included children aged 1-5 years. Developmental screening was done using the DPsQ and retained primitive reflex assessment was performed using the Institute for Neuro-Physiological Psychology (INPP) screening and scoring guideline. Results Of 46 subjects, 56.8% of children with normal DPsQ scores had not retained primitive reflexes, while 88.9% of children with suspect DPsQ score had retained primitive reflexes. Hence, children with suspect DPsQ score had a 10.5 times higher chance of retaining primitive reflexes (OR 10.50; 95%CI 1.19 to 92.73; P=0.034). Furthermore, 66.7-77.8% of children with suspect DPsQ score had retained the Moro reflex, asymmetrical tonic neck reflex (ATNR), and symmetrical tonic neck reflex (STNR). Neither gender nor age were significantly associated with either suspect DPsQ score or the presence of retained primitive reflexes. Conclusion The DPsQ results correlate to integration of primitive reflexes, with 10.50 greater odds of children with ‘suspect’ DPsQ scores to have retained primitive reflexes. As such, retained primitive reflexes is not useful as a primary screen for future neurological problems. However, a high percentage of children (43.2%) with normal DPsQ scores also have retained primitive reflexes.

Current management of children with acute otitis media: a feasibility survey for a pragmatic study Respati Wulansari Ranakusuma; Amanda R. McCullough; Elaine M. Beller; Christopher B. Del Mar; Eka Dian Safitri; Yupitri Pitoyo; Widyaningsih Widyaningsih
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 59 No 6 (2019): November 2019
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Background Acute otitis media (AOM) is a common self-limiting infection where antibiotics confer limited benefit. Other treatments, such as anti-inflammatory agents have been proposed as an alternative to antibiotics, but no high-quality clinical trials have tested this. Objective To identify current AOM management practices among Indonesian clinicians. We also required this information for our proposed corticosteroids clinical trial for AOM. Methods This cross-sectional study surveyed a convenience sample of general practitioners (GPs), pediatricians, and Ear-Nose-Throat (ENT) specialists in Jakarta, Depok, and Bekasi. We addressed their current AOM management practices and willingness to participate in a future trial on corticosteroids. Results We distributed 2,694 questionnaires through conferences, primary care/hospital visits, and by mail-list group. Of 492 questionnaires received (response rate 18%), 352 were from eligible clinicians. Most clinicians diagnosed AOM by using an otoscope (64-91%). Tympanometry was used by a quarter of ENT specialists. Amoxicillin-clavulanate was the most common antibiotic for AOM, prescribed by pediatricians and ENT specialists, whilst most GPs prescribed amoxicillin. Clinical scenarios indicated most ENT specialists (88%) would prescribe antibiotics and most pediatricians (54%) would choose expectant observation by withholding antibiotics for mild AOM. Almost half of clinicians would consider using corticosteroids in a trial. Conclusion Most clinicians would prescribe antibiotics for mild AOM. However, slightly over half of pediatricians would solely choose expectant observation. Adequate numbers of potential participating clinicians, who would consider using corticosteroids, make our proposed corticosteroids trial for AOM feasible. We found gaps between clinical practice and evidence requiring further investigation to improve AOM management in Indonesia.

Platelet counts in epileptic children receiving valproic acid Lilik Indrayati; Fadhilah Tia Nur; Bambang Soebagyo
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 60 No 1 (2020): January 2020
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Background Epileptic seizures are a transient occurrence resulting from abnormal, excessive, or synchronous neural activity in the brain. Epilepsy requires long-term treatment, increasingly larger doses, and combination therapy. Anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs), especially valproic acid (VPA), are the main treatment of choice. Thrombocytopenia is the most common adverse event from AEDs. Objective To evaluate platelet counts in epileptic children receiving valproic acid monotherapy vs. polytherapy. Methods This analytic, observational, retrospective cohort study was conducted in children with epilepsy below 18 years of age and treated in Dr. Moewardi Hospital, Surakarta, Central Java. Subjects had received VPA treatment for at least 6 months, either as monotherapy or polytherapy. There were 40 subjects in each group (VPA monotherapy vs. VPA polytherapy). The exclusion criteria were patients who had thrombocytopenia and did not take valproic acid regularly. The data was taken from laboratory and the outcome assessed was decreasing of platelet count. Results Administration of VPA as monotherapy vs. polytherapy was not significantly associated with incidence of thrombocytopenia. However, duration of VPA use > 2 years was associated with significantly greater proportion of thrombocytopenia, with OR 33.0 (95%CI 4.157 to 261.962; P=0.001) compared to VPA use < 2 years. Similarly, VPA dose of >30 mg/kg/day was significantly associated with greater proportion of thrombocytopenia, with OR 4.081 (95%CI 1.337 to 12.458; P=0.013) compared to <30 mg/kg/day dosage. Conclusion Incidence of thrombocytopenia is not significantly different between VPA as a monotherapy and polytherapy. However, higher VPA dose and longer VPA duration are associated with higher proportion of thrombocytopenia.

