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Paediatrica Indonesiana
Published by Ikatan Dokter Anak Indonesia
ISSN : 00309311     EISSN : 2338476X     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology
Paediatrica Indonesiana is a medical journal devoted to the health, in a broad sense, affecting fetuses, infants, children, and adolescents, belonged to the Indonesian Pediatric Society. Its publications are directed to pediatricians and other medical practitioners or researchers at all levels of health practice throughout the world.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 2,135 Documents
 1   2   3   4   5 
Effect of iron and zinc supplementation in the treatment of malaria in children Danny Dasraf; Bugis Mardina Lubis; Bidasari Lubis; Nelly Rosdiana; Munar Lubis; Syahril Pasaribu
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 47 No 6 (2007): November 2007
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (345.527 KB) | DOI: 10.14238/pi47.6.2007.256-60

Abstract

Background Iron and zinc administration for children withmalaria in endemic area were known to decrease parasitemia butdata on their effectiveness when given together to increasereticulocytes as erythropoiesis parameter and hemoglobin isinsufficient.Objective To determine the effect of zinc to increase ironabsorption in the treatment of Plasmodium falciparum malaria inchildren.Methods Children with positive Plasmodium falciparum on theirblood smear (n=86) examination were randomly assigned to dailysupplementation of iron 6 mg per kg body weight per day plusplacebo or iron plus zinc 10 mg per day for 30 days. Venous bloodspecimens were collected at the start and at the end of the study.Results Sixty-nine children completed the supplementations andhad both baseline and follow-up blood specimen study. After 30-day supplementation, the iron plus placebo and iron plus zincgroups showed significant difference on hemoglobin concentration(0.58 and 0.09 g/dl; P<0.05). There was no significant differencein reticulocyte production index and reticulocyte count beforeand after intervention in both groups. There was only significantdifference in red blood cells concentration after supplementationof iron plus placebo and iron plus zinc (4.7 in 4.5 million/μl;P<0.05).Conclusions Iron supplementation with or without zinc showssignificant increase of hemoglobin concentration. It is slightlyhigher in iron plus placebo group.
Validation of the Signs of Inflammation in Children that can Kill (SICK) score for assessment of illness severity Jose M. Mandei; Ari L. Runtunuwu; Chandni Daryanani
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 53 No 6 (2013): November 2013
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (109.958 KB) | DOI: 10.14238/pi53.6.2013.305-8

Abstract

Background The Signs of Inflammation in Children that can Kill(SICK) score has been developed in the search for a practicaltriage tool in settings with limited resources for immediate, noninvasiveassessment of illness severity. Its seven parameters areheart rate, respiratory rate, systolic blood pressure, temperature,blood oxygen saturation (Sp02), capillary refill time (CRT), andlevel of consciousness. The SICK score also takes into accountthe age of the child.Objective To assess the validity of SICK scores for differentiatingbetween high and low probabilities of death in children.Methods We performed a prospective evaluation of all childrenaged between one month to twelve years admitted to the PediatricEmergency Care Unit at Prof. Dr. R.D. Kandou Hospital, Manadobetween October 2011 to January 2012. We calculated SICKscores at the time of presentation and assessed their correlationwith subsequent in-hospital mortality using logis tic regressionanalysis.Results During the study period, we observed 230 patients,of whom 199 survived and 31 died. There were 134 males, ofwhom 117 survived and 17 died. The remaining 96 subjects werefemale, of whom 82 survived and 14 died. Logistic regressionanalysis revealed a significant relationship between SICK scoreand mortality (P< 0.001). With a probability of 0.5, we attaineda cut off score of 4.74 points, with 96.8% sensitivity and 99.5%specificity for the prediction of mortality.Conclusion T he high SICK score is associated with higherprobability of death. A cut off score of 4. 74 has high sensitivity andspecificity for predicting the probability of death. The SICK scoremay be useful as a triage tool at the patient's initial presentation,particularly in settings with limited resources.
Correlation between hyperbilirubinemia in term infants and developmental delay in 2-4 year-old children Rocky Wilar; Nurhayati Masloman; Hesti Lestari; William Stephenson Tjeng
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 50 No 3 (2010): May 2010
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14238/pi50.3.2010.154-8

