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Hendra Harmi
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hendra.harmi@iaincurup.ac.id
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fokus@iaincurup.ac.id
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Jl. Dr. AK Gani No. 01 Curup, Rejang Lebong Bengkulu Indonesia
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INDONESIA
FOKUS: Jurnal Kajian Keislaman dan Kemasyarakatan
Published by Institut Agama Islam Negeri Curup
ISSN : 2548334X     EISSN : 25483358     DOI : http://doi.org/10.29240/jf
Core Subject : Religion, Humanities, Education, Social,
Religion Humanities Education Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences
FOKUS: Jurnal Kajian Keislaman dan Kemasyarakatan is a scientific journal that is managed and published by the Research institutions and community service of Institut Agama Islam Negeri (IAIN) Curup, Bengkulu, Indonesia in peer review. This journal is dedicated to publishing scientific articles on research, Islamic studies, Islamic culture and community service from various aspects and points of view. This journal is published periodically in May and November every year
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Ilmu Sosial (Lain-Lain)
Articles 193 Documents
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The Islamic State of Indonesia Deviations History in West Sumatra Harmi, Hendra; Nurjannah, Nurjannah; Anwar, Khairul; Selvi Maharani, Mega; Kris Sanjaya , Hengki
FOKUS Jurnal Kajian Keislaman dan Kemasyarakatan Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025): FOKUS
Publisher : Institut Agama Islam Negeri (IAIN) Curup

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Abstract

West Sumatra, the land of the Minangkabau people, is one of the fertile breeding grounds for the Indonesian Islamic State (NII) terrorist network. This study aims to describe and analyze in depth the history of the Indonesian Islamic State's religious deviation in West Sumatra. This study uses a qualitative, direct research approach within a social-historical framework. The FGD informants are former NII members and local government officials. The results of the study show that, according to former NII members in West Sumatra, Kartosuwiryo was the main figure in spreading the NII, which was founded to replace the Republic of Indonesia with an Islamic state. This organization was divided into two factions: Abi Tahmid and Abu Toto. The main figures in the spread of NII in West Sumatra were Datuak, I_s, and W_n. Before the raid, NII in West Sumatra had around 1,125 followers, many of whom were trapped in deviant teachings due to their search for religious understanding, dissatisfaction with the government, and a lack of deep religious understanding.
KASHF AS COMPLEMENTARY EPISTEMOLOGY: REASSESSING AL-GHAZĀLĪ IN ISLAMIC PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE Muhdi Ali; Awan Farih; Suadi Sa’ad; Masykur Masykur
FOKUS Jurnal Kajian Keislaman dan Kemasyarakatan Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026): FOKUS
Publisher : Institut Agama Islam Negeri (IAIN) Curup

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This study discusses the tendency of contemporary scholarship to reduce kashf to merely an intuitive or psychological experience, thereby overlooking its epistemological significance in Islamic philosophy of science. Its aim is to critically reassess the position of kashf in al-Ghazālī's epistemology and to construct a complementary epistemological framework related to modern scientific observation. This research employs a qualitative philosophical approach using Gadamerian hermeneutics, focusing on the interpretative analysis of al-Ghazālī's works, namely al-Munqidh min al-Ḍalāl and Iḥyā’ ‘Ulūm al-Dīn, and situating them in a dialogue with contemporary philosophy of science. The analysis involves three stages: text interpretation, epistemological comparison, and conceptual synthesis. Findings show that kashf in al-Ghazālī's framework functions not only as mystical intuition but also as a structured epistemic mode based on spiritual discipline, inner verification, and moral purification. This study indicates that kashf complements empirical observation by overcoming its limitations in accessing metaphysical dimensions, while maintaining its own criteria of internal validity. Based on this, the study formulates a complementary epistemological model consisting of three integrated domains: empirical (sensory observation), rational (intellectual reasoning), and intuitive-transcendental (kashf). This model provides a more comprehensive epistemological framework that allows dialogue between Islamic intellectual tradition and modern science, particularly in expanding the scope of valid knowledge beyond empirical reductionism.
SPIRIT BEYOND SELF: AN ANALYSIS OF SELF-TRANSCENDENCE IN THE MOTIVATION OF SERVICE BY TAKMIR THE JOGOKARIYAN MOSQUE Cici Laras Jabil; Zainal Arifin; Ika Tiara Aryani; Luluk Shomitah
FOKUS Jurnal Kajian Keislaman dan Kemasyarakatan Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026): FOKUS
Publisher : Institut Agama Islam Negeri (IAIN) Curup