Heart Failure in Infancy and Childhood Dan G. McNamara
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 16 No 1-2 (1976): January - February 1976
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Recognition of heart failure, especially left heart failure is often more difficult in the infant than the medical management. Treatment of failure is aimed at: Rapid relief of congestion in vital organs such as the lung and Improving the oxygen supply to deprived organs. Basically the plan should be aimed at increasing cardiac output, decreasing circulating blood volume and preventing conditions which call for increased oxygen utilization. For patients with pulmonary edema attention is directed at improving ventilation as much as in improving cardiac output. Heart failure in the infant may now be treated with greater optimism and hope than was justified ten years ago. Some infants recover entirely with no further treatment needed while others recover sufficiently to reach the cardiovascular surgeon in a reasonable state for definitive surgical repair.

Pesticide Poisoning as a Pediatric Emergency I. Darmansjah
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 16 No 1-2 (1976): January - February 1976
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

There are branches in medicine where knowledge of the average physician is deficient, such as in pollutional problems, industrial medicine and diseases caused by agricultural chemicals. Many of these involve the toxicology of substances rarely met with in medical practice. A multidisciplinary agro-medical and industria-medical approach is essential to understand the management including precautionary and legislative measures that have to be taken. This will involve not only medical personnel but also engineers, chemists, agronomists, ecologists and many others. Poisoning with agricultural chemicals most often involve O.C. and O.P. compounds. In adults these cases have been typified by self-poisonings and through neglect of safety measures prescribed by the factory. In children poisonings almost always have been associated with accidents. Here the most important factor is also negligence of parents to keep away dangerous pesticides from the reach of children. There are quite a few potent anti dotes available in pesticide-poisoning, notably atropine for D.P.'s and carbamates, vitamin K for warfarin, and dimercaprol for arsenics. There are also chemicals like paraquat and pentachlorophenol for which no antidote is available and they present great problems in treatment.

The Role and Training of Hospital Paediatric Nurses in Papua New Guinea John Biddulph
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 16 No 1-2 (1976): January - February 1976
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Demands for health services are increasing in all countries of the world. Both affluent and less affluent countries are starting to realise to the importance of nurse practitioners to enable comprehensive health services to be made available to more people at cheaper cost. The training programme for hospital paediatric nurses in Papua New Guinea has been designed to allow them to carry out effectively their future role of taking responsibility for the screening, diagnosis and initial treatment of sick children pending the availability of a doctor. The nurses receive practical on the job training by rotating through specific areas during the one year post basic course in paediatric nursing. The areas are acute paediatric ward, gastroenteritis ward, special care nursery, paediatric outpatients, nutrition rehabilitation unit and MCH clinics. The nurses learn to diagnose the common acute paediatric illnesses. They learn standardised management regimens for each of these common childhood illnesses. They also learn how to carry out the practical procedures required to allow them to diagnose and treat these illnesses, and become skilled in doing such procedures as lumbar punctures and intravenous rehydration.

Available Sources of Food in Indonesia (for the improvement of the nutritional status of children) Lie Goan-Hong; Oey Kam-Nio; Dradjat D. Prawiranegara; Tudit Herlina; Geertruida Sihombing; Idrus Jus'at
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 16 No 1-2 (1976): January - February 1976
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Ultimately, improvement of the nutritional status of children, in especially the preschool children, can only be achieved if the daily food intake is sufficient.This will ensure in the first instance the adequate provision -of energy, and secondly, the available protein in the diet will then be efficiently utilized. Sufficient intake of food can and must be realized through the combined use of inexpensive locally available foods from the food groups: Cereals, Legumes and Fish, Fat, Vegetables and Fruits, according to the existing menu-pattern "4 Sehat - 5 Sempurna" (4 means healthy- 5 is excellent). The diet therefore must not consist of rice alone. The role of fat in the diet must be stressed. The meal pattern of preschool children must be at least l times a day, preferably more. Depending on the available budget and the creative imagination of the mother, a variety of inexpensive but palatable dishes can be prepared at home which will stimulate the food intake.

Nutrition Education to the Community SOEMILAH SASTROAMIDJOJO
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 16 No 1-2 (1976): January - February 1976
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

The improvement of the nutritional status of the Indonesian children require an increase in food production, per capita income, level of education, better environmental hygiene, immunization and health services and nutrition education. Nutrition education is an important as an adequate food supply (by the government) and purchasing power as long as long as ignorance and superstitions concerning food are present. The importance of nutrition education is realized by the lndonesian government and is reflected in its Five Years Development Plans. Nutrition education will be emphasized and included in the program of health improvement. There should be ''educators" (in nutrition) available to make this program a success. The medical doctor, even more the pediatrician, is potentially, the right person as nutrition educator. However, the clue is that each doctor realizes the importance of nutrition education and does nutrition education, making the best use of his/her potentials.

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