Abstract

Background Up to 50 percent of term newborns have clinical jaundice during the first week of life. Many infants with bilirubin encephalopathy were asymptomatic, but they show neurodevelopmental delay few years later. Toxic effect occurs if unbound unconjugated bilirubin penetrates blood brain barrier and causes neuronal death.Objective To investigate the relationship between moderate hyperbilirubinemia in tenn infants and developmental delay in 2- 4 year-old children.Methods A retrospective cohort study was performed usingmedical record of infants born between 2006-2007 in Division of Neonatology Prof. R.D. Kandoll General Hospital, Manado. Data from the medical record consisted of weeks of gestation, birth weight, Apgar scores, diagnosis of sepsis, congenital anomalies. Tenn infants with appropriate weight for gestational age were visited at their home to undergo developmental screening by Denver II and Vineland Social Maturity Scale test.Results Fifty one children enrolled in this study (26 children with hyperbilirubinemia and 25 without  hyperbilirubinemia) consisted of 27 boys and 24 girls. Most children were 24 - 29 months old (24/51). The results of Vineland Social Maturity Scale test showed 14 children had delayed social maturation (10 Mth history of  hyperbilirubinemia). Denver II screening found 11 children had delayed language skill (10 Mth history of hyperbilirubinemia), 1 child Mth hyperbilirubinemia had delayed fine motoric and language skill.Conclusions T here is a relationship between moderate hyperbilirubinemia in tenn infants and developmental delay in 2 - 4 year old children.
Mortality rates in pediatric septic shock Desy Rusmawatiningtyas; Nurnaningsih Nurnaningsih
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 56 No 5 (2016): September 2016
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (241.661 KB) | DOI: 10.14238/pi56.5.2016.304-10

Abstract

Background Septic shock remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality in children admitted to the intensive care unit. Recent investigations from developed countries have reported mortality rates of 20-30%. Few studies have reported mortality rates from pediatric septic shock in intensive care settings in developing countries with limited resources.  Objective  To determine the current mortality rates for pediatric patients with septic shock in a developing country.Methods A retrospective study was conducted in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) at DR. Sardjito General Hospital. Medical records and charts were reviewed and recorded for diagnoses of septic shock, from November 1st, 2011 to June 30th, 2014. Results  A database of all PICU admissions was assembled, and cases with diagnoses of septic shock were reviewed. The final data consisted of 136 patients diagnosed with septic shock. Septic shock was defined as a clinical suspicion of sepsis, manifested by hyperthermia or hypothermia, and accompanied by hypoperfusion  The overall mortality rate for the study cohort was 88.2%.  The median age of patients was 16 months, with 52.2% males. Median initial PRISM III and PELOD scores were 10 and 22, respectively. The median length of PICU stay was 4 days. A total of 48.5% of the subjects were in need of crystalloid and colloid fluid at a median amount of 40 mL/kg. The median time required to complete the initial resuscitation was 60 minutes. Mechanical ventilator support in the first 24 hours was required in 79.4% of the cases. Fluid overload of > 10% (FO>10%) was found in 58.8% of the subjects.Conclusion The mortality rate in pediatric septic shock in our hospital is very high. There is a higher incidence of fluid overload in the non-survival group .
A Study on Hypothyroidism in a School for the Mentally Retarded in Bandung J. Asikin; S. Dibjosubroto; A.H. Pallencaoe; L.F. Luhulima
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 18 No 5-6 (1978): May - June 1978
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (407.222 KB) | DOI: 10.14238/pi18.5-6.1978.141-50

Abstract

A study was made on 114 pupils from a school for the mentally retarded in Bandung. In 50 subjects the length ratio between the upper and the lower segment of the body were more than one; of 44 subjects (32 debils, 11 imbecils, 1 borderline debil-imbecil) we found 2 with hypertelorism, 1 with dry and rough skin, and 1 with gross and fine motor abnormalities. Dental development and bone ages were within normal limits. No rise in serum cholesterol and changes in NTR (Normalized Thyroxine Ratio) were found. T4 (thyroxine) values were within normal limits. Radioactive iodine uptake and scanning of 42 subjects showed hyperplasia in 32 and euthyroidism in 5 subjects. Three subjects suggested a possible iodine contamination, 2 subjects with uptake of more than 50%, one of them showed adenoma (toxic?) on scanning; on the other one scanning was not done. Hypothyroidism was not found; 32 subjects which showed hyperplasia were suggestive of active thyroid. Further studies should be done in another sample of population to trace the problems of hypothyroidism in childhood.
Effectiveness of phototherapy with reflecting curtains on neonatal jaundice Ari Kurniasih; Guslihan Dasa Tjipta; Muhammad Ali; Emil Azlin; Pertin Sianturi
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 51 No 5 (2011): September 2011
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (321.51 KB) | DOI: 10.14238/pi51.5.2011.256-61

