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Paediatrica Indonesiana
Published by Ikatan Dokter Anak Indonesia
ISSN : 00309311     EISSN : 2338476X     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology
Paediatrica Indonesiana is a medical journal devoted to the health, in a broad sense, affecting fetuses, infants, children, and adolescents, belonged to the Indonesian Pediatric Society. Its publications are directed to pediatricians and other medical practitioners or researchers at all levels of health practice throughout the world.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 2,118 Documents
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The efficacy of audiovisual distraction as an anxiety-minimizing technique during echocardiography in preschool children Yantie, Ni Putu Veny Kartika; Gunawijaya, Eka; Windiani, I Gusti Ayu Trisna; Maharini, Kadek
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol. 63 No. 5 (2023): September 2023
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14238/pi63.5.2023.328-34

Abstract

Background Echocardiography procedures can cause fear and anxiety in children, especially at preschool age. Audiovisual distraction is a simple, harmless, and low-cost technique that does not interfere with the procedure. Objective To assess the effect of audiovisual distraction on the anxiety levels of children aged 2-5 years during echocardiography. Methods This quasi-experimental study included children aged 2-5 years who were admitted for echocardiography. Patients with hearing or visual impairment, Down syndrome, autism, or attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder were excluded. We administered anxiety-reducing intervention in the form of cartoon audiovisual media shown on a ceiling-mounted television during the echocardiography procedure. Anxiety levels were assessed using the Visual Analogue Scale - Anxiety (VAS-A) before and after the intervention was given. We compared the subjects’ pre- and post-procedure VAS-A scores and heart rates. Results Of the 43 subjects who underwent echocardiography during the study period, the mean age was 3.2 (SD 0.9) years, with an equal sex distribution. Most subjects had a history of repeated echocardiography procedures and hospitalizations. Thirty-nine (90.6%) of subjects demonstrated anxiety during the echocardiography procedure. There was a significant mean difference of 11.9 (SD 13.2) bpm (95%CI 7.8 to 15.9 bpm, p<0.001) in heart rate pre- vs. post-intervention. Median pre- and post-intervention VAS-A scores were 5 (range 0-10) and 1 (range 0-4), respectively (P=0.001). Post-intervention, almost all (97.7%) subjects had no or mild anxiety. Conclusion Audiovisual content presented on television serves as an effective distraction method to reduce children's anxiety during echocardiography.
Functional gastrointestinal disorders in adolescents during online learning Simanjuntak, Sumardi F.; Prawitasari, Titis; Kadim, Muzal; Sari, Teny Tjitra; Gunardi, Hartono; Vandenplas, Yvan; Hegar, Badriul
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol. 63 No. 5 (2023): September 2023
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14238/pi63.5.2023.353-60

Abstract

Background The COVID-19 pandemic necessitated the use of online schooling in order to comply with national and local lockdown guidelines. Online learning required students and teachers to adapt to a new method of schooling. The inability of adolescents to adapt to their environment can interfere with their psychosocial condition and become a risk factor for functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGID). Objective To determine the prevalence of FGID in adolescents and evaluate possible risk factors that existed during online learning. Methods This cross-sectional study was done in children aged 12-18 years who participated in online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic. The diagnosis of FGID was based on Rome IV criteria. Psychosocial problems were assessed using the Pediatric Symptom Checklist Questionnaire–17 (PSC-17) which includes internalization, externalization, and attention subscales. Subjects with a PSC-17 mixed subscale total score of >15 were considered as having an increased likelihood of having a behavioral health disorder. Data were collected by online questionnaires via Google Forms. Results Of 1,413 participants, 23% experienced FGID; of these, 32.6% had >2 FGID diagnostic criteria. Upon multivariate analysis, internalization psychosocial problems were the most common risk factors for FGID, followed by mixed subscale psychosocial problems, unstable internet connection, and not understanding of the material. ConclusionThe prevalence of FGID in adolescents in this study is 23%. Environmental and psychosocial conditions are interrelated as risk factors for FGID in adolescents during online learning in the COVID-19 pandemic.
Gastrointestinal tract bleeding in children with chronic cholestasis: Prevalence and risk factors in a tertiary referral hospital in Indonesia Alatas, Fatima Safira; Nisa, Cholifatun
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol. 63 No. 5 (2023): September 2023
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14238/pi63.5.2023.370-5