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This study aims to analyze the manifestation of self-transcendence in the devotional experience of a mosque caretaker at the Jogokariyan Mosque in Yogyakarta. A qualitative approach was used through in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation, with thematic data analysis techniques and source triangulation to ensure data validity. The findings indicate that the involvement of mosque caretakers iso no longer driven by fulfilling personal needs, but has transcended self-interest to serve the community and divine values. This aligns with Abraham Maslow's theory of self-transcendence, which places transcendence as the pinnacle of human motivation, when individuals direct themselves toward goals broader than personal interests. The devotion of caretakers at the Jogokariyan Mosque demonstrates that religious activities can become a space for spiritual and social actualization that produces profound inner change. Thus, the caretaker's experience reflects an integrated process of transcendence between spirituality, social concern, and self-maturation, which simultaneously serves as the foundation for the success of the mosque movement based on congregational service, as well as strengthening the role of the mosque as a center for social transformation and the formation of leadership based on transcendental values.
THE THE HABITS OF THE BUGIS COMMUNITY IN IMPROVING THE MORAL EDUCATION OF ELEMENTARY SCHOOL STUDENTS IN SIDRAP REGENCY Muchsin Muchsin; Mahsyar Mahsyar; Marhani Marhani; Ahdar Ahdar; Abdul Halik
FOKUS Jurnal Kajian Keislaman dan Kemasyarakatan Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026): FOKUS
Publisher : Institut Agama Islam Negeri (IAIN) Curup

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Abstract

This research aims to comprehensively analyze the Bugis community's practices in encouraging the moral education of elementary school students in Sidrap Regency. The research uses a descriptive qualitative approach by using data collection techniques including participatory observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation that involves teachers, parents, religious leaders, traditional leaders, and students. Data analysis is conducted through stages of reduction, data presentation, and continuous conclusion drawing. The research results indicate that the habituation of students' morals is manifested through several cultural practices, including respect for parents and teachers (mappesona), etiquette for visiting and meeting others (mappatabe), and dining etiquette. The habituation process is reinforced by the exemplary behaviour of parents and community leaders; cultural and religious homogeneity; the alignment of cultural values with Islamic teachings; and the support of school religious-social programmes. However, the main challenge arises from the modernisation of digital technology and the exploratory nature of elementary school children's development. This research emphasises that habits based on Bugis local culture have strategic significance as an effective, integrative, and relevant model of moral education to shape students' characters in facing the dynamics of the global era.
EFFORTS TO IMPROVE ISLAMIC CHARACTER EDUCATION THROUGH INDIVIDUAL COUNSELING WITH A REALITY APPROACH FOR SEVENTH-GRADE STUDENTS AT SLB PUTRA MANDIRI LAMONGAN Sugeng Tri Susila; Saefrudin Saefrudin; Anwar Sholikhin
FOKUS Jurnal Kajian Keislaman dan Kemasyarakatan Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026): FOKUS
Publisher : Institut Agama Islam Negeri (IAIN) Curup

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Abstract

This study is entitled “Efforts to Improve Islamic Character Education through Individual Counseling with a Reality Approach for Seventh-Grade Students at SLB Putra Mandiri Lamongan.” The purpose of this study is to improve students’ Islamic character education, particularly in obeying school rules, through individual counseling using a reality approach for seventh-grade students at SLB Putra Mandiri Lamongan.  The research method used in this study is Action Research, which consists of two cycles. Each cycle includes the following stages: planning, implementation, observation, and reflection.  Based on the results of the action research, it can be concluded that individual counseling with a reality approach is effective in improving Islamic character education among seventh-grade students at SLB Putra Mandiri Lamongan.  Furthermore, the researcher recommends: (1) Teachers who experience similar difficulties are encouraged to apply individual counseling with a reality approach to improve students’ Islamic character education. (2) To achieve optimal results, teachers are expected to design individual counseling with a reality approach that is more engaging and varied.
RELIGION, POPULAR CULTURE, AND FASHION: NEGOTIATING ISLAMIC ETHICS AMONG GEN Z STUDENTS IN KUDUS Shafiya Noor Hasna; Moh Muhtador
FOKUS Jurnal Kajian Keislaman dan Kemasyarakatan Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026): FOKUS
Publisher : Institut Agama Islam Negeri (IAIN) Curup