Abstract

Background Although phototherapy has been used in clinical practice for 40 years, there is still much debate on how to provide the most efficacious phototherapy. Phototherapy with white reflecting curtains may increase the average spectral irradiance provided, as well as decrease serum bilirubin concentrations at a faster rate in neonates with jaundice.Objective To determine if adding low cost, white, reflecting curtains to a standard phototherapy unit can increase the effectiveness of phototherapy for neonatal jaundice.Methods A randomized, controlled, open trial was conducted at H. Adam Malik and Pirngadi Hospitals, Medan, from May to December 2009. The criteria for inclusion in the study were full term newborns with neonatal jaundice presenting in their first week of life. Single phototherapy with white curtains hanging from the sides of the phototherapy unit (study group, n=30) was compared to single phototherapy without curtains (control group, n=30). The primary outcomes measured were the mean difference in total serum bilirubin levels and average spectral irradiation levels measured at baseline, and after 12 hours and 24 hours of phototherapy.Results The sum of average spectral irradiance in the curtained phototherapy unit was significantly higher than that of the standard phototherapy unit without curtains (P < 0.05). The decrease of total serum bilirubin levels after 12 and 24 hours of phototherapy was significantly greater in the study group (3.71 and 9.7 mg/dl, respectively) than in the control group (0.1 and 3.8 mg/dl, respectively), both P <0.05.Conclusion White, reflecting curtains in phototherapy units was significantly more effective than phototherapy without curtains for treatment of neonatal jaundice. [Paediatr Indones. 2011;51:256-61].
Breastfeeding practices in mothers: a qualitative study Nanis S. Marzuki; Elizabeth Yohmi; Eveline Nainggolan; Badriul Hegar; Hanifah Oswari; I Gusti Ayu Nyoman Partiwi
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 54 No 1 (2014): January 2014
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (117.439 KB) | DOI: 10.14238/pi54.1.2014.35-41

Abstract

Background Despite the WHO and UNICEF recorrunendations, the well-known breastfeeding benefits, and the efforts to promote and support breastfeeding; exclusive breastfeeding by Indonesian mothers remains low and contributes to high infant mortality rates.Objective To elucidate the fac tors that influence mothers' choices for infant feedingMethods This qualitative study was conducted as part of a nationwide survey. The study included 36 in-depth interviews of mothers with infants aged 0-11 months, and health care professionals, including general practitioners, pediatricians, and midwives. This study was performed between 0 cto ber - November 2 0 l 0 in both rural and urban areas of 4 provinces in Indon esia.Results We found that most mothers intended to breastfeed and had positive perceptions of breastfeeding. However, mothers faced many challenges in the practice of exclusive and proper breastfeeding. Additionally, the perceived definition of exclusive breastfeeding varied among the participants, leading to n on-exclusive breastfeeding attitudes. The most frequent reasons for mothers to introduce additional milk formula or food were the perception of an inadequate milk supply, infant dissatisfaction or fu ssiness after feeding. Different perceptions were also demonstrated in different regions and the varying levels of socioeconomic status. Health care practitioners (HCPs) were the most reliable source for giving adequate information, but unfortunately, they were not easily accessible and provided inconsistent information. Consequently, closely-related family members were the major contributors of information to a mother'schoice of infant feeding; because they were easily accessible.Conclusion Factors influencing mothers in their breastfeeding practices are their basic knowledge, demographic and socioeconomic status, as well as the availability of support from closelyrelatedfamily members, friends, and HCPs.
Glycemic control in diabetic children and adolescents after attending diabetic camp Erwin P. Soenggono; Rara Purbasari; Aman B. Pulungan; Bambang Tridjaja
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 51 No 5 (2011): September 2011
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (329.982 KB) | DOI: 10.14238/pi51.5.2011.294-7