Abstract

Background Cholestasis can lead to several complications, including portal hypertension and risk of gastrointestinal bleeding. However, there is a paucity of studies on the risk factors and prevalence of gastrointestinal tract bleeding in children with chronic cholestasis, particularly in Indonesia. Objective To determine the prevalence and risk factors for gastrointestinal bleeding in children with chronic cholestasis in Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia. Methods This was a retrospective cohort study in a national referral hospital in Indonesia. Medical records of children with chronic cholestasis who visited the gastroenterohepatology outpatient clinic were collected for five years. Data on clinical symptoms, etiologies, and complications were obtained. Results A total of 97 participants were recruited on this study. The median age of the group was 0.31 years old. The most common causes of chornic cholestasis were biliary atresia, toxoplasma, other infections, rubella, cytomegalovirus, and herpes simplex virus (TORCH) infection, and urinary tract infection. Gastrointestinal bleeding occurred in 27.8% of patients, with hematemesis-melena being the most prevalent symptom. We found that liver cirrhosis, splenomegaly, thrombocytopenia, portal hypertension, and esophageal varices were all highly related with gastrointestinal bleeding. Splenomegaly, thrombocytopenia, and esophageal varices were associated with an increased risk of gastrointestinal bleeding in children with chronic cholestasis (P=0.018, P=0.008, and P=0.039, respectively). Conclusions The prevalence of gastrointestinal tract bleeding in children with chronic cholestasis is 27.8%, with splenomegaly, thrombocytopenia, and esophageal varices as significant risk factors.
Effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on emotional and behavioral problems and sleep problems in adolescents Medise, Bernie Endyarni; Reza, Maulana Okta; Devaera, Yoga; Soebadi, Amanda; Chozie, Novie Amelia; Pudjiadi, Antonius H
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol. 63 No. 5 (2023): September 2023
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14238/pi63.5.2023.383-8

Abstract

Background The asynchrony rapid phase of cognitive, physical and emotional development occurring in adolescence may result in various issues such as risk-taking behavior, psychosocial and emotional problems. School closure during the COVID-19 pandemic has caused a tremendous change in adolescent lifestyle and habits, including sleep patterns. causing added challenges to adolescents’ emotional and behavioral problems. Objective To identify the association between sleep disorders with emotional and behavioral problems during the COVID-19 pandemic in urban and rural adolescents. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study among adolescents aged 12-18 years from November to December 2021 in two provinces, DKI Jakarta and Riau Islands. We recruited students consecutively from randomly selected junior and senior high schools. We used the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) to screen for emotional and behavioral problems and for sleep disorders, respectively. The questionnaires were sent electronically to each subject after obtaining parental consent. Results There were 400 subjects included in our study, of which 64% were female. The prevalences of COVID-19 amongst subjects in urban and rural areas were COVID-19 12.5% and 5.5%, respectively. Emotional and behavioral disorders as well as sleep disorders were more common in rural than urban areas (13 vs. 11.5% and 50.5% vs. 38%; P=0.012, respectively). Sleep disorders were associated with the SDQ subscales of emotional symptoms [PR 4.88 (95%CI 2.97 to 8.03); P<0.01), conduct problems [PR 3.71 (95%CI 1.53 to 9.04); P=0.02), hyperactivity/inattention [PR 6.05 (95%CI 2.58 to 16.17); P<0.01], and peer relationship problems [PR 3.28 (95%CI 1.33 to 8.09); P<0.01). Conclusion Sleep disorders among adolescents during COVID-19 pandemic were associated with emotional and behavioral problems. Adolescents who live in rural areas were more likely to have sleep disorders, emotional and behavioral problems.
Intestinal microbiota and health in infants and children Hendricx, Fabian; Vandenplas, Yvan
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol. 63 No. 5 (2023): September 2023
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14238/pi63.5.2023.325-7

Abstract

Do not require abstract.
Shared medical appointments and quality of life for children with HIV-AIDS Perdani, Roro Rukmi Windi; Farishal, Ahmad; Wardani, Amanda Saphira
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol. 64 No. 1 (2024): January 2024
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14238/pi64.1.2024.59-64

