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Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Research
Published by Creative Pharma Assent
ISSN : -     EISSN : 23480335     DOI : 10.18231
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology
Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Research (JOAPR) is an official publication of Creative Pharma Assent (CPA). It is an open access, peer review online international journal. JOAPR is primarily focused on multiple discipline of pharmaceutical sciences (Pharmaceutics, Pharmaceutical Technology, Biopharmaceutics, Cosmetic Technology, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Computational Chemistry and Molecular Drug Design, Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Herbal drugs/ formulations, Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Analysis, Pharmacy Practice, Clinical and Hospital Pharmacy, Cell Biology, Genomics and Proteomics, Pharmacogenomics, Bioinformatics and Biotechnology of Pharmaceutical Interest) which publish quarterly. JOAPR also includes evaluation of pharmaceutical excipients & their practical application to research & industry based efforts. The aim of the scientific journal, JOAPR is to present a wide area for the current researchers to share their noble works and ideas in terms of the research papers, review articles and short communications. JOAPR only publish the original research works with a definite innovation and novelty after thorough reviewing. The paper must have a suitable and proper scientific background.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 459 Documents
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Bio-medical waste management in different hospitals of Guwahati and its effect on environment Changmai, Arabinda; Islam, Tofiqul; Nongsiang, Dibarlan; Deka, Manoj Kumar; Saharia, Bhargab Jyoti; Choudhury, Ananta; Dey, Biplab Kumar
Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Research Vol 6 No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Creative Pharma Assent

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18231/2348-0335.2018.0002

Abstract

Biomedical waste is defined as the waste generated during the diagnosis, treatment or immunization of human beings or animals or in research activities pertaining thereto or in the production or testing of biological, and including categories mentioned in schedule I of the Biomedical Waste (Management and handling) (second amendment) Rules 2000, by Ministry of Environment and Forests notification. Proper handling, treatment and disposal of biomedical wastes are important elements of healthcare infection control program. There may be increased risk of nosocomial infections in patients due to poor waste management which can lead to change in microbial ecology and spread of antibiotic resistance. It is not only the health of the patient, but also the health of persons in health care industry equally important. This article speaks about how the hospitals present in Guwahati treat their waste material and the effect of the waste in the environment Keywords: Biomedical waste, waste management, effect on environment, risk associate.
Synthesis of some dihydropyrimidinone derivatives and study of their anti-inflammatory activity Naresh, Podila; Choudhury, Tirthankar
Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Research Vol 6 No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Creative Pharma Assent

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18231/2348-0335.2018.0003

Abstract

This research revealed that the numbers of available heterocyclic compounds are mainly focused on nitrogen containing compounds, such as quinazolines, indoles, benzimidazole, quinoxalines, coumarins and pyrimidines etc. A mixture of substituted aldehydes (0.01 mol) like acetyl acetone (method 1) or ethyl acetoacetate (method 2), urea or thiourea (0.01 mol) and lemon juice (0.5 ml) were taken into a round bottom flask and reflux for 1 hour at 800C under continuous stirring. After completion of the reaction the final product was recrystalized for purification. Simultaneously toxicity and anti-inflammatory activity were performed. But in case of using ethyl acetoacetate in method 2, the percentage yield was more as compare to using of acetyl acetone in method 1. So the derivatives obtained from method 2 were selected for further toxicity and anti- inflammatory activities
Investigation of anti-diabetic potential of Diodia sarmentosa in alloxan-induced diabetic albino rats Ekpe, Lawson; Rosalie, Ijomone Oghogho
Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Research Vol 6 No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Creative Pharma Assent

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18231/2348-0335.2018.0005

Abstract

Purpose: Natural remedies from medicinal plants are considered to be effective and safe alternative treatments for diabetes mellitus. Diodia sarmentosa (Rubiaceae) commonly called tropical button weed, has been used locally in the treatment of diabetes. This study demonstrates the hypoglycaemic and anti-diabetic activity of the aqueous ethanol extract and ethylacetate fractions of Diodia sarmentosa in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Methods: 1000g of the leaves (air dried at 250C for 7days) was subjected to extraction using 80% aqueous ethanol and then fractionated with ethylacetate. This gave a percentage yield of 13.299%w/w, 28.30%w/w, and 11.62%w/w for aqueous ethanol extract, ethylacetate soluble and insoluble fraction respectively. Three doses (1000mg/kg, 500mg/kg and 250mg/kg body weight) of the three samples were administered to the test groups while Glibenclamide at dose of 2.5mg/kg body weight was administered to the control group. Comparing the activity of the plant to the standard drug, the activity of all the doses of the aqueous ethanol extract and ethylacetate insoluble fraction was comparable with that of the standard drug (Glibenclamide). Result: As regard to the dose response, the highest activity resides in the highest dose of sample administered (i.e 1000mg/kg body weight) followed by the 500mg/kg and the 250mg/kg body weight (1000mg/kg>500mg/kg>250mg/kg). The aqueous ethanol and ethylacetate soluble fractions caused a significant (p>0.05) reduction in blood glucose of the diabetic rats. Conclusion: Thus, this present study validates the medicinal potential of Diodia sarmentosa in diabetes treatment
Synthesis and biological evaluation of some heterocyclic compounds Mohamed, Meena Allab; Mohamed, Yassin; Eid, Nahed M.; Barsoum, Flora F.
Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Research Vol 6 No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Creative Pharma Assent