Abstract

Background Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is an emerging disease worldwide. Glycemic control in pediatric T1DM patients is a challenge in diabetes management. Attending diabetic camp has been associated with improved glycemic control in diabetic children and adolescents.Objective To determine the effect of diabetic camp attendance on glycemic control in children and adolescents with T1DMMethods A cross-sectional, non-experimental study was done in December 2010 at a diabetic camp held in Bogor, Indonesia. The two-day camp educated diabetics about T1DM, including insulin use, meal planning, exercise, monitoring and complications. The diabetic camp was attended by 28 children and adolescents, consisting of 5 boys and 23 girls, aged 7 – 18 years. Eighteen participants completed the requested data for our study. Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) was measured before and 3 months after subjects attended the camp. Participants also filled the Pediatric quality of life (PedsQL) questionnaire. We compared HbA1c levels before camp and 3 months after, by Stata 19.Results Before camp, the mean HbA1c was 9.18% (SD 2.48) and 3 months after camp it was 8.67% (SD 1.62), a statistically significant improvement (P=0.004). The PedsQL revealed that none of the subjects had poor quality of life.Conclusion Glycemic control in T1DM children and adolescents was significantly improved 3 months after attending diabetic camp compared to that before attending camp. According to subjects’ self-assessment by PedsQL questionnaire, no subjects indicated a poor quality of life for the duration of their illness. [Paediatr Indones. 2011;51:294-7].
Effects of a structured educational intervention on metabolic control of type-1 diabetes mellitus patients Bernie Endyarni; Jose RL Batubara; I Boediman
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 46 No 6 (2006): November 2006
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (397.339 KB) | DOI: 10.14238/pi46.6.2006.260-5

Abstract

Background Children with type-1 diabetes face not only short-term complications but also long-term microvascular andmacrovascular complications. Therefore, a continuing medical careand education to reach blood glucose near normal range is abso-lutely required. An addition of behavioral educational interventionto intensive diabetes management resulted in improved metaboliccontrol and quality of life.Objective To determine the effects of a structured educationalintervention to parents and patients with type-1 diabetes mellituson their knowledge and patient metabolic control.Methods In this interventional study with pretest-posttest designat Department of Child Health, Medical School, University of Indo-nesia, a total of 21 patients with the age between 8 and 18 yearsand their parents were assigned to follow a structured educationalprogram over period of 6 months. During the 6 intervention ses-sions, some procedures were applied: obtaining HbA1c at initial,3 rd and 6 th month using HPLC procedure, classroom teaching pro-gram, small group discussions, role-playing and pre-posttests.Results The mean HbA1c level in the 21 children and adoles-cents at initial, 3 rd and 6 th month were 10.05% (SD 2.67%), 10.28%(SD 2.23%) and 10.01% (SD 2.67%), which showed no significantchanges (P>0.05). After 6 educational sessions, the result showedsignificant changes in both parents’ (P<0.05) and patients’ knowl-edge (P<0.05). Patients’ diabetes-related knowledge had a mod-erate correlation (r=-0.632; P=0.02) , but parents’ diabetes-relatedknowledge had no significant correlation (r=-0.348; P=0.122) withpatient mean HbA1c level.Conclusion A structured educational intervention used in this studyis able to improve parents’ and patients’ diabetes-related knowl-edge significantly. Patients’ diabetes-related knowledge had a sig-nificant correlation with metabolic control
A case of duodenal atresia Parma Umi Asnil; Sumanto Sumanto; Darwin Arsjad
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 13 No 2 (1973): February 1973
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14238/pi13.2.1973.71-6

Abstract

Congenital atresia of the intestines and colon is an uncommon malformation in which there is complete obstruction of the alimentary tract. It rapidly produces vomiting, severe dehydration, and possibly rupture of the blind intestine. If no surgical relief is given, death supervenes in most cases in the first week of life, but surgical therapy is followed by high mortality. Prompt recognition of the obstruction and immediate operation give the only hope of survival (Gross, 1953).Vidal (1915) as cited by Young (1966) is the first who report the successful treatment of neonatal duodenal obstruction.

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