Abstract

Background The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infects immune cells and weakens the immune system. There are 36.9 million HIV sufferers worldwide, with 1.8 million of them being children. Children with HIV and their parents may benefit from focus group discussions, also known as shared medical appointments (SMAs). SMAs represent an educational method capable of enhancing the quality of healthcare services. However, this method remains relatively under-researched in HIV/AIDS patients. Objective To assess the impact of SMA on the quality of life of children with HIV-AIDS. Methods This quasi-experimental study with a cross-sectional approach was carried out for 2 months. Subjects participated in SMAs, accompanied by a pediatrician as facilitator. Subjects filled three Pediatric Quality of Life (PedsQL) questionnaires (Inventory 4.0, General Well-Being Scale 3.0, and Healthcare Satisfaction 3.0), before and after attending SMAs. We compared the results. Results There were 12 respondents, with the majority aged 5-10 years (50%), and a higher proportion of male than female (33.3%). The majority of boys had stage 3 HIV, while most girls had stage 2 HIV. According to the PedsQL Inventory module, the average quality of life for the physical aspect was the highest (83), while the lowest was observed in the school aspect (45). In the General Well-being module, the average emotional health scores were 84 before and 93 after SMAs, which were higher than the overall health scores (68 and 77 before and after SMAs, respectively). In the Healthcare Satisfaction module, the lowest average scores were in family satisfaction (52 before and 64 after SMAs), whereas the highest were in satisfaction with healthcare provider treatment (87 and 81 before and after SMAs, respectively). There was a significant increase before and after the SMAs in emotional health (P=0.009). Conclusion An improvement in emotional health was observed based on the General Well-being module of the PedsQL before and after SMAs intervention. Thus, SMAs may potentially improve the quality of life for children with HIV-AIDS.
Scrofuloderma in a 1-year-old girl with severe malnutrition: a case report Jasin, Madeleine Ramdhani; Neldy, Fahreza Aditya; Setyanto, Darmawan Budi; Nugroho, Gufron; Sunhaji, Valerie; Ham, Maria Francisca
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol. 63 No. 6 (2023): November 2023
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14238/pi63.6.2023.511-6

Abstract

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a global burden and a leading cause of mortality due to infectious diseases worldwide. In 2020, 845,000 new TB cases (312 per 100,000 population) were diagnosed, with 96,000 deaths, including 4,700 deaths of TB with HIV. Tuberculosis typically affects the lungs, but it can also affect other organs, a condition termed extrapulmonary TB. In 2020, 16% of all TB cases had extrapulmonary manifestations.1 The first case of TB affecting the skin was reported in 1826.2,3 There are many types of cutaneous TB; one of the most common is scrofuloderma, more often found in children and young adults.4 Scrofuloderma starts with a lesion in a lymph node, bone, muscle, or tendon that spreads to the skin.5 The lesion progresses very slowly and is usually not painful. Therefore, many patients wait to seek treatment until an advanced stage, leading to poor prognosis.3 In this report, we present a case of a severely malnourished one-year-old girl with scrofuloderma.
Recurrent impending thyroid storm in a girl with Graves’ disease: a case report Novina, Novina; Putri, Nisa Hermina; Pramudani, Nadia; Faisal, Faisal
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol. 63 No. 6 (2023): November 2023
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14238/pi63.6.2023.517-20

Abstract

Thyroid storm is an acute, life-threatening, hypermetabolic state in children with thyrotoxicosis. Before the thyroid storm occurs, the patient falls into a “warning stage” called impending thyroid storm. Rapid diagnosis and prompt treatment of an impending thyroid storm are crucial to prevent further life-threatening impacts. We describe a pediatric patient who experienced two episodes of impending thyroid storm with negative COVID-19 tests during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Fetus in fetu - the included twin/entrapped twin: a case report Khaladkar, Sanjay M.; Koganti, Venkata Sai Mani Deepak; Jadhav, Vikas Leelavati Balasaheb; Khandelwal, Rachit; Lamghare, Purnachandra
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol. 63 No. 5 (2023): September 2023
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14238/pi63.5.2023.418-24

Abstract

Fetus in fetu is a rare congenital anomaly with fewer than 200 cases reported worldwide. It is a part of spectrum of anomalous embryogenesis. We report a case of an 18-month old boy with abdominal distension. Ultrasonography, X-ray, and computed tomography (CT) scan revealed a retroperitoneal mass suggestive of fetus in fetu. with evidence of organogenesis and a vertebral column, which differentiates it from an organized teratoma. The mass was resected in toto.
Complete atrioventricular block in an adolescent with acute rheumatic fever: a case report Sunbanu, Samlek Elisawyn
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol. 64 No. 1 (2024): January 2024
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14238/pi64.1.2024.86-9

Abstract

Acute rheumatic fever (ARF) is an autoimmune, multiorgan inflammatory disease that occurs in genetically susceptible individuals after group A-hemolytic streptococcal infection. Carditis and polyarthritis are the most common symptoms of ARF. Repeated streptococcal infections can cause recurrent valvulitis and valvular heart disease. Prolonged atrioventricular conduction (first-degree heart block) is a well-known symptom of ARF, occurring in one-fifth to three-fifths of patients. This condition is a minor criterion for diagnosing ARF based on Jones's criteria. Advanced conduction delay, such as a second-degree or a complete atrioventricular (AV) block, is a rare condition of ARF that can occur before symptoms like carditis, polyarthritis, and Sydenham chorea appear. We present a case of ARF in an adolescent with complete AV block.

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