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18231/2348-0335.2018.0006

Abstract

Cancer is one of the most striking diseases that has a potential impact on human health with high mortality rate. During the last century many anticancer agents have emerged but unfortunately, these agents could not provide effective solutions for cancer treatment due to side effects and resistance. All over the world, asking for new anticancer agents is still a major goal for medicinal chemists. Pyrrole and pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine scaffolds are very interesting bioactive core exhibiting several biological activities as anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial activities. Herein, we highlighted on the anticancer activity of the pyrrole and pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine derivatives which are reported to possess anticancer activity and many of them are in market or still in clinical trials. This work deals with design and synthesis of new pyrrole and pyrrolopyrimidine derivatives. The new compounds were screened for their cytotoxic activity against HepG2 and MCF7in vitro. The most active compounds were evaluated for their VEGFR-2 inhibition in vitro
Mycotic loads’ determination of non-sterile pharmaceuticals in lagos state and 16S rDNA identification of the fungal isolates Oyebanji, Elizabeth Olawumi; Adekunle, Adedotun Adeyinka; Coker, Herbert Alexander B.; Adebami, Gboyega Ebenezer
Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Research Vol 6 No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Creative Pharma Assent

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18231/2348-0335.2018.0007

Abstract

Pharmaceuticals are medicinal products used in the prevention, treatment, and diagnosis of diseases. As such, the presence of microorganisms’ especially fungal toxins can reduce or eliminate the products therapeutic activity and constitute a potential danger to patient health. This study attempts to determine the fungal loads of liquid preparation used as medication in Lagos State and its environs and identify the fungal isolates. 252 different types of oral liquid drugs (200syrups and 52 suspensions) which included paracetamol syrup, cough syrup and antibiotics suspension manufactured in five different pharmaceutical industries in Nigeria were methodically sampled and analyzed for fungi contamination using standardized method. The isolated fungi were identified using morphological characterization as well as 16SrDNA sequencing. 13% of the sampled syrups were found to be contaminated with fungi where thecolony forming units for paracetamol syrup, cough syrup and antibiotics suspension ranges from 2.0x101 - 9.6×104; 1.0x102- 7.5x104 and 1.0x101- 8.8×104cfu/ml respectively while87% yielded no growth.Thirteen (13) morphologically different species of fungi were identified which included Aspergillus niger strains, A. tamari strains, A. japonicas, A. flavus, A. awamari, A. ellipticus, A. tubingensis, Meyerozyma aaribbica, Candida carpophila and  Eurotiomycetes spp, The presence of microorganisms in oral liquid samples might explain the treatment complicacy of the diseased children. Therefore, microbiological quality of such drugs is thus suggested.
Assessment of Calamus tenuis fruits extract on blood glucose level elevation and its antibacterial potency Sarkar, Hema; Sharin, Tasfia; Mamun, Muhammad Shamim Al
Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Research Vol 6 No 3 (2018)
Publisher : Creative Pharma Assent

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18231/2348-0335.2018.0008

Abstract

Investigation of anti-hyperglycemic and antibacterial activity of the fruit extract of Calamus tenuis was carried out. Soxhlet extraction was done using petroleum ether, ethyl acetate and methanol. Anti-hyperglycemic activity was done by Oral Glucose Tolerance Test. The results indicated that methanol extract showed nearly same potency of blood glucose lowering capacity with a dose of 500 mg/Kg (4.82 ± 0.730 mmol/L) compared to the glibenclamide (standard drug) produced (4.26 ± 0.441 mmol/L) at 5 mg/Kg dose after 120 min of glucose feeding to mice. Antibacterial activity was investigated using disc diffusion method. Antibacterial tests revealed that S. aureus was resistant to all the solvent extracts. Ethyl acetate and methanol extracts showed moderate antibacterial capacity against both Micrococcus and V. cholerea whereas petroleum ether showed nothing. Zone of inhibition of Ethyl acetate and methanol extracts (200 mg/mL dose) for E. coli were very close to positive control (17.00 ± 0.816 and 18.75 ± 1.258 mm respectively; positive control value was 19.00 ± 1.414 and 21.00  ± 1.414 respectively ). In case of methanol zone of inhibitions were greater than other solvent extracts against all tested bacterial species. From this study it can be concluded that the C. tenuis fruit may serve as a new potential source of medicines due to the presence of biological activity.
Pharmacognostical, phytochemical and anthelmintic activity of Polygonum muricatum Goswami, Priyanka; Islam, Rajibul; Khongmalai, Everlasting; Sarkar, Bapi Ray; Sen, Saikat; Choudhury, Ananta; Dey, Biplab Kumar
Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Research Vol 6 No 3 (2018)
Publisher : Creative Pharma Assent