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Abstract

The phenomenon of fashion and the existence of Outfit of the Day (OOTD) as a digital pop culture trend has influenced the way Generation Z Muslim students dress, including in religious and social contexts such as Kudus. Amid the dominance of social media as a source of visual references, students' dressing practices are no longer understood solely as a fulfillment of neatness and academic formality, but also as a space where popular aesthetic demands and Islamic ethical values intersect. This study aims to analyze how Generation Z Muslim students in Kudus respond to the influence of the OOTD phenomenon in their daily dressing practices and how Islamic ethics play a role in the process of selecting and limiting this influence. This study uses a descriptive-analytical qualitative approach through observation of student dressing practices on campus and semi-structured interviews with a number of students. Data analysis was carried out using Islamic ethics as the main analytical framework, particularly the concepts of aurat, modesty (ḥayā’), and moral responsibility for the body. The results show that students do not directly imitate OOTD references, but rather adopt cuts, silhouettes, and styles of dress that are considered “neat” and “up-to-date.” However, in practice, this tendency often blurs the boundaries of Islamic dress ethics. This study confirms that student dressing practices are a continuous negotiation between digital aesthetics and Islamic ethics. Academically, this study contributes as an empirical reference in contemporary Islamic ethics studies, particularly in reading the dynamics of Muslim student dressing in the era of digital popular culture.
THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PESANTREN CURRICULUM ON THE LEARNING OUTCOMES OF SANTRI IN INDONESIA: A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW Khairul Anwar; M.Harisul Wahyi A. Fakar; Lisma Tiarawati; Mega Setiawati; Nandini Titi Rahayu; Melsa Oktapia
FOKUS Jurnal Kajian Keislaman dan Kemasyarakatan Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026): FOKUS
Publisher : Institut Agama Islam Negeri (IAIN) Curup

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This study analyzes the implementation of various Islamic boarding school (pesantren) curriculum models and their impact on students’ learning outcomes in Indonesia using a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach. Twenty-one selected articles published between 2021 and 2025 were examined based on curriculum characteristics, learning outcome domains, and supporting and inhibiting factors. The findings indicate that pesantren curricula—including integrative curricula, classical kitab kuning, tahfidz programs, specialization (takhassus), and mu’adalah—positively contribute to students’ learning outcomes, particularly in the cognitive domain, followed by psychomotor and affective aspects. Successful curriculum implementation is supported by teachers’ competence, a conducive pesantren environment, traditional pedagogical methods, and effective curriculum management. However, several challenges persist, including students’ varied initial abilities, limited facilities, insufficient teacher training, and difficulties in curriculum adaptation. Overall, the study highlights that the effectiveness of pesantren curricula relies not only on curriculum design but also on the readiness of human resources and strong institutional support to ensure sustainable learning processes.
STRENGTHENING STUDY PROGRAM DISTINCTION THROUGH HALAL LOCAL PRODUCT-BASED EXTRACURRICULAR ACTIVITIES Hendrianto Hendrianto; Lutfielfalahy Jamin; Amrullah Amrullah; Eyen Tika Sari
FOKUS Jurnal Kajian Keislaman dan Kemasyarakatan Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026): FOKUS
Publisher : Institut Agama Islam Negeri (IAIN) Curup