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (454.541 KB) | DOI: 10.18231/2348-0335.2018.0009

Abstract

Polygonum muricatum is widely used by the local people of Meghalaya for anthelmintics. An attempt has been made to evaluate the pharmacognostical, preliminary phytochemical and pharmacological parameters of leaves of Polygonum muricatum. The physicochemical constants like moisture content, ash values such as total ash, acid insoluble ash and water soluble ash, extractive values such as water soluble extractive value and alcohol soluble extractive value were determined. The extract obtained by successive solvent extraction was subjected to preliminary phytochemical analysis to find out the presence of compounds. The plant Polygonum muricatum leaves were extracted with the solvent benzene, acetone, ethanol and water by soxhlet apparatus method. The extract was evaluated for anthelmintic activity with Indian earthworm. Ethanol extract of the plant Polygonum muricatum has shown the significant activity.
Design and optimization of immediate release tablet of salbutamol sulphate by direct compression technique Saha, Suman
Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Research Vol 6 No 3 (2018)
Publisher : Creative Pharma Assent

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (407.472 KB) | DOI: 10.18231/2348-0335.2018.0010

Abstract

This study is about a tablet, which disintegrates or dissolves quickly when placed in the oral cavity. Studies on formulation development of Salbutamol Sulphate Immediate Release Tablet, suitable for manufacturing by direct compression have been carried out. Trial formulations using various excipients were developed and evaluated for various qualities like hardness, friability, disintegration time, content uniformity and dissolution. Study concluded that Immediate Release Tablet of Salbutamol Sulphate can be prepared successfully with added patient benefit and increased consumer satisfaction.
Immediate release drug delivery systems: a current update Saha, Suman
Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Research Vol 6 No 4 (2018)
Publisher : Creative Pharma Assent

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (315.976 KB) | DOI: 10.18231/2348-0335.2018.0011

Abstract

Instead of tremendous advancements in drug delivery, the oral route remains the most preferred route for the administration of therapeutic agents because of the low cost of therapy and ease of administration that leads to high levels of patient concordance. Incorporating an existing medicine into Newer Drug Delivery System (NDDS) are gaining popularities. One such approach is to formulate Immediate Release Tablet, which dissolve or disintegrate rapidly in saliva without the need of water within few seconds due to action of superdisintegrant in the formulation or other novel manufacturing technique. The demand for orally disintegrating tablets has enormously increased during the last decade over the other oral dosage forms (such as tablets, capsules, dry syrups, chewing gums, chewable tablets etc.) particularly for geriatrics and pediatrics, travelers, dysphasics, psychotics and non-cooperative patients. Considering the advantages of Immediate Release Tablet and its growing demand, an attempt has been made through this article to give an overview of preparation and new methodologies for the Immediate Release Tablet followed currently and in past including some patient information.
Antimicrobial activity of 1, 3, 4-thiadiazole derivatives: a recent review Alam, Faruk
Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Research Vol 6 No 4 (2018)
Publisher : Creative Pharma Assent

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (441.64 KB) | DOI: 10.18231/2348-0335.2018.0012

Abstract

A few five members’ aromatic systems having three hetero-atoms at symmetrical positions, for example, thiadiazoles have been considered broadly attributable to their intriguing pharmacological properties. These thiadiazole derivatives are the heterocyclic compound which contains the five member ring along with nitrogen and sulfur atoms. This recent study covers the most dynamic thiadiazole subordinates that have demonstrated significant biological activities, for example, anti microbial, anti inflammatory, anti tubercular, ant-diabetic, diuretics, anti depressant, radio-protective, anti-leishmanial and cytotoxic activity. This review likewise examines the structure-activity relationship (SAR) of the most powerful compounds. It can go about as an imperative tool for restorative scientists to create more current compounds having thiadiazole moiety that could be better operators regarding viability and safety.

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