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An This study analyzes the implementation of extracurricular activities among students of the Sharia Economic Law Study Program and the sharpening of its academic distinction through strengthening contemporary issues, such as the halal status of local products, as part of the practical application of Islamic economic principles. This research is field research using a descriptive qualitative approach. The primary data sources include the head and secretary of the Sharia Economic Law Study Program, lecturers supervising extracurricular activities, and 25 students who are members of the Student Association of the Sharia Economic Law Study Program. Secondary data were obtained from relevant documents, such as guidelines for student activities. Data collection techniques consisted of observation, interviews, and documentation. The data analysis process involved preparing and organizing the data, reading all data thoroughly, coding the data, applying coding to describe the research setting, participants, categories, and themes, presenting the themes in qualitative narratives, and interpreting the findings. The results show that extracurricular activities in the Sharia Economic Law Study Program include moot court simulations, debates, and interactive discussions with experts. However, scheduling conflicts often pose challenges. The implementation of these activities is also integrated with educational issues related to the halal status of local products. Furthermore, the design of extracurricular programs helps strengthen the program’s academic distinction by integrating local wisdom into Islamic-based economic empowerment activities, such as small and medium enterprise (SME) development programs focusing on halal local products.
THE THE CONSTRUCTION OF WOMEN'S FAULTS IN THE NARRATIVE OF THE FRUIT OF KHULDI: A TEXTUAL ANALYSIS OF THE QUR'AN AND TAFSIR TRADITION Aprilia Musawamah; Ade Jaya Suryani; Muhammad Afif; Ade Fakih Kurniawan
FOKUS Jurnal Kajian Keislaman dan Kemasyarakatan Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026): FOKUS
Publisher : Institut Agama Islam Negeri (IAIN) Curup

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In general, popular narratives often portray Eve as the main cause of humanity's fall. However, a textual reading of the Qur'anic verses shows that Adam and Eve are depicted as collective subjects in the act of transgression, while the primary source of temptation is explicitly attributed to Satan. This study aims to examine the construction of female fault in the narrative of the forbidden fruit by tracing the differences between the Qur'anic text and the development of its interpretation in religious tradition. This study uses a qualitative approach with library research methods, through content analysis and a critical-hermeneutic approach to the Qur'anic verses as well as classical and contemporary exegesis works. The research results indicate that the construction of women's errors does not originate from the text of the Qur'an, but is formed through a historical process involving the incorporation of Isrā’īliyyāt narratives, reproduction within exegetical traditions, and the influence of a patriarchal socio-cultural context. Therefore, it is very important to engage in a comprehensive analysis of religious texts, taking into account the socio-cultural context in which they were produced, to prevent the perpetuation of deep-rooted gender bias that can distort our understanding of sacred writings. This approach will facilitate a more balanced and fair interpretation of the narratives surrounding the fruit of the khuldi, allowing it to be appreciated as a profound illustration of the collective moral obligations inherent to human experience across diverse cultures and traditions.
INTEGRATIVE MODEL OF ISLAMIC RELIGIOUS EDUCATION AND GUIDANCE AND COUNSELING IN STRENGTHENING STUDENTS' CHARACTER BASED ON EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE IN THE DIGITAL ERA Markos Toni; Ahmad Jamin; Bukhari Ahmad
FOKUS Jurnal Kajian Keislaman dan Kemasyarakatan Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026): FOKUS
Publisher : Institut Agama Islam Negeri (IAIN) Curup

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This study aims to develop an integrative model of Islamic Religious Education (IRE) and Guidance and counseling in strengthening students’ character based on emotional intelligence in the digital era. The research employed a mixed methods approach with a sequential explanatory design. The qualitative phase used a case study approach to explore the implementation of IRE and Guidance and counseling integration in schools, while the quantitative phase measured students’ emotional intelligence and character through structured questionnaires. The findings revealed that IRE plays an important role in internalizing moral and religious values, whereas Guidance and counseling contributes to improving emotional regulation and social interaction. Quantitative results showed that 28% of students had high emotional intelligence, 54% moderate, and 18% low. However, the integration between IRE and Guidance and counseling remains partial and unsystematic. This study proposes an integrative model positioning IRE as the source of values, emotional intelligence as the mediating variable, and Guidance and counseling as the psychological intervention approach. The model contributes to the development of holistic character education through the integration of cognitive, affective, and social dimensions.

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